• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.156-161
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• 2006

The essential oil of Nardostachys jatamansi (Valerianaceae), which has been used for a long time in aroma therapy, was investigated after inhalation or oral administration for its analgesic effect, anticonvulsant action, hypnotic effect and in vitro inhibitory activity on monoamine oxidase. This fragrance oil showed a significant analgesic effect in the phenylquinone-induced .writhing test, suppressed the convulsion induced by pentylenetetrazole and lengthened the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time in a time-dependent manner after fragrance inhalation or dose-independently by oral administration. Its inhibitory activity on monoamine oxidase was remarkable, showing $49.4\%$ inhibition at a concentration of 5.0 mg/ml. Six new terpenes with seven known compounds were detected by our GC-MS analytical conditions used. As a result, the essential oil fragrance of Nardostachys jatamansi would be clinically useful for a sedative by either inhalation or oral administration.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.271-276
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• 2003

The inoculation of some microorganisms into a microcosm containing soil from a barren lakeside area at Lake Paro in Kangwon-do enhanced plant growth significantly. The direct and viable counts of soil bacteria and soil microbial activities measured by electron transport system assay and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis assay were higher in inoculated soil. The plant growth promoting effect of this inoculation may be caused by phytohormone production and the solubilization of insoluble phosphates by the inoculated bacteria. Three inoculated strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens produced several plant growth promoting phytohormones, including indole-3-acetic acid (auxin), which was confirmed by thin layer chromatography and GC/MS. P. fluorescens strain B16 and M45 produced 502.4 and 206.1 mg/l of soluble phosphate from Ca3(PO4)2 and hydroxyapatite, respectively. Bacillus megaterium showed similar solubilization rates of insoluble phosphates to those of Pseudomonas spp. We believe that this plant growth promoting capability may be used for the rapid revegetation of barren or disturbed land.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.262-268
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• 2000

The bioequivalence of two tiropramide products was evaluated in 18 health male volunteers following oral administration. Test product was Tira $m^{R}$ tablet (Shin Poong SP-102) (Shin Poong Pharm. Co., Ltd.) and reference product was Tirop $a^{R}$ tablet (Dae Woong Pharm. Co., Ltd.) One capsule of the test and reference product containing 100 mg of tropramide.hydrochloride was administered to the volunteers by randomized two period cross-over study (2 $\times$ 2 Latin square method). The drug concentration in plasma was determined by GC/MS for over a period of 12hours after administration. Analysis of variance reveal that there are no differences in AUC (area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity), Cmax (maximum plasma concentration) and Tmax (time to reach Cmax). The differences of mean AUC, Cmax and Tmax between two products were 3.85, 1.47 and -3.6%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (%) at $\alpha$=0.1 were all less than 20% given as a guideline (18.07, 17.00 and 20.69% for AUC, Cmax and Tmax, respectively). From these results, the two products are bioequivalent.ent.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2010

Natural Ginger extract was extracted from Ginger component using ethanol as a solvent, and we tested various pharmaceutical characteristics in this extract. Characteristics experiment to use natural Ginger extract tested antimicrobial experiment using microbe, and analyzed organic and inorganic component with analysis instrument. From the result of characteristics experiment, some conclusions are obtained as follow. In this experiment, natural Ginger extract was obtained about 22.50 g-Ginger extract(extraction ratio : 1.80%) as liquid state of some viscous yellow-brown color. The result of antimicrobial experiment with staphylococcus aureus and aspergillus niger in microbe decreased more and more according to passage of reaction time. This phenomenon could know that Ginger extract has influenced to antimicrobial effect. In the result of instrumental analysis, aromatic organic components of benzimidazole(1.283), propyl isothiocyanate or isothiocyanic acid(1.477) etcs from Ginger extract were detected with GC/MS and inorganic component of Ca(27.6 ppm), K(24.08 ppm), Mg(6.03 ppm), Na(1.02 ppm), Zn(1.02 ppm), Sb(0.711 ppm) and Li(0.079 ppm) etcs from Ginger extract were detected with ICP/OES.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2004

