• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.313-327
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• 2020

Purpose: Nodal downstaging after preoperative therapy for gastric cancer has been shown to impart excellent prognosis, but this has not been validated in a national cohort. The role of neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NACR) in nodal downstaging remains unclear when compared with that of neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone (NAC). Furthermore, it is unknown whether the prognostic implications of nodal downstaging differ by preoperative regimen. Materials and Methods: Using the National Cancer Database, overall survival (OS) duration was compared among natural N0 (cN0/ypN0), downstaged N0 (cN+/ypN0), and nodepositive (ypN+) gastric cancer patients treated with NACR or NAC. Factors associated with nodal downstaging were examined in a propensity score-matched cohort of cN+ patients, matched 1:1 by receipt of NACR or NAC. Results: Of 7,426 patients (natural N0 [n=1,858, 25.4%], downstaged N0 [n=1,813, 24.4%], node-positive [n=3,755, 50.4%]), 58.2% received NACR, and 41.9% received NAC. The median OS durations of downstaged N0 (5.1 years) and natural N0 (5.6 years) patients were similar to one another and longer than that of node-positive patients (2.1 years) (P<0.001). In the matched cohort of cN+ patients, more recent diagnosis (2010-2015 vs. 2004-2009) (odds ratio [OR], 2.57; P<0.001) and NACR (OR, 2.02; P<0.001) were independently associated with nodal downstaging. The 5-year OS rate of downstaged N0 patients was significantly lower after NACR (46.4%) than after NAC (57.7%) (P=0.003). Conclusions: Downstaged N0 patients have the same prognosis as natural N0 patients. Nodal downstaging occurred more frequently after NACR; however, the survival benefit of nodal downstaging after NACR may be less than that when such is achieved by NAC.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1994

We have observed the emission of $HC_3N$ J=4-3, 5-4,10-9 and 12-11 transitions toward the Sgr B2 central region in an area of $150'\times150'$ with resolutions of 16'-48'. The intensities and central velocities of line profiles show significant variations with positions. In contrast to the intensities of the low J-level transitions which gradually increase from the central source toward the outside region, the $HC_3N$ emission of the high J-level transition become stronger toward 'the central radio continuum source MD5. Systematic change in the radial velocity of each line profile occurs along north-south direction. There are a few peaks in most line profiles, and these indicate that there are multiple velocity components along the line of sight. Distributions of excitation temperature and column density which were estimated from the excitation calculations show the existence of a small $(1\times2pc),\;hot\;(T_{ex}>50K)$ core which contains two temperature peaks at-15' east and north of MD5. The column density of $HC_3N\;is\;(1-3)\times10^{14}cm^{-2}$ Column density at distant position from MD5 is larger than that in the central region. We have deduced that this 'hot-core' has a mass of 105M 0, which is about an order of magnitude larger than those obtained by previous studies.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.369-376
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• 1992

This paper dealt with plasmid DNA profile in 98 Salmonella(S) isolated from pigs and cattle sources in Taegu, Gyeongbook and Gyeongnam during the period from 1984 to 1987. Also we were studied for restriction enzyme analysis of the plasmid DNA, and mouse infection, Sereny test and normal setum resistance test in guinea pig for S typhimurium and S enteritidis harbored or cured 60 megadalton(Md) plasmid and 36 Md plasmid, respectively. Of the 13 Salmonella isolated from cattle, 7 Salmonella harbored one or more plasmids and molecular sizes of the large plasmids were 60 Md for S typhimurium and 36 Md for S enteritidis. Of the 85 Salmonella isolated from pigs, 47 Salmonella were confirmed as being one or more plasmids, and all the S typimurium stains harbored 60 Md plasmid. In enzyme digestion with 8 types of restriction endonuclease for 60 Md plasmid DNA of S typhimurium, cleavage patterns were varied to enzymes, and the DNA was segmented into 4 to 15 fragments. In restriction enzyme analysis of 36 Md plasmid DNA obtained from four strains of S. enteritidis, the DNA showed the same cleavage patterns obtained with Eco RI, Hind III and Bam H I, and was segmented into 3 to 5 fragments. In virulence for mice by measuring the 50% lethal dose ($LD_{50}$), the $LD_{50}$ values obtained for 60 Md virulence-associated plasmid harbored strains of S typhimurium and 36 Md virulence-associated plasmid of S enteritidis were up to $10^4$-fold lower than the values obtained for the plasmid-cured strains of the same serotype. Only the plasmid harbored strains were resistant to the bactericidal activity of 90% guinea pig serum, and only they gave positive responses in sereny test. We suggested that their plasmid DNA might be associated with virulence for mice.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2008

