• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2019

Purpose: The usefulness of using single-electron radiation for secondary radiotherapy of breast cancer patients after surgery is assessed and the use of a combine of different energy. Methods and materials : In this study, 40 patients (group A) using energy 6 MeV and 9 MeV, and 19 patients (group B) using a combine of 9 MeV and 12 MeV were studied among 59 patients who performed secondary care using combine electronic radiation. Each patient in each group, 6 MeV, 9 MeV, Combine(6 MeV / 9 MeV) and 9 MeV, 12 MeV, Combine (9 MeV / 12 MeV) were developed in different ways, and the maximum doses delivered to the original hospital, D95, D5, and $V_3$, $V_5$, $V_{10}$ were compared. Result: The D95 mean value of Group A treatment plan was $785.33{\pm}225.37cGy$, $1121.79{\pm}87.02cGy$ at 9 MeV, and $1010.98{\pm}111.17cGy$ at 6 MeV / 9 MeV, and the mean value at 6 MeV / 9 MeV was most appropriate for the dose. The mean values of the low dose area $V_3$ and $V_5$ in the lung of the breast direction being treated were $3.24{\pm}3.49%$ and $0.72{\pm}1.55%$ at 6 MeV, the highest 9 MeV at $7.25{\pm}4.59%$, $3.07{\pm}2.64%$, the lowest at 6 MeV. Maximum and average lung dose was $727.78{\pm}137.27cGy$ at 6 MeV / 9 MeV, $49.16{\pm}24.44cGy$, highest 9 MeV at $998.97{\pm}114.35cGy$, $85.33{\pm}41.18cGy$, and lowest 6 MeV at $387.78{\pm}208.88cGy$, $9.27{\pm}6.60cGy$. The value of $V_{10}$ was all close to zero. Group B appeared in the pattern of Group A. Conclusion: Relative differences in low-dose areas of the lungs $V_3$ and $V_5$ were seen and were most effective in the dose transfer of tumor bed in the application of combined energy. It is thought that the method of using electronic energy in further radiation treatments for breast cancer is a more effective way to use the energy effect of limiting energy resources, and that if you think about it again, it could be a little more beneficial radiation treatment for patients.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.57-67
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• 2009

These studies were conducted to investigate the various dietary CP and ME feeding effect on productivity, blood composition and meat quality in cross bred chicks. Seven hundred twenty one day old cross bred chicks (Hanhyup Samho) were alloted to the floor pen for early starting (0~2 weeks), starting (3~5 weeks), growing (6~8 weeks), finishing period (9~10 weeks). Dietary ME and CP were 3,000, 3,100 kcal/kg, and 22% for early starting period, 19, 20, 21% for starting period, 18, 19, 20% for growing period, 17, 18, 19% for finishing period. Weight gain and feed consumption were weekly measured and feed conversion ratios were calculated. Blood and breast meat were collected at the end of experiment. Birds fed ME 3,100 kcal/kg diets improved significantly compared with others for the first two weeks (P<0.05). Feed conversion was statistically improved in CP (22)21% treatment relative to that of CP (22)20% from three to five weeks of age. No difference were found from 6 to 8 weeks of age. Weight gain and feed conversion also improved in ME 3,100 kcal/kg treatments, but feed intake decreased significantly in CP ($22{\times}21{\times}20$)19% treatment for the rest of experimental period (P<0.05). There was interaction between ME and CP for the first five weeks (P<0.05). Blood total protein showed higher in ME 3,100 kcal/kcal treatment than ME 3,000 kcal/kg (P<0.05). There were no differences in albumin, total cholesterol and glucose, but CP ($22{\times}20{\times}19$)18 treatment showed higher glucose than other treatments (P<0.05). Cooking loss, tenderness and water holding capacity were not different. However, pH was dependent on dietary ME, CP and existing the interaction between ME and CP treatments (P<0.05). As the results of this experiment, ME and CP were confirmed the 3,000 kcal/kg, 22% for the first two weeks 3,100 kcal/kg, 21% from three to five weeks of age, 3,100 kcal/kg, 18% for the growing period, 3,100 kcal/kg, 17% for the rest of period. However, further research would be required to confirm more optimum dietary nutrition for cross bred chicks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1996.06a
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• pp.93-93
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• 1996

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.449-462
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• 2023

