• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.838-853
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the case of a patient with recurrent L858R mutation non-small-cell lung cancer with brain metastases treated with erlotinib and traditional Korean medicine after gefitinib failure. Methods: The patient was treated with erlotinib beginning in November 2021, and gamma knife surgery was performed on November 8, 2021. The dose of erlotinib was 150 mg/day every four weeks. At the same time, the patient was treated with traditional Korean medicine. Tumor size and cerebral edema were measured using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. Adverse events were evaluated using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 5.0. Results: After treatment with erlotinib and traditional Korean medicine for six months, the extent of the growing nodule in the right upper lobe decreased during the first three months and remained stable for the following three months. Peritumoral edema showed an increase three months after gamma knife surgery, but partial improvement of cerebral edema was confirmed with additional traditional Korean medicine six months after gamma knife surgery. The symptoms of discomfort and physical activity gradually improved. Conclusions: This case study suggests that the combination of EGFR-TKI and traditional Korean medicine may contribute to a reduction in tumor size and cerebral edema while improving quality of life.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2651-2654
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• 2014

Background: Lung cancer (LC) is still the primary cause of cancer deaths worldwide, and late diagnosis is a major obstacle to improving lung cancer outcomes. Recently, elevated preoperative or pretreatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) detected in peripheral blood were identified as independent prognostic factors associated with poor survival with various cancers, including colon cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and breast cancer. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether MPV, NLR and PLR could be useful inflammatory markers to differentiate lung cancer patients from healthy controls. An investigation was also made of the relationship between these markers and other prognostic factors and histopathological subgroups. Materials and Methods: Retrospectively eighty-one lung cancer patients and 81 age-sexes matched healthy subjects included into the study. Patients with hypertension, hematological and renal disease, heart failure, chronic infection, hepatic disorder and other cancer were excluded from the study. The preoperative or pretreatment blood count data was obtained from the recorded computerized database. Results: NLR and PLR values were significantly higher in the LC patients compared to the healthy subjects.( NLR: 4.42 vs 2.45 p=0.001, PLR: 245.1 vs 148.2 p=0.002) MPV values were similar in both groups (7.7 vs 7.8). No statistically significant relationship was determined between these markers (MPV, NLR and PLR) and histopathological subgroups and TNM stages. Conclusions: NLR and PLR can be useful biomarkers in LC patients before treatment. Larger prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 1968

A clinical investigation was reported on 17 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax requiring surgical mana-gement. Males outnumbered females 15:2. Determination of the etiology in this series showed that the majority were pulmonary tuberculosis and paragonimiasis. Several others had pneumonia, lung abscess, cyst and blebs. It is of particular interest that the acute inflammation of respiratory system was younger age group, pulmonary tuberculosis & paragonimiasis were between 2 nd and 3 rd decades, and lung abscess, cyst, blebs were above 4 th decade. Pulmonary tuberculosis was far advanced bilateral and active. The ratio of right to left side was 13:6 and both side involved in 2 cases. In about half cases of patients, above 50%-collapsed lung associated with mediastinal shifting developed. The complications were pleural effusion and bronchopleural fistula. The former was 13 cases [76.4%] in which 3 cases combined with mixed infection, and latter was 5 cases. As the management, 11 cases were subjected to intercostal or rib resection drainage with continuous suc-tion. Among 11 drainage cases, 8 cases were successful in acute stage and 3 cases failed in chronic stage. This faiure was due to interference with re-expansion of collapsed lung for peel formation and broncho-pleural fistula. The open thoractomy was applied in 9 cases, among which primary operation were 5 cases and drainage failure were 4 cases. Among 11 cases subjected to the open thoracotomy, wedged resection was performed in 3 cases including paragonimiatic cyst, and pneumonectomy in 1 case-tuberculosis, and decortication only was performed in 2 cases in paragonimiasis. Decortication & lung resection was carried out in 2 patients among which ruptured lung abscess 1 case and ruptured multiple blebs 1 case. There was no case of death but prognosis of the tuberculosis may be poor because of far advanced bilateral and active pulmonary tuberculosis.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.152-158
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• 2017

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of different coping thicknesses and veneer ceramic cooling rates on the failure load of zirconia-ceramic crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Zirconia copings of two different thicknesses (0.5 mm or 1.5 mm; n=20 each) were fabricated from scanning 40 identical abutment models using a dental computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing system. Zirconia-ceramic crowns were completed by veneering feldspathic ceramics under different cooling rates (conventional or slow, n=20 each), resulting in 4 different groups (CONV05, SLOW05, CONV15, SLOW15; n=10 per group). Each crown was cemented on the abutment. 300,000 cycles of a 50-N load and thermocycling were applied on the crown, and then, a monotonic load was applied on each crown until failure. The mean failure loads were evaluated with two-way analysis of variance (P=.05). RESULTS. No cohesive or adhesive failure was observed after fatigue loading with thermocycling. Among the 4 groups, SLOW15 group (slow cooling and 1.5 mm chipping thickness) resulted in a significantly greater mean failure load than the other groups (P<.001). Coping fractures were only observed in SLOW15 group. CONCLUSION. The failure load of zirconia-ceramic crowns was significantly influenced by cooling rate as well as coping thickness. Under conventional cooling conditions, the mean failure load was not influenced by the coping thickness; however, under slow cooling conditions, the mean failure load was significantly influenced by the coping thickness.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.105-113
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• 1996