Compared to other North African countries, Tunisia has reached a significant level of fish consumption. The only relevant historical dimension of aquaculture in Tunisia are traditional lagoon management (80,000 ha of lagoon and coastal lakes) and culture of shellfish. Semi-intensive and intensive cultures are relatively new concepts in Tunisia and only recently also the public sector is involved. The Tunisian fishing industry has expanded over the last 20 years and annual catches at present are more than four times those registered in mid-fifties. Production of the year 2007 reached 105 thousand tons against 111 thousand tons during the same period of 2006 thus recording a fall of 5%. Unfavorable weather conditions mainly during the last quarter year had the effect to reduce the number of days out at sea. Exports reached 24.3 thousand tons for one value 240.5 MD against respectively 22.2 thousand tons and 234.1 thus recording MD at the end of the past year a rise of 9% in volume and from 3% in value. Commercial value such as shellfish - consequence of one regression of the production - with in parallel raises blue fish exports. The imports were stabilized in volume of 39.1 thousand tons and increased from 6% in value with respectively 67.4 MD in 2007 against 63.7 MD at the end of 2006. The importation in larger quantities of intended fish to the fattening of tuna in floating cages explains partly this rise. Nevertheless, the pay of balance import/export of produced fishing remains positive with a surplus of 173.1 MD against 170.4 MD in 2006.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.40-43
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• 1999

In order to investigate Sn substitution sites and interstitial O atoms in tin-doped indium oxide, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out. There are two kinds of cation sites in $In_2O_3$, namely b-site and d-site. NTP-MD simulations under the condition of 300 K and 0 GPa were performed with two kinds of cells substituted by Sn atoms at each site. The excess oxygen atom accompanied with Sn doping was also taken into consideration. According to the calculations of Sn potential energies in each site, it was revealed that Sn atoms were substituted for b-sites rather than for d-sites. It was also revealed that the interstitial excess oxygen atoms tend to be connected with the Sn atoms substituted for the d-sites Sn rather than for the b-site. There MD simulation results well agreed with the experimental results.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.366-372
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• 2009

This study was conducted to develop new lines expressing the characteristic of early flowering by introducing MdMADS2 gene in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura) ‘Zinba'. Transformation of chrysanthemum was conducted by Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 harboring the binary vector containing MdMADS2 controlled by double CaMV 35S promoters. Ninety three shoots were regenerated from 1,463 leaf segment explants cultured on the first selection medium (MS basal salts + 1.0 mg/L BA + 0.5 mg/L IAA + 10 mg/L kanamycin + 400 mg/L cefotaxime, pH 5.8) after co-cultivation, and 20 out of the 93 shoots rooted on the second selection medium containing 20 mg/L kanamycin and 400 mg/L cefotaxime. Many escapes (98.6%) were removed on the selection stage for rooting. Nineteen lines were confirmed as transgenic plant with transgene by PCR analysis. Six transgenic plants flowered 2-11 days earlier than non-transgenic plant without big change of phenotype, and especially, 3 (Mo-7, Mo-11, Mo-17) out of 6 transgenic lines showed a significant reduction in days to flowering compared to non-transgenic plant. Introduction and expression of MdMADS2 gene in them were confirmed by Southern and real-time PCR analyses, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 1993