Selection of stress-tolerant ginseng lines in fields is very difficult because it is almost impossible to control properly the environmental conditions of soil. On the contrary, it can be studied with ease to search for stress-tolerant ginseng lines through in vitro culture because of easy manipulation of stress conditions. This study was conducted for the selection of ginseng pure lines tolerant to salt stress. Murashige ＆amp; Skoog(MS) media with 2.5 folds of KNO$_3$, NH$_4$NO$_3$, MgSO$_4$.7$H_2O$, KH$_2$PO$_4$, and CaC1$_2$.2$H_2O$ was established for the selection of ginseng pure lines tolerant to salt stress in vitro. Among 88 ginseng pure lines bred by Korea Ginseng and Tobacco Research Institute, Punggi Hwangsuk, 78093, 82886, 78135, 86024 and KG104 lines was tolerant to salt stress. For the stable production of quality Korean ginseng, genetic tolerance to salt stress is one of important factors since relatively high salt concentrations in the ginseng nursery soil environment of Korea. Ginseng inbred pure lines were tested for their tolerance to salt stress through in vitro culture technique.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.342-354
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• 2018

Suaeda japonica is a halophytic plant that lives in mudflat at intertidal zone of western and southern coastal areas of Korea. The seawater-living plants showed a purple color during their whole life. In contrast, freshwater-living plants displayed a green color in leaves. When seawater-living plants were transferred to potting soil, the purple color was gradually changed to green in the leaves. The extracted purple pigment compound exhibited typical characteristics of betacyanin that were represented by water solubility, pH- and temperature-dependent color changes, sensitivity to light, UV-Vis spectra, and gel electrophoretic migration pattern. The LC-MS analysis of the extracted pigment compound showed the presence of two major protonated molecular ions ($[M+H]^+$) at m/z 651.1 and m/z 827.1. Antioxidant activity of the pigment compound was determined using stable free radical DPPH assay. It was found to have an antioxidant activity that is linearly increased in proportion to the reaction time for up to 30 min, and the activity was comparable to that of control BHA at 9.0 mg/ml. The anticancer activity against several tumor cell lines was also examined following the MTT assay. The significant growth inhibitory effect was observed on two tumor cell lines, SW-156 (human kidney carcinoma) and HEC-1B (human endometrial adenocarcinoma). Probably, the pigment compound may function as an osmolyte to uphold halotolerant physiological processes in saline environment.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2019

The antimicrobial activity of acetone, hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol extracts from leaves, stems, immature green fruits, and red fruits of tomato plants was examined against six phytopathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the acetonic extracts from these four plant parts was lower than that of the other solvents. Among the acetonic extracts, tomato leaves had a lower MIC than the other tomato parts. The acetonic extract from tomato leaves was therefore selected as a source of antimicrobial substances. The acetonic extract from tomato leaves inhibited mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Glomerella cingulata, and Rhizoctonia solani. Mycelial growth of R. solani treated with acetone extract from leaves showed more susceptibility than the other phytopathogens. Using 0.31 mg/ml of the acetonic extract from leaves, mycelial growth of R. solani on days 1, 2, and 3 decreased by 50.0, 52.1, and 64.0%, respectively, compared with acetone solvent treatment. The antimicrobial compounds effective against R. solani were identified as linolenic acid and caffeic acid by bioautography and GC-MS. These two compounds were used to treat six phytopathogens to confirm their antimicrobial activities. Linolenic acid inhibited mycelial growth of R. solani, while caffeic acid showed only slight antimicrobial activity. Results indicated that we propose extracts from tomato leaves which included antimicrobial compounds may provide a new lead in the pursuit of new biological sources of agrochemical candidates.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.220-228
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• 2017

