• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 2011

The nutritional properties and biological activities of leaves and stems of Gaeddongssuk (Artemisia annua L.) were investigated. Contents of moisture, crude lipid and crude protein were significantly higher in the leaves, and then ash, crude fiber and mineral were significantly higher in the stems. Contents of total phenols and flavonoids of leaves were about 2 fold higher than those of stems. Antioxidant activity was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner; also, water and ethanol extracts of leaves were stronger than those of stems. Especially, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power and tyrosinase inhibition activity were significantly higher in leaves extracts than stems extracts of Gaeddongssuk. But, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activity was higher in stem than its leaves extract. In MTT assay by human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, ethanol extracts of leaves showed the highest anticancer activity; the rates of growth inhibition were 76.26% and 52.59% on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, at the concentration of $250\;{\mu}g$/mL, respectively. In conclusion, biological activities of extracts from Gaeddongssuk were dependent on the fiber, phenolic and flavonoid content.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.161-167
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• 2006

This study was investigated to develope health promoting and high quality of mugwort noodle. Mugwort powder was extracted with water and 70% ethanol and the extracts were tested it electron donating ability (EDA), nitrite scavenging ability (NSA) and inhibitory effects on MDA cell and A549 cell. EDA at 100-1,000 ppm of water extract was ranged f개m 73% to 81% and that of ethanol extract was ranged from 74% to 92% NSA of water extract was 40% and ethanol extract was 41% at 1,000 ppm, which were the highest at pH 1.2. NSA was increased with increasing conncentration of mugwort extracts and decreasing pH. Inhibition ratio of water and ethanol extracts on MDA cell growth was 30 and 27% while that on A549 cell was 22% and 23% at 1,000 ppm, respectively. Quality characteristics of mugwort none were evaluated by their color, shelf life na sensory characteristics. Lightness (L) and redness(a) of dried noodle and cooked noodle were decreased with increasing mugwort concentration(p<0.05). The number of total viable cells and fungi in mugwort noodle was $0.5{\sim}0.7log$ cycles lower than that of contro. In sensory evaluation of dried noodles and cooked noodles, noodles with 2% mugwort powder had significant high scores in overall acceptability.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.5 s.95
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• pp.728-735
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• 2006

This study investigated the development of health promoting high quality Mumalangi Kimchi. Angelica gigas Nakai leaves (AGL) were extracted with water and 70% ethanol, and the extracts tested for their electron donating ability (EDA), nitrite scavenging ability (NSA) and inhibitory effects on MDA and A549 cells. The EDA in 100-1,000 ppm water extracts from AGL ranged from 40 to 80%, but that of the ethanol extracts ranged from 37 to 81%. The NSA increased with increasing AGLconcentration in the extracts and decreasing pH. The NSA of the 1,000 ppm water and ethanol extracts from AGL were 29 and 35%, respectively, at pH 1.2. The inhibition ratios of the water and ethanol extracts from AGL on MDA cell growth were 35 and 32%, while those on A549 cell growth were 27 and 23%, respectively, at 1,000 ppm. After sun drying radishes for 15 hours, for the preparation of Mumalangi, the water contents were higher in summer radishes (39.5%) than fall radishes (32.6%) the color of summer radish also changed to brown. During storage of Mumalangi Kimchi, with the addition of 1-3% AGL, at 20?for 4 weeks, the yeast growth was inhibited. The shelf-life of Mumalangi Kimchi was extended by the addition of AGL. In the sensory evaluation of Mumalangi Kimchi, that with the addition 2% AGL had the highest scores for color, flavor, taste, texture, after taste and overall acceptability. Mumalangi Kimchi with the addition of 2% AGL had significant high scores for both taste and overall acceptability (p.0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.671-679
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• 2016

Extracts from spinach, cabbage, and onion are known to possess various instructive characteristics, including antioxidant and anti-inflammation activities. Spinach, cabbage, and onion are consumed worldwide and represent important sources of dietary phytochemicals with proven antioxidant properties, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. Food-derived flavonoids and phenolic compounds are expected to be promising drugs for cancer. In the present study, we investigated the effects of methanol extracts of spinach, cabbage, and onion on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human gastric and breast cancer cells. Proliferation rates of AGS, MDA-MB-231, and SK-BR-3 cells were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The methanol extracts of spinach, cabbage, and onion inhibited proliferation of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining revealed that chromatin condensation significantly increased compared with the control. In the results of MTT assay and DAPI staining, onion extract was the most effective in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. To assess changes in protein expression level by onion extract, we identified Bax (pro-apoptotic), Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic), and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein by western blot analysis. The expression of Bax and cleaved-PARP increased, whereas expression of Bcl-2 was decreased compared with the control. These results suggest that spinach, cabbage, and onion extracts suppressed growth of human gastric cancer AGS, human breast cancer MDA-MB-231, and SK-BR-3 cells through induction of apoptosis. Among the extracts, onion extract had stronger anti-cancer and apoptosis induction effects than spinach and cabbage extracts. Further, onion extract more effectively induced apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells than human breast cancer cells. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine the anti-cancer effects of onion extracts in vivo. Onion extract can be developed as a chemopreventive or therapeutic agent for gastric cancer.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.171-184
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• 1999

