• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38C권7호
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• pp.612-620
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• 2013

전 세계적인 에너지 절감 문제는 공공빌딩의 에너지 관리를 위한 주요 요소와 서비스 요구사항에 대한 연구를 요구하게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 M2M 기반의 스마트 그리드 서비스 적용 사례 및 서비스 요구사항에 대하여 연구를 수행하고자 하였다. 그 결과 에너지 관리를 위한 장치들의 운용, 네트워크, 그리고 에너지 효율화를 위한 다양한 응용 서비스에 대한 요구사항들을 프로파일 형태로 규정 하였다. 본 연구는 공공기관, 대학 및 학교, 대형 빌딩 등에서 활용 가능한 M2M 기반 스마트 그리드 시스템의 선행 연구로 제공될 수 있다.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2013

To engrave high-density circuit-line patterns in IC substrates, we applied a projection ablation technique in which a dielectric ($ZrO_2/SiO_2$) mask, a DPSS UV laser instead of an excimer laser, a refractive beam shaping optics and a galvo scanner are used. The line/space dimension of line patterns of the dielectric mask is $10{\mu}m/10{\mu}m$. Using a ${\pi}$ -shaper and a square aperture, the Gaussian beam from the laser is shaped into a square flap-top beam; and a telecentric f-${\theta}$ lens focuses it to a $115{\mu}m{\times}105{\mu}m$ flat-top beam on the mask. The galvo scanner before the f-${\theta}$ lens moves the beam across the scan area of $40mm{\times}40mm$. An 1:1 projection lens was used. Experiments showed that the widths of the engraved patterns in a buildup film ranges from $8.1{\mu}m$ to $10.2{\mu}m$ and the depths from $8.8{\mu}m$ to $11.7{\mu}m$. Results indicates that it is required to increase the projection ratio to enhance profiles of the engraved patterns.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2006

최근, 휴대폰과 PDA 등의 무선기기 사용자가 급증하고 있다. 이에 따라 지리정보, 교통안내 시스템과 같은 모니터링 및 제어 응용이 무선기기에서 활발히 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 모바일 응용 중, 모니터링 및 제어 응용인 M/VC(Model/View Controller) 응용의 신속한 작성을 지원하는 모바일 M/VC 응용 프레임워크를 소개한다. 모바일 M/VC 응용 프레임워크는 무선 통신 환경에서 클라이언트와 서버 객체의 상호작용을 자동 처리하기 위해 Java의 관찰자/피관찰자(Observer/Observable)를 확장한 모바일 관찰자/피관찰자 패턴과 관찰자/피관찰자 객체들의 조립 기능을 제공하는 Multiplexer와 Demultiplexer 클래스들을 지원한다. 개발자는 이 프레임워크를 이용하여 Observable과 MoblieObserver 클래스들로부터 필요한 객체들을 생성한 후, 이들을 Multiplexer와 Demultiplexer 객체에 구성적으로(plug-and-play식으로) 상호 연결하여 응용을 생성한다. 즉, 개발자는 무선 환경을 고려하지 않고 모바일 M/VC 응용 프레임워크가 제공하는 Multiplexer나 Demultiplexer 클래스의 객체에 모바일 관찰자/피관찰자 객체들을 조립식으로 연결함으로써 피관찰자의 상태 변화가 관찰자에게 전달되고 관찰자를 통한 사용자의 입력이 피관찰자에게 전달되어 반영되는 모바일 모니터링 및 제어 응용을 신속하게 작성할 수 있다. 또한, 모바일 M/VC 응용 프레임워크는 무선 통신 환경하의 관찰자/피관찰자 객체들과 같은 컴포넌트 재사용성을 개선한다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2017

PURPOSES : Emulsified asphalt is critical for road construction. The objective of applying asphalt emulsion as an adhesive is to prevent the phenomenon of debonding between the upper and lower layers. The quantity and veriety of bituminous material can be varied according to the type of pavement and site conditions. The objective of this study is to reveal the optimum application rates of the emulsified asphalt materials by types of tack-coats using Interface Shear Strength(ISS). METHODS : In the research, emulsified asphalt was paved on the surface of the divided mixture. The specimens of paving asphalt emulsion were utilized to evaluate the bond strength of tack-coat materials. In the evaluation process, NCHRP Report 712 was utilized to investigate the Interface Shear Strength, which reflects the bond capacity of asphalt emulsion. Then, the optimum residual application rates by tack-coat types were determined using regression analysis. RESULTS :As a consequence of squared R values investigated from 0.7 to 1 as part of the regression analysis, the tendency of predicted ISS values was compared with the results. The optimum residual application rates of AP-3, RS(C)-4, QRS-4, and BD-Coat were determined to be $0.78{\ell}/m^2$, $0.51{\ell}/m^2$, $0.53{\ell}/m^2$, and $0.73{\ell}/m^2$, respectively, utilizing 4th regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS :Based on the result of this study, it was not feasible to conclude whether higher residual application of tack-coat material leads to improved bond capacity. Rather, the shearing strength varies depending on the type of pavement.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.182-188
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• 1991

