• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.207.1-207.1
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• 2012

One of the key aspects of the upcoming Ultra-Fast Observatory (UFFO) Pathfinder for Gamma-Ray Bursts(GRBs) identification will be the UFFO Burst Alert & Trigger Telescope(UBAT), based on a novel space telescope technique. The UBAT consists of coded mask, hopper, and detector module(DM). The UBAT DM consists of YSO crystal arrays, multi-anode photo mulipliers, and readout electronics. We will present the design and construction of the UBAT DM, and the response of the UBAT DM to X-ray sources.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.361-369
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to make porous oxide film on the surfaces of pure Ti through anodic spark discharge in electrolytic solution containing calcium and phosphate ions, to improve osseointergration by treating fluoride agent. In addition, it is to evaluate the fluoride modified effect on the surface. Commercial pure Ti plate with $20{\times}10{\times}2mm$ and Ti wire with a diameter of 1.5mm and a total length of 15mm were used. After making titanium oxide films converted by anodic spark discharge, anodizing was performed. Fluoride was spreaded to titanium laboratory plate and maintained for 30 minutes after anodizing breakdown. Fluoride ion discharge amount was measured per 24 hours after dipping titanium plate into saline (10ml) and sustaining 90rpm in a pyrostat. Some plates and wires were dipped in Hanks solutions for a month to examine biocompatibility using SEM and XRD. $TiO_2$ film formed by anodic discharge technique showed great roughness and uniform pores which were $1{\sim}3{\mu}m$ in a diameter. Roughness of the films treated with anodic discharge after blasting were higher than the turned ones(P<0.05). Rapid surface activity was observed in the samples treated with $TiF_3$ agent, which immersed in Hanks solution for 30 days. Taking the results into consideration, the fluoride modified implant with anodic discharge demonstrates that it makes uniformly porous oxide film on the surface of implant and properly increase roughness for osseointegration. The implants will achieve greater bone integration after short healing time by improving surface activity.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2012

The effect of water temperature on spawning induction, larval development, spat settling and its growth of the cockle shell, Fulvia mutica, were investigated to obtain the basic data for effective seed production. The eggs, which were randomly divided into 6 groups of water temperatures of 14, 17, 20, 23, 26 and $29^{\circ}C$, were transferred into 1 L beaker, respectively. The relationships between the water temperature and the required time (1/h, hour) by each egg developmental stage were calculated. Biological minimum water temperature and the cumulative water temperature until egg development of the veliger stage were calculated to be $0.1^{\circ}C$ and $397.3^{\circ}C$, respectively. The optimal water temperature for developmental bioassay of F. mutica was clarified to be $23^{\circ}C$. The required time for the embryo to become veliger larvae was 20 hours at $23^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1983.05a
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• pp.6.3-6
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• 1983

A total of 287 patients with foreign body in the air and food passage was treated in our unit between 1972 and 1982 and the following results were obtained : 1) The ratio between food and air passage was about 8 : 1. 2) The most common foreign bodies in the esophagus were coin (55.8%) and bone (28.5 %). Beans were the most common in the air passage (39.4%). 3) In sex distribution, there was no significant difference between male and females in the esophageal foreign bodies, but in the air passage male were prevalent (M : F = 57.9% : 42.1%). 4) In the age incidence, 61.8 % of the esophageal foreign bodies and 71 % of the foreign bodies in the air passage were under 5 Years of age. 5) The most prevalent site of Lodgement in the esophagus was the first narrowing (82.3 %). In the air passage, bronchial foreign bodies were more common and the right bronchus was the more frequent site (2 : 1). 6) In duration of lodgement, 62.2 % of esophageal foreign bodies and 55.2 % of foreign bodies in the air passage were removed within one day. 7) The most common complication of foreign bodies in the air passage was pneumonia (55.5%). 8) The removal of the foreign bodies in the air passage was performed by ventilation - bronchoscopy (84.3%). Two of 38 cases expired.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.543-549
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• 2012

