• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.111-113
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• 2006

수컷 엘크 사슴 85두에서 채혈하여 한국에서 사육되는 엘크사슴의 혈액화학치에 대한 정상범위를 설정하였다. 적혈구수에 대한 참고범위는 6.01-9.93 (${\times}10^6/mm^3$)이었으며, 헤모글로빈농도에 대하여는 10.90-19.70 (g/dl), 적혈구용적은 43.10-76.40 (%), 총백혈구수에 대하여는 2.60-7.68 (${\times}10^6/mm^3$)으로 산정되었다. 위의 네가지 혈액화학치에 관하여 한국 및 외국에서 기발표된 자료와 비교하면서 본 연구에서 설정된 참고범위의 값들의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.86-95
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• 1983

Evapotranspiration is a major factor determining the water consumption in the rice fields. Therefore, realistic evapotranspiration estimates are important to the agricultural water resources planning. In Korea, however, the Blaney-Criddle formula, which was developed under the meteorological condition of western arid United States and the upland cultivation, has been widely used to estimate evapotranspiration from paddy fields. Hence, it has considered that the Blaney-Criddle formula would not be the proper method for the Korean paddy condition. The purpose of this study is to select the most appropriate and realistic method for estimating evapotranspiraion from paddy field in Korea and to derive crop coefficients using the chosen method. The results are summerized as follows. 1. Total seasonal-average evapotranspiration by the field observation was 660mm for Tongil and 621. Ornm for the Japonica variety of rice. The amount of evapotranspiration for Tongil variety was 6% larger than that of the Japonica variety. 2. There was no significant differences in the amount of evapotranspiration among early, middle and late mature varieties, that is, early 638mm, middle 627mm and late 630mm for the whole growing season. 3. The rate of peak evapotranspiration appeared at the beginning of August and was in the range of 7.7-8. Omm/day according to the different mature varieties. 4. The correlation between pan evaporation data and the calculated evapotranspiration using related meteorological data from various methods suggested such as Radiation (FAO), Hargreaves, Christiansen, Hargreaves-Christiansen, Jensen-Haise, showed high statistic significance. Therefore, it seemed to use those formulars in estimating evapotranspiration inste4 of using pan evaporation data. 5. It was concluded from the analysis of field data that the evapotranspiration estimate for Blaney-Criddle method might not be appropriate in Korea. On the other hand, Penman equation showed more accurate estimation at the flourishing stage of rice than the pan evaporation method. 6. The crop coefficients for the Penman and pan-evaporation method were obtained by graphical representation.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was conducted to study the analytical variability of A & B counting rules in counting using a phase contrast microscope airborne fibers collected on filters in man-made mineral or vitreous fibers (MMMFs) industries. Methods: Fibers in filters were counted using A & B rules of NIOSH Method 7400. Intra-counter and inter-counter variations by fiber type and density were obtained. The types of MMMFs analyzed were glass wool fiber, rock wool fiber, slag wool fiber, and refractory ceramic fibers. The densities of fibers classified were <20 $fibers/mm^2,$ 20 - <50 $fibers/mm^2$, 50 - <100 $fibers/mm^2,$ and ${\geq}100$ $fibers/mm^2,$ respectively. Results: Intra-counter relative standard deviations by rule A were 0.084, 0.102, 0.071 for glass wool fibers, rock wool fibers and refractory ceramic fibers, and those by rule B were 0.139, 0.120 and 0.142, respectively. Inter-counter relative standard deviations by rule A were 0.281, 0.296, 0.180 for glass wool fibers, rock wool fibers and refractory ceramic fibers, and those by rule B were 0.396, 0.337 and 0.238, respectively. Conclusions: Intra-counter variation was not different significantly among fiber types (p>0.05), but B rule variation for ceramic fibers approximately 2 times greater than corresponding A rule estimates, and intra-counter and inter-counter variations were higher in the low fiber density.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2009년도 학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.1112-1116
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• 2009

설마천 유역에서 에디 공분산 방법을 사용하여 2007년 9월부터 2008년 12월까지 증발산을 조사하였다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. ${\bullet}$ 설마천 유역의 일 증발산은 0.1 - 5.7 mm $d-^1$의 변동폭을 가지며 연평균 1.2${\pm}$ 1.2 mm $d^{-1}$였다. ${\bullet}$ 설마천 유역의 연 증발산은 총 581 mm $yr^{-1}$로 연 강수량 (1997 mm $yr^{-1}$)의 약 1/3을 차지한다. 그러나 설마천 내에서 관측된 강수량의 공간 분포가 약 20%의 차이를 보이며, 주변 강수 자료를 사용할 경우 증발산은 연 강수량의 35%를 차지하였다. ${\bullet}$ 설마천 유역의 증발산의 경우, 지표와 대기간의 접합정도를 나타내는 오메가인자(${\Omega}$)오메가는 여름에 0.5로 평형증발산과 부과증발산이 전체 증발산에 기여하는 정도가 거의 같음을 보였다.