In this paper, using statistical theory the basic concepts and the formulars of lower limit of detection were deasribed. Assuming that risks of 5% are acceptable (95% confidence level), lower limits of detection were calculated on the measuring apparatus for alpha, beta and gamma nuclides. Also, on the basis concepts of lower limit of detection, the MDA values were calculated for the radionuclides detected easily in the environment. These results make it possible to evaluate confidence limits on the radioanalytical results in the environmental sample.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2009

An analytical method of $^{99}Tc$ concentration in soil was set up and discussed considering the $^{99}Tc$ concentration in Korean soil measured with its analytical method. A selective TEVA resin was used to separate and purify the $^{99}Tc$ in the soil sample. $^{99m}Tc$ from a commercial $^{99}Mo/^{99m}Tc$ generator was used as a yield tracer for the chemical separation of $^{99}Tc$ and its problem when using $^{99m}Tc$ as a tracer was discussed. The chemical recovery yield of $^{99}Tc$ was above 70%. The optimum conditions of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry system(ICP-MS) were set up to determine the $^{99}Tc$ after the separation process. The minimum detectable activity(MDA) was 15 mBq/kg-dry in this analytical procedure. The $^{99}Tc$ concentration in soils of Jeju and Kori were measured in the rage of 33.73-89.16 mBq/kg-dry. Those values were less than those reported in other countries and seemed to be originated from atmospheric fallout.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.399-400
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• 2010

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the antioxidative effects such as the inhibition of malondialdehyde (MDA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugation reaction, inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation and the scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical, as well as antimutagenic capacities as Ames test in ethanol extracts of Agaricus bisporus. Agaricus bisporus ethanol extracts inhibited $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation and scavenged DPPH radical. The $IC_{50}$ of Agaricus bisporus ethanol extracts were 78.63 mg/assay for inhibition of MDA with BSA conjugation reaction, 4.06 mg/ assay for inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation and 1.08 mg/assay for scavenging effect on DPPH radical. So, among the methods used in this study, the most effective antioxidative capacity in ethanol extracts of Agaricus bisporus was the scavenging effect on DPPH radical. The indirect and direct antimutagenic effects of ethanol extracts of Agaricus bisporus were examined by Ames test using Salmonella Typhimurium TA98 and TA100. The inhibitory effects on direct mutagenicity mediated by sodium azide in Salmonella Typhimurium TA100 and 2-nitrofluorene in Salmonella Typhimurium TA98 were 100%. The inhibition rates on indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-anthramine were 86.09% in the Salmonella Typhimurium TA98 and 81.93% in the Salmonella Typhimurium TA100. The ethanol extracts of Agaricus bisporus showed considerable antioxidative activity and strong antimutagenic capacity.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.20 no.1 s.34
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• pp.41-46
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• 1984

Cadmium (Cd) was administered by a series of weekly intraperitoneal injections at dose of 2mg/kg in rabbits and rats. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and thromboxane $B^2(TXB_2)$ in platelet-rich plasma from Cd-poisoned animals were significantly higher than those of the control group. Furthermore, the inhibition of 6-keto-prostaglandin $F_{1{\alpha}}$, production in Cd-treated aorta ring was inversely related to the enhancement of platelet aggregation. These results suggest that Cd not only inhibits prostacyclin synthesis in the arterial endothelium, but also stimulates the platelet aggregation by enhancing thromboxane AZ production. These findings are assumed to support the evidence of an effect of Cd toxicity on the vascular wall and platelet function in raising arteriall pressure.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.121-130
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• 2023

The RGB (red, green, and blue) imagery analysis is an important remote sensing tool, which estimates the effect of environmental stress on turfgrass growth and physiology. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of continuous wear stress treatment on Zoysia japonica through RGB imagery analysis. The results of the growth measurement showed that the plant height substantially decreased, after nine hours of treatment with no considerable difference thereafter. Dry weight measurement showed a substantial difference in the morphological growth characteristics of the aerial part of the turfgrass, but none in the stolon and root zone. This could be attributed to the short period of compaction treatment. The ROS (reactive oxygen species) analysis showed that ROS rapidly increased due to wear stress treatment. The MDA content increased during the traffic process, whereas the green pixels increased and decreased repeatedly; however, overall, the trend declined but the overall trend decreased. Thus, this study confirmed that MDA was effective in reflecting the wear stress of turfgrass; however, it could through RGB image analysis.