• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.565-575
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to propose the appropriate sizes and dish combination for nutritional-balanced lunch boxes delivered to children under the government-funded meal service program in Korea. The study was based on the 3 : 1 : 2 Meal Box Magic, a nutrition education method developed in Japan. A total of 290 lunch menus, comprising of 10 day menus from 29 organizations having delivered lunch boxes to children during summer vacation of 2008, were analyzed and used as the base data for lunch box combination. Dishes of the menus were classified into 6 groups: Rice group, Protein side dish group (including meat, fish, egg, and bean dishes), Vegetable side dish group, Kimchi group (including kimchi and jangajji), Soup stew group, and the other group. Nutrient analysis was conducted for 100 ml of these dishes by CAN Pro 3.0 utilizing volume and weight conversion data used for analysis of the Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and those from the Nutrient Composition of Food for Consumers. All the possible combinations of 5 dishes, comprising of 3 dishes from Rice group, Protein side dish group, and Kimchi group, respectively, and 2 dishes from Vegetable side dish group, were made using the frequently served dishes from the respective dish group. Nutrient analysis of each combination was conducted based on the assumption that a lunch box was 600 ml and filled up to 80% by dishes using the volume ratio of 3 : 1 : 1.5 : 0.5 for Rice group : Protein side dish group : Vegetable side dish group : Kimchi group. The mean and standard deviation of energy and nutrients of all combinations calculated by weighting the serving frequency of each dish selected for the combinations were $621\pm81$ kcal for Energy, $22.1\pm5.0$ g for Protein, $120\pm45$ mg for Calcium, $4.1\pm1.1$ mg for Iron, $201\pm130\;{\mu}g$ RE for Vitamin A, $0.34\pm0.10$ mg for Thiamin, $0.27\pm0.10$ mg for Riboflavin, and $24.3\pm9.6$ mg for Vitamin C. The energy percentages from Carbohydrate, Protein and Fat were 66%, 14% and 20%. The analysis results met the nutrition standard of lunch boxes for male elementary students in grades 4 through 6 under the government-funded meal service program regarding calories, nutrients except calcium and riboflavin, and macronutrient distribution ranges. Accordingly appropriate box sizes were suggested for different age and sex groups to meet the respective nutrition standards. In addition, milk or dairy products were suggested to accompany lunch boxes to supplement calcium and riboflavin intake. The method of selecting box sizes and making dish combination suggested in this study could be useful for the organizations preparing lunch boxes under the government-funded children's meal service program where nutrition professionals are not available.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.500-504
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• 2006

합토글로빈(Hp)은 조직손상이나 감염 등의 염증시에 혈중 농도가 증가하는 급성기반응단백질로서 주로 간에서 생합성되지만 염증을 동반한 폐에서도 발현됨이 보고되었다. 폐에서 합성되는 Hp이 염증반응에 어떤 영향을 주는지를 조사하고자, Hp을 과발현하는 폐상피세포를 사용하여 COX-2 및 염증관련 cytokine들의 발현을 조사하였다. Stable transfection 또는 transient transfection된 A549 세포에서 Hp이 잘 발현되고 있음을 확인한 후 COX-2의 발현을 측정한 결과, Hp의 과발현에 의해 COX-2 합성이 현저히 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 Hp을 과발현하는 A549세포에 LPS ($1{\mu}g/ml$) 또는 $IL-1{\beta}$ (100 U/ml)를 각각 24시간 동안 처치하였을 때, Hp에 의한 COX-2 발현 증가는 LPS또는 $IL-1{\beta}$자극에 의해 협동적으로 증가하였다. ACP-based PCR 방법으로 염증관련 cytokine들의 발현을 측정한 결과, Hp에 의해 SPARC의 발현이 현저히 저하되는 반면에 IL-4 및 S100A1 유전자 발현은 약간 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과들은 폐상피세포에서 Hp이 염증반응을 활성화시키는 기전으로 작용함을 시사한다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.262-269
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 선형 예측 분석을 기반으로 한 딱총새우 잡음 검출을 위한 특징을 제안한다. 딱총새우는 천해에 서식하는 종으로, 높은 진폭의 신호를 생성하고 빈번하게 발생하기 때문에 수중 잡음의 주된 원인 중 하나이다. 제안된 특징은 딱총새우 잡음이 갑작스럽게 발생하고 빠르게 소멸하는 특징을 활용하기 위해 선형 예측 분석을 이용하여 정확한 잡음 구간을 검출하고 딱총새우 잡음의 영향을 줄인다. 선형 예측 분석으로 예측한 값과 실제 측정값 사이의 오차가 크기 때문에 이를 통해 효과적으로 딱총새우 구간 검출이 가능해진다. 추가적으로 제안된 특징에 일정 오경보 확률 탐지기를 결합하여 잡음 구간 검출 성능을 추가적으로 개선한다. 제안한 방법을 딱총새우 잡음 구간 검출 최신 방법으로 알려진 다층 웨이블릿 패킷 분해와 비교한 결과, 제안한 방법이 수신자 조작 특성 곡선과 곡선 아래의 면적 측면에서 성능이 평균적으로 0.12만큼 우수하였고 계산량 측면에서도 계산 복잡도가 더 낮았다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2001