With a purpose of finding out the effects of cattle slurry applicatioin on the dry matter yield, yield component, and botanical composition in the mixed sward, a field experiment was conducted with two times and five levels of cattle slurry application. The experimental field was laid.out in a split-plot design with three replications, and lasted from September. 1986 to October, 1990 at the Livestock Experiment Station in Suweon, The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. At each harvest time, the plant growth of the plots with cattle slurry application was slightly worse when compared to dressing of mineral fertilizer. 2. Average dry matter yield for 4 years was not significantly different between the slurry application times, just after cutting, and 15 days after cutting, The DM yield in the plot with cattle slurry 30 m!/ha and mineral fertilizer(9,095 kg/ha) and with cattle slurry 60 m1/ha and mineral fertilizer(8, 987 kg/ha) were decreased by 8% and 10% than that of the plot with mineral fertilizer application(9,937 kg/ha), respectively. 3. The DM yield component of the plots with cattle slurry application just after cutting was much better when compared to manuring 15 days after cutting. And it was much better in the plot with cattle slurry 60 m"/ha and mineral fertilizer which was composed of 73.8% grasses(6.636 kg/ha). 24.6% legumes (2,207 kdha) and 1.6% weeds(144 kdha). 4. In general, the botanical composition was relatively good in the plots with slurry application just after cutting. Grassland vegetation of the plots with cattle slurry 60 m"/ha and mineral fertilizer was changed into much better botanical composition with 66.8% grasses, 30.2% legumes and 3. 1% weeds at the end of the experiment.xperiment.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.159-163
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• 2013

A new Rhodamine B hydrazide hydrazone 1 has been synthesized and investigated as a colorimetric and fluorescent "off-on" sensor for the recognition of $Cu^{2+}$ in $CH_3CN/H_2O$ (1:1, v/v, HEPES 10 mM, pH = 7.0) solution. Sensor 1 displayed highly selective, sensitive and rapid recognition behavior toward $Cu^{2+}$ among a range of biologically and environmentally important metal ions. Sensor 1 bind $Cu^{2+}$ via a 1:1 stoichiometry with an association constant of $1.92{\times}10^6\;M^{-1}$, and the detection limit is evaluated to be $7.96{\times}10^{-8}\;M$. The $Cu^{2+}$ recognition event is reversible and is barely interfered by other coexisting metal ions.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 1994년도 추계학술대회강연 및 발표대회 강연및 발표논문 초록집
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• pp.17-17
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• 1994

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.370-375
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• 1996

포승통의 미사질식양토인 간척지에서 벼 건답직파재배 가능성을 구명하고자 서안벼를 공시하고, 간이온실에서는 시용 및짚의 양과 토양수분조건을 달리 하여 파종심도별 벼의 출아율을 조사하고, 실제 포장 시험에서는 산파후 로타리 복토 유무에 따른 벼의 입모 및 수량성의 차리를 비교 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 볏짚 처리(특히, 4ton, 6ton/ha)가 무처리보다 출아율이 높았다. 2. 헥타르 당 볏짚 4ton을 처리하고 파종심도가 얕을수록 출아율이 높았으며 초장도 현저히 커졌다. 3. 토양수분의 적습조건은 과습조건보다 출아율이 높았으며, 초장은 적습조건에서 파종심도가 얕을수록 커졌다. 4. 산파후 로타리 복토유무별 입모수는 로타리무복토(73개 /m$^2$)가 로타리복토(44개 /m$^2$)보다 많았다. 5. m$^2$ 당 수수는 로타리무복토가 로타리복토보다 많았고, 수량도 같은 경향을 보였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1038-1044
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• 2006

The floating island was investigated in order to make a purification of lake water quality with the uptake of nutrients, the prevention of algae growth and the supply of habitat for aquatic plants. Although the concentrations of organics and nutrients inside facility were shown higher than outside, the quantitative analysis was not attainable. Nitrogen uptakes by Cattail, Phragmites japonica, Reed and Wild rice were shown 48.2, 98.0, 111.1 and $72.0g/m^2{\cdot}year$, respectively, and in the case of phosphorus they were 3.2, 8.3, 6.1 and $4.6g/m^2{\cdot}year$, respectively. Considering total floating areas of $2,560m^2$, the nitrogen uptake is totally estimated to $210.7kg/m^2{\cdot}year$ and $14.2kg/m^2{\cdot}year$ for the phosphorus uptake. In order to promote the spread of floating island, the selection of aquatic plants, the control of growth rate properly and the method of quantitative analysis for the purification of water quality and the application to the stream water should be thoroughly surveyed from all angles prior to the application.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.19-23
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• 2014

To directly engrave circuit-line patterns as wide as $6{\mu}m$ in a buildup film to be used as an IC substrate, we applied a projection ablation technique in which an 8 inch dielectric ($ZrO_2/SiO_2$) mask, a DPSS 355nm laser instead of an excimer laser, a ${\pi}$-shaper and a galvo scanner are used. With the ${\pi}$-shaper and a square aperture, the Gaussian beam from the laser is shaped into a square flap-top beam. The galvo scanner before the $f-{\theta}$ lens moves the flat-top beam ($115{\mu}m{\times}105{\mu}m$) across the 8 inch dielectric mask whose patterned area is $120mm{\times}120mm$. Based on the results of the previous research by the authors, the projection ratio was set at 3:1. Experiments showed that the average width and depth of the engraved patterns are $5.41{\mu}m$ and $7.30{\mu}m$, respectively.