• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.329-334
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• 2016

The inhibitory effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), one of the antioxidants in green tea (Camellia sinensis), against Salmonella Enteritidis was evaluated in commercial braised quail eggs at two temperatures (4 and $25^{\circ}C$). Although S. Enteritidis was dose-dependently suppressed by EGCG in pure culture at $25^{\circ}C$, it was not inhibited in the sauce or eggs at this temperature. At low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$), S. Enteritidis was inhibited in both the sauce and eggs by $400{\mu}g/mL$ EGCG. Thus, EGCG at an appropriate concentration could be a useful food additive for inhibiting S. Enteritidis in braised quail eggs at low temperatures.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.129-135
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• 1997

Morphogenetic responses were investigated by culturing embryo and leaf explants of Korean wild type tea plant, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze. Induction of direct somatic embryogenesis as well as adventitious and/or axillary shoots was obtained from mature zygotic embryo cultures on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium having 5 to $20\mu\textrm{M}$cytokinin a lone. Morphogenetic response was decreased dramatically by the addition of auxins tested. One hundred percent of induced and isolated shoots formed roots after four weeks of culture on half-strength MS or quarter-strength Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) media supplemented with $10\mu\textrm{M}$indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Immature zygotic embryos were shown to be a suitable explant for embryogenic callus formation in the presence of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2, 4-D) in basal medium. Mature zygotic embryo originated leaves were used to test their ability for mophogenesis by incorporating plant growth regulators such as IBA, naphthyl-1-acetic acid (NAA), and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Apparently, the morphogenetic responses of the cultured explant sources on the types and/or levels of plant growth regulators tested were observed visually.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2010

This study was carried out to analyze the vegetation and soil characteristic, and ordination between Calanthe discolor and C. sieboldii population, Jeju Island. The C. discolor population was classified into Cryptomeria japonica dominant population, Miscanthus sinensis dominant population, and C. discolor typical population. The C. discolor population was located in elevation of 156m to 430m, and C. sieboldii was located in elevation of 424m to 604m in Jeju Island. In the study sites, soil organic matter, nitrogen, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, cation exchange capacity, and soil pH were 30.05~53.58%, 0.74~1.64%, 0.80~1.95cmol$^+$/kg, 4.35~22.53cmol$^+$/kg, 4.00~6.63cmol$^+$/kg, 25.60~51.33cmol$^+$/kg, and 4.83~5.70, respectively. C. discolor population was found in the low elevation and steep sloped area that has less organic matter, total nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity than C. sieboldii population. C. discolor typical population was found in the high elevation area that has more organic matter and total nitrogen in the C. discolor. Miscanthus sinensis dominant population was found in the shade of west direction of japanese black pine. C. sieboldii was found in a high elevation and a gentle sloped area that has high percentage organic matter, total nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.57-61
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• 2006

Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) is known to be as a negative feedback regulator in Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling. Highly conserved SOCS box domain was cloned from a Korean malaria vector, Anopheles sinensis. Sequence analysis indicates that it has identity to Anopheles gambiae (96%), Aedes aegypti (94%), Drosophila melanogaster (78%), Mus musculus (72%) and Homo sapiens (72%), respectively. Tissue specificity RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression level of AsSOCS transcript was high at abdomen, midgut, and ovary, whereas developmental expression patterns showed that the level of AsSOCS was high at egg, early pupae, and adult female. On the other hand, RT-PCR analysis after bacterial challenge showed that SOCS mRNA was strongly induced in larvae. In addition, it was also induced by various immune elicitors such as lipoteicoic acid, CpG-DNA, and laminarin. It seems that AsSOCS, repressor of JAK-STAT pathway, is highly conserved in mosquito, and may play an important role in mosquito innate immune response.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.197-208
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• 2004

Five commercially valuable Korean Veneroid, Protothaca jedoensis, Ruditapes philippinarum, Saxidomus purpuratus, Cyclina sinensis and Meretrix lusoria were recognized by comparing internal and external morphological characters. As length of the primary tooth was directly grown proportional to shell size but all other characters were not measured according to size of shell. Hence, the morphological characters of these Veneroids may be estimated from the size of the unique primary tooth and it might be enough to be a good criterion for identification of species among Veneriods. Numerical index of hinge plate length of these species was assessed systematically, irrespective of measuring the length, height and width of the shell. The highest internal and external morphological similarity was observed between P. jedoensis and R. philippinarum and the lowest similarity was observed between P. jedoensis and M. lusoria. These similarities may be affected by multiple environmental factors as well as genetic characters. For artificial seed production of P. jedoensis, R. philppinarum, a closest relative among the five species, must be focussed.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.273-281
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• 2019

The infection status of digenetic trematode metacercariae (DTM) was investigated in fishes from 2 representative visiting sites of migratory birds in Gyeongsangnam-do, the Republic of Korea (Korea). A totaly 220 freshwater fishes (7 species) were collected from Junam-jeosuji (reservoir), and 127 fishes (7 species) were also collected from Woopo-neup (swamp) in June and October 2017. As the control group, total 312 fish (22 spp.) from Yangcheon in Sancheong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do were also collected in June and October 2017. All fishes collected in 3 sites were examined with the artificial digestion method. In the fishes from Junam-jeosuji, more than 4 species, i.e., Clonorchis sinensis, Echinostoma spp., Diplostomum spp. and Cyathocotyle orientalis, of DTM were detected and their endemicy was very low, 0.70. More than 6 species, i.e., C. sinensis, Echinostoma spp., Metorchis orientalis, Clinostomum complanatum, Diplostomum spp. and C. orientalis, of DTM were found in the fishes from Woopo-neup, and their endemicy was low, 5.16. In the fishes from Yangcheon, more than 8 species, i.e., C. sinensis, Metagonimus spp., Centrocestus armatus, C. complanatum, C. orientalis, M. orientalis, Echinostoma spp., and Diplostomum spp., of DTM were detected, and their endemicity was relatively high, 95.48. The percentages of avian trematode metacercariae (ATM) were 99.6% and 94.7% in fishes from Junam-jeosuji and Woopo-neup whereas it was 74.1% in the control site, Yangcheon. The above findings suggested that migratory birds partly affect in endemicity of DTM in the fish in the 2 visiting sites in Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.187-192
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• 1983