Present study was undertaken in order to document early renal ultrasonographic changes of gentamicin nephrotoxicosis and to show the value of renal ultrasonography as a contributory means of early diagnosis of acute renal failure in dogs. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with six treatments in two blocks (gentamicin-treated & saline-treated). Acute renal failure was induced by toxic dosage of gentamicin (30 mg/kg) and saline solution sham equivalent in volume to that of the toxic dosage of gentamicin (1.5-3ml). Subjective visualization of increased renal cortex was visible as homogenous echoes that were hypoechoic relative to the surrounding tissues, whereas the renal medulla was anechoic to slightly hypoechoic. After treatment, the renal cortex was hyperechoic relative to the surrounding tissue. Increased renal cortex echogenicity was associated with significant nephrotoxicosis and was superior to serum creatinine elevation in nephrotoxicosis detection. Urine GGT was superior to other clinicopathological data utilized in the diagnosis of nephrotoxicosis. Based on the above results, increased renal cortex echogenicity seemed to be of use in detecting of acute renal failure.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2023

본 연구는 우울에 효과가 입증된 국내 자생 식물 9종(배초향, 적송, 강황, 생강, 산미나리씨, 불수감, 황칠, 탱자, 쥐오줌풀) 을 선정하여 각각의 향기 성분 분석결과를 기반으로 9종 정유를 조합하여 항산화(DPPH, ABTS), 세포독성(MTS), 항염(Nitric oxide)실험을 수행하였다. 향기성분 분석결과 조합오일에서 기연구된 우울완화 효과 성분인 DL-Limonene(38.44%), g-Terpinene(8.9%), Estragole(5.18%), a-Pinene(1.73%) 등이 동정되었다. 항산화 활성인 DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 75.4%, ABTS 라디칼 소거능은 74.04%을 보였으며, 세포독성이 확인되지 않은 5uL/ml의 농도에서 NO 생성 저해능은 33.14%로 나타났다. 이를 통하여 국내 블렌딩 정유의 우울증의 개선 또는 예방에 대한 효과를 검증하고 더불어 과학적 효능과 성분 연구가 상호 협력적으로 이루어져 우울증적 증상 개선 유무를 확인 할 수 있는 기초자료로 제공하고자 한다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.647-654
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• 2015

A prostrate species of Codium (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta) was collected from Daejin on the eastern coast of Korea. This alga is morphologically characterized by a prostrate, adherent or pulvinate, dark green thallus that is tightly attached to substratum. The utricles are strongly grouped and cylindrical to slightly clavate. Their apex is rounded to capitated, and it frequently has an alveolate ornament. Hair scars are found in the upper portion of the utricle. The gametangia grow on a short pedicel in the upper part of the utricle. In the phylogenetic tree based on molecular data, this alga is placed in the same clade as C. mozambiquense in UPGMA analysis, and nests in a sister clade of C. lucasii subsp. capense and C. mozambiquense in ML and NJ analyses. However, the genetic distance between the sequences of the Korean alga and the two species is 1.3-1.9%, while that between the Korean alga and C. lucasii from Japan is 1.1% within intraspecific range. The divergence value between the Korean alga and C. lucasii from the type locality (Australia) is 2.7% considered to be interspecific range. As based on this genetic divergence value, the Korean alga together with Japanese C. lucasii can be separated from genuine C. lucasii from the type locality. However, the Korean alga is identified as C. lucasii until those entities are morphologically characterized in species level. This is the first record of C. lucasii in Korea

• 미생물학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.111-121
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• 1978

