• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.79-90
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• 2005

There are plenty of optimization models for the signal-system of a single intersection and area traffic. Some of those models are adopted for the real traffic signal control system. The simulators for a single crossroad have been developed, so that we could evaluate optimization models and traffic control systems. However, the simulators for the area traffic are still being developed. Therefore, there are many limitations in the analysis and evaluation for area traffic control system. The area traffic is consisted of several intersections which are very complicated and many traffic strategies are adopted for the control system. This paper features an effective area traffic control system based on the High Lever Architecture(HLA). In this paper, we discuss the design of HLA-based area traffic control simulation. We describe technical motivations for the HLA, the key elements of the architecture and how they are minimum and essential to the goal of reuse and interoperability. A distributed simulation with HLA/RTI provides stable and satisfactory experimental results. Moreover, the prototype traffic control system provides reliable accomplishment compared to the NETSIM and TRANSYT-7F models.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국시뮬레이션학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.82-88
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• 2005

There are plenty of optimization models for the signal-system of a single intersection and area traffic. Some of those models are adopted for the real traffic signal control system. The simulators for a single crossroad have been developed, so that we could evaluate optimization models and traffic control systems. However, the simulators for the area traffic are still being developed. Therefore, there are some limitations in the analysis and evaluation for area traffic control systems, The area traffic is consist of several intersections interconnected which are very complicated and many traffic strategy are adopted for the control system. This paper features an effective area traffic control system by High Lever Architecture(HLA) which is a new developed simulation tool. In this paper, we discuss the design of HLA-based area traffic control simulation. We describe technical motivations for the HLA, the key elements of the architecture and how they are minimum and essential to the goal of reuse and interoperability.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2010

This paper deals with minimizing layout area of FPGA design. FPGAs are becoming increasingly important in the design of ASICs since they provide both large scale integration and user-programmability. This paper describes a method to obtain tight bound on the worst-case increase in area when drivers are introduced along many long wires in a layout. The area occupied by minimum-area embedding for a circuit can depend on the aspect ratio of the bounding rectangle of the layout. This paper presents a separator-based area-optimal embeddings for FPGA graphs in rectangles of several aspect ratios which solves the longest path problem in the constraint graph.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2012

요본 논문은 혈액의 총 배송비용 최소화와 배송 허용시간 $T^*$ 조건을 만족시키는 최적의 물류센터 위치를 결정하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. Zhang과 Yang은 각 지역에서 최대 거리에 위치한 2개 지점의 평균값이 배송제약시간보다 작은 지점의 위치를 이동시키는 방법을 제안하였으나 최단거리 계산 오류로 인해 물류센터 위치를 잘못 선정하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 지역 간 최단거리 $l_{ij}$를 구하여 $_{max}l_{ij}{\leq}L^*$인 지점과 $l_{ij}>L^*$인 경로 $P_{ij}=v_i,v_k,{\cdots},v_l,v_j$에 대해 ($v_i,v_k$)와 ($v_j,v_l$)로 $l_{ij}-L^*$ 위치를 이동시킨 지점들 중에서 $_{max}l_{ij}{\leq}L^*$인 지점들을 최종 후보 물류센터 위치로 결정하였다. 이들 후보 지점들 중 총 배송비용이 최소가 되는 지점을 최적의 물류센터 지점으로 결정하였다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.574-580
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• 2015

Climatic zone in building code is an administrative district classification reflecting regional climatic characteristics. Use of Degree-Days is a fundamental method that can be used in various building design codes, analysis of building energy performance, and establishment of minimum thermal transmittance of building envelopes. Many foreign countries, such as the USA, the EU, Australia, Italy, India, China, etc., have already adapted climatic zone classification with degree-days, precipitation or amount of water vapor based on the characteristics of their own country's climate. In Korea, however, the minimum requirements for regional thermal transmittance are classified separately for the Jungbu area, Nambu area and Jeju Island with no definite criterion. In this study, degree-days of 255 Korean cities were used for climatic zone classification. Outdoor dry-bulb temperature data from the Korea Meteorological Administration for 1981~2010 was used to calculate degree-days. ArcGIS and the calculated degree-days were utilized to analyze and visualize climatic zone classification. As a result, depending on the distribution and distinctive differences in degree-days, four climatic zones were derived : 1) Central area, 2) Mountain area of Gyeonggi and Gangwon provinces, 3) Southern area, and 4) Jeju Island. The climatic zones were suggested per administrative district for easy public understanding and utilization.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.691-711
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• 2011

This study examines the preliminary license and approval facilitation standards for improvements in quality for childcare centers focusing on the number of children, building space standards, facilities and equipment, and childcare program. Data from 48 caese was collected from childcare centers nationwide in Korea through a questionnaire and building plan. The first step for starting care licensing is to work out the ages and numbers of children within four or five age ranges. The second step is to work out the number of children as small, medium, or large considering staff to child ratios and building size. The Nnext step is to make a choice about childcare service quality classification as minimum, fair, or good, considering space requirements per child for the building, the classroom and the outdoor playground. The next step is to make a choice of space organization relating to service programs, considering the sleeping and eating area, indoor play area, toilet & washing facilities, classroom layouts such as cluster type, double zone type, single zone type, and others. Also, each room and entrance, office, kitchen, storage, laundry, teacher's area, and chilldren's area, need to be checked for space requirements and performances. The last step is to arrange the childcare program with the building and site plan. In conclusion childcare service quality will get better by upgrading of license regulation especially in minimum space requirements per child, corresponding with an increase in GNP and housing area per person. This is needed for childcare licensing in order to determine the quality level of childcare service.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.80-90
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• 2016