In order to clarify infestation Pattern for the encysted larvae of digenetic trematodes from fresh-water fishes, this survey was carried out from March to September, 1983. A total of 380 fishes of 32 species wore collected with netting at the three reaches, upper, middle and lower in Mangyeong riverside area. After the fishes were dissected into small scraps, they were pressed under cover glass and examined-for the presence of those of digenetic trematodes with a microscope. The resillts obtailled were as follows; Out of a total of 380 knishes inspected, 320 fishes(84%) from 31 species were found positive with, digenetic trematode metacercariae; more than 10 species of the metacercariae Ivere detected in Pseuderasbora parva; .Gnnthepegen mtajimae, Microphysogokio yaluensis, Cultriculus eigenmanni and Gnnthopogon coreanus (more than 8 species) ; Aphyocypris chinensis (8 species) and etc. respectively. Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae were found positive from 93 fishes (25%) from 12 species and detection rates in other species of digenetic trematode metacercariae from various fishes were; Exorchis oviformis, 261 fisles (57%) from 28 species; Cyathocotyle criensalis, 47 fishcs (12%) from 12 species; Metorchis orientalis, 21 fishes (6%) from 12 species; Metagonimus yokogawai, 164 fishes (43%) from 26 species; Pseudesorchis major, 71 fishes (19%) from 18 species; Metacercaria haiegawai, 77 fishes (20%) from 25 species; Centrocestus armatus, 24 fishes (6%) from 7 species; Echinochasmus japonicus, 2 fishes (0.5%) from 2 species, and unidentified species, 34 fishes (9%) from 15 species respectively. The sums of average number of the encysted larvae of all species found in fish body/gram showed 83 in P.parva, Cobitis taenia (74.2), A. chinensis (28.5), Pseudoperilampus uyekii (26.6), G. majimae (19.6) and etc. respectively and the average peak number of each metacercaria in fish body/gram showed 21.7 C. sinensis, 245. ovifcrmis, 15, 3 M, crientalis and 6.1 5. japonicus in P. parva. 42.7 C. orientalis and 25.1 M. yohogawai in C. taenia; 8.3 C. armatus and 8.3 M. hasegawai in P. uyekii. 6.3 P. major in Carassius carassius, and 2.9 unidentified species in G, niajimae respectively.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.236-244
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• 1986

This study was carried out for appreciable information on the proper habitats and feeding modes of some dominant polychaetes in the continental shelf of the East Sea during April, 1985. Among 95 polychaete species, we select ed 9 dominant species in terms of their occurring frequency, abundance and population density. These are Terebellides stroemi, Chaetozone setosa, Magelona japonica, Ampharete arctica, Aglaophamus sinensis, Nothria holobranchiata, Lumbrineris japonica, Myriochele gracilis, Notoproctus pacificus. Major food item s of these species are centric diatoms and detritus. The feeding modes of the the m are mainly surtace or subsurface deposit feeding, though two specters, M.holobranchiata and L. japonica, could be assumed to be potential carnivores. To a certain degree, most deposit feeders in the coarse sediments showed selectivity in feeding and tube building. The feeding mode, gut content and the tube structure, and the distribution pattern of dominant polychaetes correspond well with the habitat tharacters, e.g.the bottom topography, the source of food and the sediment composition.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.108-112
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• 2005

Antimicrobial and antitumor activities of Camellia sinensis L seed extracts were investigated. Seed extracts showed antifungal activities against Candida albicans IFO 1594 and Cryptococcus neoformans. Inhibition zone of 20 mm was shown by 70% ethanol extract against C. albicans IFO 1594 at 100 mg/mL. Antifungal activity of seed extract was not decreased by heating at 80 and $100^{\circ}C$ for 30 min or at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15 min, indicating heat-stability of seed component. Growth-inhibitory effects were observed in 70 and 10% of tumor cell line SK-OV-3 and normal ceil line NIH/3T3 at $50{\mu}g/mL$, respectively.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 1992

A total of 197 fecal specimens was prepared for quantitative examination of helminth eggs by modified Kato's cellophane thick smear (M.C.T.S.) and Stoll's dilution egg counting technique (D.E,C.T.). The comparative effectiveness of two techniques was evaluated and conversion function was deduced. The average time required for the microscopic examination on one slide by M.C.T.S. was 12.6 minutes and that of D.E.C.T. was 14.6 minutes. M.C.T.S. showed lower false negative rate than D.E.C.T in light worm burden cases. Functions to convert the counts obtained by M.C.T.S. to E.P.G. by Stoll's dilution egg counting technique were $47.86{\times}10^{0.87{\;}logM.C.T.S.},{\;}$ in A. lumbricoides, $41.69{\times}10^{0.82{\;}logM.C.T.S.}$ in T. trichiura and $63.10{\times}10^{0.85{\;}logM.C.T.S.}$ in C. sinensis. It was suggested M.C.T.S. be better than D.E.C.T. for the quantitative examination of intestinal helminthiases such as A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, and C. sinensis infections even in the cases with low worm burden.