• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.412-414
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• 2022

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs)을 이용한 위치정보 서비스가 다양해짐에 따라, 전파 교란 및 기만에 대한 GNSSs의 취약성에 대한 우려도 점점 커지고 있다. 이에 미국, 러시아, 유럽 등 자체적으로 GNSS를 보유하고 운영하고 있는 국가조차도 GNSS의 취약성을 보완할 수 있는 부가적인 항법시스템을 개발하고 있다. 그 중 현재 운영 중인 Medium Frequency (MF) 주파수 대역의 신호를 이용하여 Differential GNSS (DGNSS) 정보를 전달하는 인프라를 활용하여 항법 신호를 송출하는 Ranging Mode (R-Mode) 시스템이 유럽과 한국을 중심으로 개발 중에 있다. 하지만 MF 주파수 대역의 신호는 일몰 이후에 전리층 일부가 소멸되면서 상위 전리층에서 신호가 반사되어 지표면에서 강한 세기로 수신되는 특성을 갖고 있다. 이런 특성은 지표를 통해 전파하는 원 신호를 수신하는 과정에 큰 오차요소로 작용할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 송출되고 있는 R-Mode 신호의 야간 특성을 분석하고자 한다. 현재 충주, 어청도 DGNSS 기준국에서 송출하고 있는 R-Mode 신호를 다양한 안테나 종류로 수신해보고, 항법 시스템의 정밀도 성능에 악영향을 줄 수 있는 특성에 대한 보완방법을 모색하였다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 2022

R-Mode is terrestrial based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) backup radio navigation technology which used existing maritime information service infrastructure. It has advantages on reduce the cost and reutilize the frequency resource. In this paper, we propose a method to develop a medium-frequency (MF) band R-Mode transmitting station by utilizing the currently operating Differential GNSS (DGNSS) reference station infrastructure. To this end, the considerations for co-operating the DGNSS reference station and the MF R-Mode transmitting station are analyzed. In this process, we also analyze what is necessary to configure the communication system as a navigation system for range measurement. Based on the analysis result, MF R-Mode transmitting station system is designed and architecture is proposed. The developed system is installed in the field, and the performance evaluation results is presented.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.245-250
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• 2022

As location-based services using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) are diversified, concerns about the vulnerability of GNSS to radio disturbance and deception are also growing. Accordingly, countries that own and operate GNSS, such as the United States, Russia, and Europe, are also developing additional navigation systems that can compensate for GNSS' weaknesses. Among them, an R-Mode system that transmits navigation signals using an infrastructure that transmits differential GNSS (DGNSS) information using signals from the medium frequency band currently in operation is being developed in Europe and Korea. Since 2020, Korea has improved four DGNSS transmission stations, including Chungju, Eocheongdo, Palmido, and Socheongdo, to transmit R-Mode signals and test navigation performance in some parts of the West Sea. In this paper, we intend to establish a testbed for measuring the distance of R-Mode signals currently being transmitted and analyze the results. It is confirmed that the distance measurement performance varies depending on the antenna type, diurnal variation, and propagation path of the signal.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.429-436
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• 2019

The eLoran system is considered the best alternative because the vulnerability of satellite navigation systems cannot be resolved as perfect. Thus, South Korea is in the process of establishing a testbed of the eLoran system in the West Sea. To provide resilient navigation services to all waters, additional eLoran transmitters are required. However, it is difficult to establish eLoran transmitters because of various practical reasons. Instead, the positioning with NDGNSS/AIS source can expand the coverage and its algorithm with applying continuous waves is under development. Using the already operating NDGNSS reference station and the AIS base station, it is possible to operate the navigation system with higher accuracy than before. Thus, it is crucial to predict the performance when each system is integrated. In this paper, we have developed a simulation tool that can predict the performance of terrestrial integrated navigation system using the eLoran system, maritime NDGNSS station and the AIS station. The esitmated phase error of the received signal is calculated with the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound factoring the transmission power and the atmospheric noise according to the transmission frequency distributed by the ITU. Additionally, the simulation results are more accurate by estimating the annual mean atmospheric noise of the 300 kHz signal through the DGPS signal information collected from the maritime NDGNSS station. This approach can further increase the reliability of simulation results.