본 연구는 수산동물을 원료로 한 천연 anserine의 추출을 위해 여러 추출방법을 이용하여 연어로부터 anserine을 추출하였으며 각 추출방법에 따른 불순물(protein, iron)과 anserine의 함량 변화를 살펴보았다. Anserine 추출용 시료로서 연어의 적합성을 알아보기 위해 아미노산 함량을 분석한 결과 전체 아미노산 함량 중 anserine은 약 43.06%를 차지하는 것으로 나타나 추출용 시료로 적합한 것으로 나타났고, 추출방법에 따른 함량 변화를 살펴보기 위해 가열처리와 한외여과처리, 그리고 이온교환 및 한외여과처리를 이용한 추출방법에 따른 함량 변화를 살펴본 결과 $60^{\circ}C$, $80^{\circ}C$, $100^{\circ}C$로 가열 처리한 경우 $100^{\circ}C$ 가열처리구가 총철과 단백질 등 불순물 제거에 가장 효과적이었으나, anserine 함량의 감소가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 한외여과방법을 통해 분자량을 조절한 추출물의 함량 변화를 측정한 결과에서는 가열처리 추출물보다 단백질 약 81%, 총철 함량이 약 97% 감소하는 결과를 나타내었으며, anserine의 함량 변화는 가열처리구와 비슷한 수준을 유지하였다. 또한, Dowex $1{\times}8$ 수지를 이용하여 1차 이온교환을 하고 이온 교환한 추출물을 이용하여 MW 500까지 한외여과처리를 한 후 CM-cellulose를 이용하여 2차 이온교환을 병행한 추출물의 함량 변화를 살펴본 결과, 가열-한외여과처리 추출물보다 단백질 및 총철의 함량은 감소했지만 상대적으로 높은 anserine 함량을 나타내어 이온교환-한외여과처리 추출방법이 단백질 및 총철과 같은 불순물의 함량은 낮추면서 상대적으로 anserine의 함량을 높일 수 있는 추출방법이라 사료된다. 또한, 이러한 경향은 전기영동 및 HPLC를 통해 확인할 수 있었으며, LC/MS를 이용하여 표품 anserine과 1차 이온교환-한외여과처리 추출물, 2차 이온교환 추출물을 분석한 결과 모두 동일한 분자량(MW 240)을 가진 물질로 확인되어 1, 2차 이온교환 및 한외여과처리를 병행한 추출법이 anserine의 추출에 있어서 효율적인 방법으로 생각한다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2009

인삼 모상근의 생장과 ginsenosides의 함량을 증가시키기 위하여 생장조절제가 첨가되지 않은 1/2 MS 배지에 석결명의 농도와 처리시기를 달리하여 인삼 모상근 KGHR-8 세포주를 30일간 배양하였다. 실험 결과, 고체배양에서 10 mg/L 석결명을 첨가하였을 때 생장량이 가장 높으며, 300 mg/L 이상 처리구는 대조군에 비해 생장이 낮았다. 액체배양시 10, 15 mg/L 석결명을 첨가하였을 때 생장량이 증가하였고 ginsenoside 함량은 10, 15 mg/L 처리구에서 각각 8.8%, 11.8% 증가를 보였다. 석결명의 최적 처리시점을 구명하고자 첨가시점을 달리하여 인삼 모상근의 생장량을 조사한 결과, 대조군보다 14일 후 10 mg/L 석결명을 접종한 처리구에서 생체중량 22.9%, 건조중량 20.7%으로 가장 높은 인삼 모상근의 생장 증가를 보였다. 또한, 광조사 효과를 조사하기 위해 암실과 광조사 처리구로 나누어 30일간 배양한 결과, 대조군과 비교하여 광조사 처리구에서는 18% 정도 생장량이 증가하였고 암실 처리구에서 거의 차이가 없었다. RT-PCR 결과에서는 10, 20 mg/L 석결명 처리구가 대조군에 비해 사포닌 생합성 관련 유전자인 squalene synthase, squalene epoxidase, dammarenediol synthase, cycloartenol synthase 및 $\beta$-amyrin synthase의 전사량이 증가하였다. Bioreactor (2L)를 이용하여 인삼 모상근을 배양한 결과 처리구가 대조군에 비해 5% 증가를 보였으며, ginsenosides 함량도 2.63 g으로 대조군에 비해 증가하였다. 따라서 석결명은 이차 대사산물인 사포닌의 생산에 영향을 미치는 elicitor로써 역할을 하는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.378-381
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• 2012

2011년 6월부터 11월까지 농산물 중 GC-NPD 및 GC-MSD를 이용한 동시 다성분 분석법을 이용하여 uniconazole의 잔류실태 조사를 실시하였다. 2011년 6월부터 11월까지 서울지역에 유통되고 있는 농산물 121종 총 3,939건에 대하여 잔류실태조사를 실시한 결과 49건에서 uniconazole이 검출되었다. 품목별로는 겨자채가 69.4%로 가장 많이 검출되었다. Uniconazole의 검출양은 0.09 mg/kg에서 17.89 mg/kg로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 uniconazole에 대하여 GC-NPD 및 GC-MSD를 이용한 동시분석법의 가능성을 검토하였다. GC-NPD의 검출한계와 정량한계는 각각 0.006 mg/kg와 0.018 mg/kg이었다. 겨자채에 표준용액을 0.5, 5 mg/kg 농도로 하여 회수율을 측정한 결과 83.4%에서 101.4%까지 양호한 결과를 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통하여 동시분석법으로 보다 효율적인 검사가 가능할 것으로 기대된다.