About 40 temperature-sensitive mutants have been isolated as a preliminary step to study the spore germination, the cell cycle, and the control of macromolecular synthesis in Aspergillus nidulans. To obtain temperature-sensitive mutants rapidly and effectively, the selective enrichment method using antifungal antibiotic nystatin was developed. Based on the data which had applied to the concentration of auxotrophic mutants by the earlier investigators, the optimal concentration and the time of treatment at the nonpermissive temeprature were determined as 50 to 100 units per ml and 4.5 hr., respectively. Out of 41 ts mutants assigned to the strain symbol PK, thirteen that seemed to be arrested at the earlystage of spore germination were subjected to the further cytological and genetic analysis. Elght of these mutants are able to form germ tube and five not. Staining with acid fuchsin for the 5PK strains shows that one irreversible mutant, PK6 strain able to form germ tube, accumulate mitotic spindle, being arrested in mitosis. Another PK15 and PK23 strain have more than one intact nucleolus without germ tube formation at the restrictive temperature. the temperature-senstive mutation in PK12 strain, the onlystrain which is able occurred in certain gene specific for the germination of spore. All of the ts markers are recessive and complement each other in heterokaryon between two different ts markers at the restrictive temperature.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.36-48
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• 2022

As a valid numerical method to obtain a high-resolution result of a flow field, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have been widely used to study coolant flow and heat transfer characteristics in fuel rod bundles. However, the time-consuming, iterative calculation of Navier-Stokes equations makes CFD unsuitable for the scenarios that require efficient simulation such as sensitivity analysis and uncertainty quantification. To solve this problem, a reduced-order model (ROM) based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and machine learning (ML) is proposed to simulate the flow field efficiently. Firstly, a validated CFD model to output the flow field data set of the rod bundle is established. Secondly, based on the POD method, the modes and corresponding coefficients of the flow field were extracted. Then, an deep feed-forward neural network, due to its efficiency in approximating arbitrary functions and its ability to handle high-dimensional and strong nonlinear problems, is selected to build a model that maps the non-linear relationship between the mode coefficients and the boundary conditions. A trained surrogate model for modes coefficients prediction is obtained after a certain number of training iterations. Finally, the flow field is reconstructed by combining the product of the POD basis and coefficients. Based on the test dataset, an evaluation of the ROM is carried out. The evaluation results show that the proposed POD-ROM accurately describe the flow status of the fluid field in rod bundles with high resolution in only a few milliseconds.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2001

종전에 신용카드의 기능과 효과를 논할 때, 화폐의 공급측면을 강조하는 공급일변도 분석에만 치중하여 신용카드의 사용증가는 오로지 통화량의 공급증가에만 이어지고 나아가서 과소비와 인플레를 초래하는 주요원인이 된다는 논리를 펼쳐왔다. 그러나, 본 논문에서는 이미 분석검증이 된 바와 같이 신용카드 이용액의 증가는 화폐의 수요측면에서 더 중요한 작용을 하게 되며, 신용카드 이용액 증가는 통화수요를 그만큼 감축시키게 되며 나아가서 비통화예수금이라는 금융자산증가에 기여하게 된다는 사실을 통계적 분석을 통해서 검증하였다. 신용카드사용에 대한 효과분석에 있어서 종전의 공급위주론으로부터 수요위주론으로의 전환은 새로운 분석방향이라고 생각된다. 본 논문의 분석에서는 신응카드이용액, Ml, M2. M3, 비통화예수금 및 여타 여러 가지 관련변수에 대하여 1985년부터 1998년까지 14년간의 각 분기별 시계열자료에 의거하여 통계적분석을 실시하였다. 이들 분석결과는 신용카드이용액 증가는 통화나 퐁통화에는 영향을 주지 않고, 특히 총유동성 구성인자의 하나인 비통화예수금 증가에 크게 영향을 미친다는 사실이 입증되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2008

Three kinds of prenylated flavonols, icariside I, icariside II, and icaritin, were isolated from an icariin hydrolysate and their effects on melanogenesis evaluated based on mushroom tyrosinase inhibition and quantifying the melanin contents in melanocytes. Although none of the compounds had an effect on tyrosinase activity, icariside II and icaritin both effectively inhibited the melanin contents with an $IC_{50}$ of 10.53 and $11.13{\mu}M$, respectively. Whereas icariside II was obtained from a reaction with ${\beta}$-glucosidase and cellulase, the icariin was not completely converted into icariside II. Thus, for the high-purity production of icariside II, the reaction was optimized using the response surface methodology, where an enzyme concentration of 5.0mg/ml, pH 7, $37.5^{\circ}C$, and 8 h reaction time were selected as the central conditions for the central composite design (CCD) for the enzymatic hydrolysis of icariin into icariside II using cellulase. Empirical models were developed to describe the relationships between the operating factors and the response (icariside II yield). A statistical analysis indicated that all four factors had a significant effect (p<0.01) on the icariside II production. The coefficient of determination $(R^2)$ was good for the model (0.9853), and the optimum production conditions for icariside II was an enzyme concentration of 7.5mg/ml, pH 5, $50^{\circ}C$, and 12 h reaction time. A good agreement between the predicted and experimental data under the designed optimal conditions confirmed the usefulness of the model. A laboratory pilot scale was also successful.