Previously, we confirmed that Mychonastes sp. 246 methanolic extract (ME) markedly reduced the viability of BxPC-3 human pancreatic cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism ME remained unclear. Hence, we attempted to elucidate the anticancer effect of ME on BxPC-3 human pancreatic cancer cells. First, we investigated the components of ME and their cytotoxicity in normal cells. Then, we confirmed the G1 phase arrest mediated growth inhibitory effect of ME using a cell counting assay and cell cycle analysis. Moreover, we found that the migration-inhibitory effect of ME using a Transwell migration assay. Through RNA sequencing, Gene Ontology-based network analysis, and western blotting, we explored the intracellular mechanisms of ME in BxPC-3 cells. ME modulated the intracellular energy metabolism-related pathway by altering the mRNA levels of IGFBP3 and PPARGC1A in BxPC-3 cells and reduced PI3K and mTOR phosphorylation by upregulating IGFBP3 and 4E-BP1 expression. Finally, we verified that ME reduced the growth of three-dimensional (3D) pancreatic cancer spheroids. Our study demonstrates that ME suppresses pancreatic cancer proliferation through the IGFBP3-PI3K-mTOR signaling pathway. This is the first study on the anticancer effect of the ME against pancreatic cancer, suggesting therapeutic possibilities and the underlying mechanism of ME action.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.139-147
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• 2009

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of organic dietary ME and CP on performance, blood composition and meat quality of cross-bred chicks for 15 weeks. Experiments were factorially designed with 3,000, 3,050, and 3,100 kcal of ME/kg, and 21 and 22% CP for the first five weeks; 3,050, 3,100, and 3,150 kcal of ME/kg, and 19 and 20% CP for the second five weeks; and 3,100 and 3,150 kcal of ME/kg, and 17 and 18% CP for the rest of weeks. Each treatment consisted of four replicates. Weight gain increased in treatments with higher ME diets for the first five weeks, but feed intake decreased significantly as dietary ME increased (P<0.05). Feed conversion also improved in chicks fed 3,100 kcal of ME/kg diets compared with those of 3,000, and 3,050 kcal of ME/kg (P<0.05), but was not influenced by dietary protein. Weight gain and feed conversion showed similar tendency for the second five weeks to those of the first five weeks. However, feed conversion improved significantly in 3,100 and 3,150 kcal of ME /kg compared to 3,050 kcal of ME/kg (P<0.05). Dietary protein did not affect the performance at all for this period. Weight gain and feed intake tended to increase in higher ME and lower protein diets from 11 to 15 weeks of age, whereas feed conversion decreased in 3,150 kcal of ME/kg more than 3,000 kcal/kg. No difference was found by CP treatments (P<0.05). There were no interactions in performance, blood composition and meat quality between dietary ME and protein. Further studies need to describe in whole period experiments instead of periodical experiment.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.138-142
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• 1996

The transition metal carbonylate, PPN+(${\eta}^5-MeCp)Mn(CO)_2Cl^-$ undergoes a novel ligand substitution reaction with PR3 (R=Me, Et, OEt, $C_6H_5$ in THF at elevated temperatures (40 $^{\circ}C$ up to 60 $^{\circ}C)$ under the pseudo-first-order reaction conditions (usually 20-fold excess of PR3 with respect to metal carbonylate concentrations) where chloride is displaced by PR3. The reaction follows overall first order dependence on [(${\eta}^5-MeCp)Mn(CO)_2Cl^-$]; however, the negative entropy changes of activation (${\Delta}S^{\neq}$=-19.3 e.u. for $P(OEt)_3$; ${\Delta}S^{\neq}$=-16.4 e.u. for $PPh_3$) suggest the existence of the intermediate, ((η3-MeCp)Mn(CO)2(THF)Cl-, which eventually transforms to the product (${\eta}^5-MeCp)Mn(CO)_2(PR_3)$.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.21 no.4 s.55
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• pp.365-373
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• 2006

Emission of methyl bromide (MeBr) from soil was implicated in stratospheric ozone depletion. To determine multi analysis of alternatives fumigants for MeBr, this paper describes the methods of analysis in water and soil. The MeBr, methyl iodide (Mel), propargyl bromide (PBr), cis 1,3-dichloropropene (cis 1,3-D), trans 1,3-dichloropropene (trans 1,3-D) and chloropicrin(CP) are separated on the base line on GC-ECD at three column of AT+DB+DB (90m) with temperature programing of $35^{\circ}C{\rightarrow}110^{\circ}C$ on GC-ECD. The relative retention time for MeBr, Mel, PBr, cis 1,3-D, trans 1,3-D and CP is 1.0, 1.4, 2.3, 3.2, 3.6 and 3.7, respertively. The detection limit for MeBr, Mel, PBr, cis 1,3-D, trans 1,3-D and CP is 469 pg, 5 pg, 21 pg, 79 pg, 101 PE and 5pg, respectively. Recovery of MeBr Mel, PBr, cis 1,3-D, trans 1,3-D and CP in water added 150 ppm fumigants were 81%, 96%, 95%, 97%, 98% and 99%, respectively. Recovery of MeBr, MeI, PBr, cis 1, 3-D, trans 1,3-D and CP in soil added 150ppm fumigants were 56%, 84%), 85%, 81%, 87% and 88%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.808-818
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• 1994