To gather the basic data for increasing the utilization of Isatis tinctoria, we examined the effects of both antioxidative enzyme activity and antimicrobial activity from the extract of Isatis tinctoria. Ascorbate Peroxidase activities reveal that there is an decrease in order; ethanol extract from its stem (1601.7 Unit/mg protein), methanol extract from its leaf (1133.7 Unit/mg protein) and distilled water extract from its leaf (524.3 Unit/mg protein). Catalase activities reveal that there is an decrease in order; ethanol extract from its flower petal (177.1 Unit/mg protein), methanol extract from its leaf (120.8 Unit/mg protein) and distilled water extract from its flower petal (55.4 Unit/mg protein). Peroxidase activities reveal that there is an decrease in order; ethanol extract from its flower petal (27.1 Unit/mg protein), methanol extract from its flower petal (14.6 Unit/mg protein) and distilled water extract from its stem (10.4 Unit/mg protein). Superoxide dismutase activities reveal that there is an increase in order; distilled water extract from its root (90.8%), methanol extract from its flower petal (80.1%) and ethanol extract from its root (75.5%). Its flower extract showed a antimicrobial activity only against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, its root extract had only against Staphylococcus aureus, and its stem extract had against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, regardless of solvents. Especially, distilled water extract from its leaf showed a high antimicrobial activity against both Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli and inhibition diameters against those were 30.0 and 24.0 mm, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.374-387
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of the useful resources plants and the flora of the sand dune on South Coast and Jeju Island. The flora of sand dune on South Coast and Jeju Island was investigated from February to November in 2006. Vascular plants of this area consist of total 171 taxa; 1 forma, 18 varieties, 152 species, 130 genera, 51 families. The dominant species in the vegetations of the south coast sand dune were Calystegia soldanella, Ischaemum anthephoroides, Vitex rotundifolia, Carex pumila, Carex kobomugi. It corresponds to 11.1 % of totally 4,071 taxa appeared in Korea. Useful plants of this area were investigated 113 taxa. It corresponds to 66% of collected plants in this area under our study. Among the useful plants, there are 73 taxa of edible source, 61 taxa of medicinal source, 22 taxa of pasture source, 16 taxa of ornamental source, 7 taxa of fiber source, 1 taxa of timber source. Korean endemic plants were composed 1 taxa.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.43-48
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop an earth leakage alarm circuit breaker, equipped with a leakage alarming function (JER-E2S, ETECKOREA Co., Korea), and to analyze its characteristics. The developed mechanism is exclusively used for single-phase and 220 V circuits, with a rated current of 32 A, 20 A, 20 A (for restrooms), 16 A, etc. It satisfies all characteristics of existing earth leakage circuit breakers (ELB). If a fire current, which is a resistive leakage current (Igr), flows through an electric line, the device detects the leakage current in real time and warns against the leakage through a blinking LED lamp. Since the developed device displays a tolerance to a capacitative leakage current (Igc) that inevitably occurs in LED lamps, communication devices, etc., it ensures a stable power supply. In addition, the earth leakage alarm circuit breaker protects against power failure due to a momentary ground fault. Therefore, it can supply power without the risk of the circuit breaker malfunctioning due to a momentary ground fault caused by water droplets, leaves, etc. Moreover, with a standby power of less than 0.1 W, the developed earth leakage alarm circuit breaker exhibits a power saving performance that is 3~8 times greater than that of other ELBs. Installation of approximately 10 earth leakage alarm circuit breakers in one apartment household, with an area of 120 ㎡, can save 2~5 kWh per month. Therefore, the developed earth leakage alarm breaker not only satisfies the characteristics of existing earth leakage breakers, but also exhibits outstanding power supply quality since it has the functions of electric fire prevention and malfunction prevention. Therefore, this device can innovatively contribute to electric fire prevention.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.94-99
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• 2012

We investigated the in vitro antioxidant and antimelanogenesis effects of ethanol extracts from eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) peels. The total phenolics and chlorogenic acid in ethanol extracts were 2,465 mg/100 g and 2.08 mg/100 g, respectively. ABTS radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay, and malondialdehyde (MDA) inhibitory effect of the extracts increased in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the extracts generally showed strong UV absorption in the range of UV-B (290-320 nm). The $IC_{50}$ of mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity of ethanol extracts from eggplant peels was 870 ${\mu}g/mL$. Importantly, the melanin syntheses of B16/F10 melanoma cells were decreased by extracts in a concentration-dependent manner. Overall, these results suggest that eggplant peels can be potentially applied as a anti-melanogenic agent as well as an antioxidant resource.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.262-269
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• 2016

Subway station scales are determined by peak predictions. In this study, the purpose behind the installation of a subway is public transportation convenience and public interest, but economic validity is also important. By proving that the scale of the station is excessive with regard to the target station size for Seoul subway Line 5-8, a reasonable plan. can be sought. According to station installation standards, the area of the station under investigation here is out of the service levels by six stages (A~F), and it must be four or more levels (D). The Actual level for the B level is a two-step design. The Actual ratio for over- Peak predictions is only 17.8% on average. The results of measurements of the excess area and determination of the excessive costs were analyzed by subdividing the area and by calculating it based on the B level, finding that it is possible to provide benefits for customers only in the current design, with an area ratio of 16.3%. Given the weight, it was estimated that current conditions can meet the needs of only 18.6% of the current area. Simplifying the scale calculation method of the station, it is convenient, safe, and advantageous to move citizens only if the scale can be streamlined. Then, with a reduced initial investment, maintenance costs during the operation can be reduced.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.93-96
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• 2003

Purpose: Synthetic absorbable monofilaments offer excellent glide characteristics and cause minimal tissue trauma as a result of their smooth monofilament structure and gradual absorption within the healing tissues. For these reasons, these suture materials are commonly used in various surgical fields such as gastroenterology, urology, gynecology, and plastic surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and usefulness of a new synthetic absorbable monofilament, Glycoside-..-caprolactone-trimethylene carbonate interpolymer (GCT), in gastrointestinal anastomosis and closure. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 55 gastrointestinal anastomoses and closures using GCT $MONOSYN^{R}$, B. Braun, Germany) in 47 patients who underwent gastric surgery between December 2001 and May 2002 at Seoul National University Hospital. Patient's characteristics, operative procedure, surgeon's opinion of handling properties of GCT, and suture-related complications were analyzed. Results: There were 34 males and 13 females (M:F= 2.6:1) with an average age of 54.2 years old. Forty-five cases of gastrointestinal anastomosis (20 gastrojejunostomies and 25 jejunojejunostomies) and 10 cases of intestinal closure (7 gastrostomy closures and 3 duodenal stump closures) were performed in 41 cases of stomach cancer, three of peptic ulcer disease, two of GIST, and one MALToma. The handling properties of GCT according to the criteria of knot breaking load, knot security, and placing property were always scored with 7 to 9 points (10=excellent, 1=very poor). Two cases of postoperative complications ($3.6\%$) were noted. One was a leak of the gastrojejunostomy site which was successfully managed conservatively, and the other was a stricture of the gastrojejunostomy site which was managed by reoperation (side-to-side jejunojejunostomy). Conclusion: GCT seems to be an applicable suture material for various gastrointestinal anastomoses and closures.