The use of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia is an effective and increasingly used means of providing postoperative pain relief. Recently a non-electric, disposable and portable infusor, the Baxter $Infusor^{(R)}$, has developed. This delivers not only a continuous drug infusion but can also deliver extradoses of medication on demand. The present study examined the benefits of two kinds of analgesics for pain management in 28 patients undergoing gynecological surgery. One group, 14 patients, received i.v. meperidine 0.5 mg/kg as loading dose in the recovery room and PCA with meperidine 3 mg/kg/day for 3 days only(M group). In the other group, 14 patients, also received i.v. meperidine 0.5 mg/kg as loading dose in the recovery room and PCA meperidine 3 mg/kg/day for 3 days and droperidol 5 mg(MD group). The PCA device used was the Baxter $Infusor^{(R)}$. This unit was fitted with patient control module which had a flow rate 0.5 ml/hr and the lockout time was 15 min. Resulting from the study, the MD patients in the first and second days post-operatively, reported less pain compared with the M group. VAPS(Visual Analogue Pain Scales) values were $3.52{\pm}l.61$ vs. $2.22{\pm}0.69$, $2.38{\pm}1.12$ vs. $1.45{\pm}0.48$ and $1.93{\pm}1.65$ vs. $0.98{\pm}0.36$, respectively pertaining to M and MD groups. In conclusion, the MD group with meperidine and droperidol(mixed regimen) provided more effective postoperative analgesia than M group(meperidine only).

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.423-435
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to confirm the clinical efficacy of Gyeongok-go. Methods: Public/Publisher MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), ScienceON, Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal (KTKP), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for randomized controlled clinical trials administering Gyeongok-go as an intervention, published from inception to December 31, 2021. The risk-of-bias of the included trials was assessed with the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials version 2. From the experimental and control groups of the selected trials, the mean value (or rate) of each outcome was extracted and statistically compared. Results: Statistically significant mean differences were in VO₂max (MD 6.82), post-exercise heart rate (MD -8.76 at 5 min, -11.58 at 30 min, -14.6 at 60 min), senescence scale (MD -6.52), Th1 cells and Th2 cells in pulmonary tuberculosis (MD 2.79 and -1.64), yin-deficient and qi-deficient score (MD -9.64 and -9.76), and phlegm-dampness score (MD 5.56). Overall risk-of-bias was 20% low risk, 80% some concerns, and 0% high risk. There were no reports of adverse events. Conclusions: Gyeongok-go is likely to have the effect of improving cardiorespiratory endurance, increasing fatigue recovery ability, reducing senescence, and enhancing immune function in tuberculosis patients. Also, it is more suitable for those who are yin-deficient or qi-deficient, and those with phlegm-dampness probably need caution.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.197-205
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• 2014

For the first time in Bangladesh, a bench scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) unit was tested in treating a textile wastewater in the industry premises of EOS Textile Mills LTD, Dhaka for three months. The performance of the unit was compared with that of the conventional activated sludge treatment plant, which is in operation in the same premises. The COD and BOD removal efficiency of the MBR unit reached to around 90% and 80% respectively in 20 days whereas the removal efficiency of the conventional treatment plant was as low as 40-50% and 38-40% respectively. The outlet COD and the BOD level for the MBR unit remained stable in spite of the fluctuation in the feed value, while the conventional effluent treatment plant (ETP) failed to keep any stabilized level. The performance of the MBR unit was much superior to that of the functional ETP and the water treated by the MBR system can meet disposal standard.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.209-224
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• 2023

This study aimed to identify the optimum level of supplementary feeds on the carcass traits and meat quality of Jamuna basin lambs. Forty selected lambs were divided into four treatments such as T₀ (no concentrate supplementation), T₁ (1% concentrate feed), T₂ (1.5% concentrate feed) and T₃ (2% concentrate feed) having ten lambs per treatment. The data were analyzed through Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with SAS software. Hot carcass, dressing percentage, head, leg, neck, loin, heart, and spleen weight were showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher values with increasing concentrate feed. The crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) and ash values were significantly increased (p < 0.001) except T₂ treatment. The ultimate pH was significantly increased except T₂ and cooked pH was significantly decreased (p < 0.001) except T₃ treatment. Drip loss and cooking loss (CL) % had significantly reduced (p < 0.001) except T₃ treatment. The water holding capacity (WHC) % was significantly increased (p < 0.001) except T₃ treatment. The score of color, juiciness and tenderness were significantly different (p < 0.001). Flavor and overall acceptability score were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in different treatments. The color values L^* and b^* had significantly changed (p < 0.001) and a^* value was found significantly higher (p < 0.05) in all treatments. Hence, 12 months of aged lambs with 1.5% concentrate feed showed better performances on carcass, nutritional, physicochemical, sensory and instrumental color values to increase the carcass and the meat quality of lambs.