This study presents quantitative evaluation standards for they mobility test, conducted in the process of a slacks fit test. This study quantified the subjects' evaluation on the wearability of slacks to provide objective qualitative evaluation methods for existing mobility tests. The subjects were women of standard bodytype between the ages of 18 and 24 wearing slacks designed to test their mobility based on differences in ease in waist girth, hip girth, crotch length and knee length. A qualitative evaluation tested the wearability of slacks. Clothing pressure and gap area between the body and slacks were measured based on a quantitative evaluation. The clothing pressure and the gap area between the body and slacks (which reflect the results of the wearability test) were presented in this study as quantitative evaluation standards. Clothing pressure tended to increase as the ease of slacks decreased; however, clothing pressure standards, that induce discomfort, differed by body parts. The hip, crotch, and knee area were relatively less sensitive despite the waist and the abdominal area sensitivity to clothing pressure. This study suggests the minimum ease for the appropriate wearing comfort of slacks by region and motion as standards for the quantitative evaluation of mobility tests. These was reset in accordance to the limits of clothing pressure when the minimum ease was considered as wearable but exceeded the clothing pressure limits.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.169-180
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• 2019

해안선은 국가의 형상을 결정하는 기준이기 때문에 일관되게 추출되어야 한다. 최소 점간거리가 일관되지 않으면 일관된 해안선 길이를 산출할 수 없기 때문에 국가정책 결정을 위한 기초자료로서의 신뢰도를 확보하기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 1m 이하에서 임의의 점간거리로 산출될 수 있는 해안선에 대하여 일관되게 산출하기 위한 최소 점간거리에 대한 방안을 제시하였다. 국립해양조사원에서 공표한 해안선 길이를 기준으로 점간거리에 따른 해안선 길이 변화를 비교분석하기 위해 연구대상지를 선정하고 해안선과 중첩되는 격자를 생성하였다. 비교결과를 토대로 일관된 해안선 길이를 고려한 최소 격자 크기를 추정하는 다항식을 유도함으로써 최소 격자 크기와 최소 점간거리를 결정할 수 있었다. 공표된 해안선 길이와 다양한 격자 크기로 일반화된 해안선 길이를 비교하고 점간거리에 따른 해안선의 특성을 분석함으로써 일관한 해안선 길이를 고려한 최소 점간거리를 추정할 수 있었다. 결정된 격자 크기에 대한 정량적 평가를 수행한 결과에 따르면 일관된 해안선 길이 결정에 최소 점간거리 방법론이 유용할 것으로 판단된다. 제시한 최소 점간거리 결정 방안은 일관된 해안선 길이를 산출하는데 도움이 되고 국가 기준인 해안선의 신뢰도를 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.401-409
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• 2012

This study examines the climatological variability of urban area and the increase of temperature by urbanization using the observed data of Busan and Mokpo during the last 100 years (1910~2010). The results are as follows. First, the maximum temperature in Busan during the last 100 years has increased by $1.5^{\circ}C$ while average temperature and the minimum temperature have increased by $1.6^{\circ}C$ and $2^{\circ}C$. In Mokpo, the maximum temperature and average temperature have increased by $1^{\circ}C$ and the minimum temperature has increased by $0.8^{\circ}C$. The increase of urban temperature appeared to be higher in Busan than in Mokpo by $0.5^{\circ}C{\sim}1.2^{\circ}C$. Second, as for the change in temperature before and after urbanization, the maximum temperature, average temperature and the minimum temperature during last 50 years compared to the previous 50 years have increased about $1.5^{\circ}C$, $1.6^{\circ}C$ and $2.1^{\circ}C$, however, the predicted temperature after removing urbanization effect was estimated to be increased by $1^{\circ}C$. The proportion that urbanization takes on the overall increase of temperature appeared to be 33% at the maximum temperature, 37.5% at average temperature and 52.3% at the minimum temperature, thus the proportion of urbanization appeared to be maximized at the minimum temperature.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2008

본 논문은 Grade Of Services Steiner Minimum Tree 문제 해결을 위한 우리의 휴리스틱의 개선에 관한 것이다. 이 문제는 멀티미디어 통신에서 응용할 수 있는 여러 등급의 서비스를 각기 제공할 수 있는 네트워크를 설계하는데 적용할 수 있다. NP-Hard 문제로 알려진 이 문제는 주어진 터미널 노드를 모두 연결하고 G-Condition을 만족하는 네트워크 중에서 가장 적은 구축비용을 만족하는 네트워크를 찾는 것이다. 우리의 이전 연구에서 이 문제를 해결하기 위한 몇 개의 휴리스틱을 제안했다. 본 논문에서는 이 휴리스틱의 성능을 개선하기 위해 G-Condition 검사 순서 및 방법에 대한 전략을 제안한다. 이 전략을 반영한 개선된 휴리스틱들에 관한 실험은 이전 것들에 비해 평균적으로 실행시간은 71.9%, 스타이너 포인트의 수는 28.9%, 네트워크 구축비용은 1.1%의 감소의 결과를 얻었다.