• 물과 미래
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.81-92
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• 1975

Calculation of the monthly water balance for Nakdong River basin for the period from 1958 to 1968 is made by determining three components independently: precipitation, runoff and evapotranspiration. The areal precipitation is computed by the Thiessen method using the records of nine meteorological stations in the basin, and the runoff is the flow gauged at Jindong which is located on the most downstream. For the computation of evapotranspiration, the Morton method is adopted because this method is relatively fit best in the calculation of water balance among the Morton, Penman and Thornthwaite methods. The values of Morton evapotransp iration are corrected by the factor of 0.82 in the basin in order to bring the error to zero. The areal evapotranspiration is the arithmetic mean of the Morton estimates at the stations. Mean water balance components in the Nakdong river basin are 1117.0mm, 600.6mm and 516.4m for precipitation, runoff and evapotranspiration respectively. Accordingly, the mean runoff ratio comes out to be 0.54. The smallest values of runoff coefficient are due for Daegu area, while the largest ones are for the southwest of the basin with the higher rainfall and high elevations there. The amount of runoff obtained by both Thornthwaite and Budyko methods for water balance computations indicate 59 and 60 per cent of actual values which are lower than the expected. An attempt is made to find the best reliable rainfall-runoff relation among the four methods proposed by Schreiber, 01'dekop, Budyko and Sellers. The modified equation of Schreiber type for annual runoff coefficient could be obtained with the smallest mean error of 11 per cent.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.103-111
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• 1998

This study was carried out to estirnate the heritabilities and genetic correlations on egg shape index and internal egg qualities ; shell thickness, alburnin heights and Haugh units for breeding plan and selection in Korean native chicken. Data analyzed were the records of 46,908 eggs from 43() layers from April, 1994 to September, 1995. The egg shape index at the first egg, 300 days and 500 days of ages were 74.771, 74.468 and 73.702; the shell thickness were 0.345, 0.344 and 0. 334mm; the alburnen heights were 6.579, 6.130 and 5.318mm; the Haugh units were 86.859, 81.014 and 73.565 respectively. The heritability estimates of egg shape index and internal egg qualities based on the variance of sire, dam and combined components at 300 days of age were 0.136, 0.954 and 0.545 for egg shape index; 0.201, 0.622 and 0.421 for shell thickness; 0.410, 0.961 and 0.633 for albumen height ; 0.353, 0.962 and': 0.608 for Haugh units. The genetic correlation coefficient between shell thickness and albumen height was -0.044~0.824; 0.016~0.949 between Haugh units and shell thickness 0.313~0.941 between albumen height and Haugh units, respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.1665-1669
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• 2001

A QTL was localized near S0120 on porcine chromosome 18. The QTL was significant (p<0.05) for average daily gain (ADG) of body weight and backfat thickness (BFT). The estimates of additive and dominance effects for the QTL were 0.0135 kg/day (p<0.001) and 0.0138 kg/day (p>0.5) for ADG and 1.6115 mm (p<0.001) and 0.9281 mm (p>0.05) for BFT. The location of this QTL coincided with a few growth hormone pathway genes. This study suggested that a QTL allele probably resulted from a mutation responsible for physiological lipase deficiency favoring obesity. This QTL might be important to obesity as well as growth in pigs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.505-509
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• 2011

This experiment was conducted to estimate the genetic parameters and breeding values of the economic traits measured from the cows (aged 15 months or older) using ultrasound and to use them as the information for the selection of stock animals at the farm level. The means and standard deviations of longissimus muscle area, backfat thickness and marbling score were $54.11\;cm^2{\pm}9.06$, $3.57\;mm{\pm}2.45$ and $2.65{\pm}2.88$, respectively. While the linear regression coefficients of longissimus muscle area, backfat thickness and marbling score for age (in months) were all positive (0.3532, 0.0868 and 0.0833), the quadratic regression coefficients of them for age (in months) were all negative (-0.0023, -0.0005 and -0.0006), and as the body condition score increased longissimus muscle area, backfat thickness and marbling score increased collectively. The heritability estimates for the longissimus muscle area, backfat thickness and marbling score were 0.39, 0.48 and 0.13, respectively and the estimated annual genetic gains for the longissimus muscle area, backfat thickness and marbling score were 0.00334 $cm^2$, -0.0073 mm and 0.0043 score, respectively, which were not significantly different from zero.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.319-326
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• 2006

GPS 장비를 이용하여 특정 지점의 정확한 좌표를 계산하려면 다양한 GPS 측위오차 유발요인에 대한 최신 모델이 필요하다. 특히 GPS 안테나 기준점에 대한 위상중심변동을 고려하지 않으면 고가의 측지용 GPS 안테나의 경우에도 수 cm수준의 수직좌표 오차가 발생한다. 이 연구에서는 국제적으로 널리 쓰이는 네 가지 위상중심변동 보정모델을 국내 상시관측소 데이터 처리에 적용하고 선택된 모델에 따른 좌표 차이를 분석하였다. 국토지리정보원과 행정자치부 GPS 상시관측소 전체 44개소를 대상으로 실험한 결과 기존의 상대보정법과 최신 절대보정법을 비교했을 때 평균 1.3-2.6cm의 수직 좌표 차이가 관측되었다. 수신기 좌표뿐만 아니라 GPS로 산출한 가강수량에서도 최대 4mm 차이가 발생하였다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.59-74
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• 2009

Relative navigation system is presented using GPS measurements from a single-channel global positioning system (GPS) simulator. The objective of this study is to provide the real-time inter-satellite relative positions as well as absolute positions for two formation flying satellites in low earth orbit. To improve the navigation performance, the absolute states are estimated using ion-free GRAPHIC (group and phase ionospheric correction) pseudo-ranges and the relative states are determined using double differential carrier-phase data and singled-differential C/A code data based on the extended Kalman filter and the unscented Kalman filter. Furthermore, pseudo-relative dynamic model and modified relative measurement model are developed. This modified EKF method prevents non-linearity of the measurement model from degrading precision by applying linearization about absolute navigation solutions not about the priori estimates. The LAMBDA method also has been used to improve the relative navigation performance by fixing ambiguities to integers for precise relative navigation. The software-based simulation has been performed and the steady state accuracies of 1 m and 6 mm ($1{\sigma}$ of 3-dimensional difference errors) are achieved for the absolute and relative navigation using EKF for a short baseline leader/follower formation. In addition, the navigation performances are compared for the EKF and the UKF for 10 hours simulation, and relative position errors are mm-level for the two filters showing the similar trends.