The neutral compounds [$MCl_3L_2$(MeCN)] (M = Mo, V: L = $PPh_3$, 1/2 phda) have been prepared from the reaction of starting material $MCl_z$ (M = Mo; z = 5, M = V; z = 3) with N,P-donating ligands in acetonitrile solution. Addition of $AgClO_4$ to these neutral monomeric compounds in acetone solution were produced [$MCl_3-_nL_2(MeCN)(S)_n$]$(ClO_4)_n$ (n = 1, 2 : s = solvent). Finally treatment of bivalent cationic compound and neutral compound was formed chloride bridged dinuclear complex $[(MeCN)(L)_2ClM({\mu}-Cl)_2M'Cl(L)_2(MeCN)](ClO_4)_2$ and treatment of univalent cationic compound with half equivalent pyrazine to pyrazine bridged complex $[(MeCN)(L)_2Cl_2M({\mu}-pyz)M'Cl_2(L)_2(MeCN)](ClO_4)_2$. These complexes are characterized by elemental analysis, $^1H$, $^{13}C$ NMR, IR, Far-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.468-475
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• 2011

[ $LaMeO_3$ ](Me = Cr, Co) powders were prepared using the polymeric precursor method. The effects of the chelating agent and the polymeric additive on the synthesis of the $LaMeO_3$ perovskite were studied. The samples were synthesized using ethylene glycol (EG) as the solvent, acetyl acetone (AcAc) as the chelating agent, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the polymer additive. The thermal decomposition behavior of the precursor powder was characterized using a thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The crystallization and particle sizes of the $LaMeO_3$ powders were investigated via powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and particle size analyzer, respectively. The as-prepared precursor primarily has $LaMeO_3$ at the optimum condition, i.e. for a molar ratio of both metal-source (a : a) : EG (80a : 80a) : AcAc (8a) inclusive of 1 wt% PVP. When the as-prepared precursor was calcined at $700^{\circ}C$, only a single phase was observed to correspond with the orthorhombic structure of $LaCrO_3$ and the rhombohedral structure of $LaCoO_3$. A solid-electrolyte impedance-metric sensor device composed of $Li_{1.5}Al_{0.5}Ti_{1.5}(PO_4)_3$ as a transducer and $LaMeO_3$ as a receptor has been systematically investigated for the detection of NOx in the range of 20 to 250 ppm at $400^{\circ}C$. The sensor responses were able to divide the component between resistance and capacitance. The impedance-metric sensor for the NO showed higher sensitivity compared with $NO_2$. The responses of the impedance-metric sensor device showed dependence on each value of the NOx concentration.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.188-194
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• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of NH$_4$H$_2$PO$_4$ on pH stabilization in deep flow culture system using tap water, and to determine the optimum range of NH$_4$H$_2$PO$_4$ in culture solution. The pH of tap water is 7.5. The higher the concentration of NH$_4$H$_2$PO$_4$ was, the more the pH of nutrient solution was decreased. In NH$_4$H$_2$PO$_4$ 4/3-5/3 me/$\ell$, the pH of nutrient solution was 6-7.5 during the experiment. The highest brix(%) was obtained in NH$_4$H$_2$PO$_4$ 5/3-6/3 me/$\ell$. Leaf length, leaf width and stem-base diameter were highest in NH$_4$H$_2$PO$_4$ 2/3 me/$\ell$. The L and b＊ values were highest and the a＊ value was lowest in NH$_4$H$_2$PO$_4$ 8/3 me/$\ell$. Toxicity symptom of ammonium appeared in NH$_4$H$_2$PO$_4$ 8/3 me/$\ell$. It suggests that there was the relationship between leaf color and growth condition. It was concluded that NH$_4$H$_2$PO$_4$ 2/3 me/$\ell$ was good before harvest stage and NH$_4$H$_2$PO$_4$ 5/3-6/3 me/$\ell$ at harvest stage.