목적 : 국한성 소세포폐암에 대한 임상적 특성, 방사선치료에 의한 국소관해율과 생존율 그리고 재발양상 등을 분석하여 향후 보다 나은 치료법을 모색하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 1986년 2월부터 1992년 12월까지 국립의료원 치료방사선과에서 국한성병기의 소세포폐암으로 진단되어 방사선치료 및 화학치료의 병용요법으로 치료한 26예의 환자를 대상으로 후향적으로 치료성적을 분석하였다. 대부분의 방사선치료환자(전체 환자의 $75\%$)들은 4,000-5,500cGy 범위에서 조사받았다. 환자에 대한 추적율은 $81\%$였으며 생존율은 Kaplan-Meler법으로 분석하였다. 결과 : 전체 환자의 중앙생존기간은 12개월이었고 1년 및 2년생존율은 각각 $65.3\%$와 $15.4\%$였다. 방사선치료후 완전관해율은 $50\%$, 부분관해율은 $23\%$였으며 중앙생존기간은 각각 15개월 및 11개월이었다. 유도 항암제요법후 부분관해 이상의 관해율은 $54\%$였으나 방사선치료를 추가하므로써 부분관해 이상의 관해율이 $73\%$로 향상되였다. 치료에 대한 반응의 정도에 따라서 환자의 중앙생존기간의 차이를 보여 완전관해군은 15개월, 부분관해군은 11개월, 무반응군은 10개월이었다. 방사선 선량에 따른 반응율은 4,000cGy 이하에서는 $66\%$, 4,000-5,000cGy 에서는 $69\%$, 5,000cGy 이상은 $86\%$였다. 치료실패는 전체 환자의 $81\%$인 21예에서 관찰되었으며 국소재발은 9예, 국소재발 및 원격전이를 보인 군은 3예, 원격전이만 보인 군은 9예였다. 결론 : 국한성병기의 소세포폐암을 유도항암제요법으로 치료한 결과 반응율이 $54\%$에 불과 하였으나 방사선치료를 추가하므로써 국소반응율을 $73\%$로 향상시킬 수 있었다. 그러나 향후 보다 높은 국소제어율을 얻기 위해서는 방사선 조사선량을 5,000cGy 이상으로 증가시킬 필요가 있으며 치료실패의 원인인 국소재발 및 원격전이를 방지하기 위해서는 보다 반응이 좋은 복합화학치료가 필요하다. 최근 국소병변의 완전관해율과 생존율을 높이기 위해서 활발히 시행하고 있는 방사선치료 및 약물요법(concurrent chemoradlotherapy)을 동시에 시행하는 치료법을 본원에서는 추후에 시도할 예정이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권2호
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• pp.177-181
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• 2012

Activated charcoal is an inert substance and it is used in standard therapy in patients with acute intoxication. Charcoal has some side effects such as pulmonary aspiration, gastrointestinal complications, and electrolyte abnormalities. Although aspiration of charcoal is a rare complication, it can cause fatal sequelae. We report a 69-year old man who developed acute respiratory failure associated with charcoal aspiration after management of glyphosate poisoning. The patient was drowsy and suffered severe vomiting during transport to our hospital. On arrival, acute respiratory failure was observed due to charcoal aspiration, but the clinical state was improved with repeated bronchoscopy with a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). We presumed that the aspirated charcoal was an important factor in evoking a lung injury. Early bronchoscopy with a BAL might be an effective method for eliminating charcoal from the lung, especially in the case of a large amount of aspiration, and be helpful in decreasing respiratory failure due to charcoal aspiration.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.672-674
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• 2002

확장성 심근병증과 말기 심부전으로 진단된 40세 남자환자가 1997년 7월 좌심실 축소술(partial left ventriculectomy)을 시행하고 18개월 후 1999년 1월 심장 이식술을 시행하였다 좌심실 축소술 시행후 3개월에 시행한 심초음파 소견상 좌심실 구출율은 26%에서 42.6%로 증가하였고, 확장기 좌심실크기는 71 mm에서 45mm로 감소하여 심초음파로 측정한 심박출량 및 심박출지수는 각각 3.95 L/min, 2.28 L/min/m$^2$이었다. 술 후 11개월뒤 심초음파상 좌심실 크기가 56/51 mm(확장기/수축기 직경)로 증가하고 좌심실 구출율은 17%로 감소하여 약물을 더 증량하고 18개월째에 공여심장이 제공되어 심장이식을 시행하였다. 1, 3, 6개월만에 3회 시행한 심근 조직검사상 ISHLT(International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation) 분류상 la로 판정됐고 현재까지 거부반응으로 인한 치료는 필요하지 않았다. 말기 심부전을 동반한 확장성 심근병증 환자에서 심장 이식을 기다리는 동안 좌심실 축소술이 성공적인 교량역할을 했기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.191-202
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• 1984

Biological behavior and treatment results of 33 patients with Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (ACC) in the Head and Neck at Yonsei Cancer Confer for 10 years between 1971 and 1980 were retrospectively analysed. Most common, primary site was minor salivary glands such as maxillary sinus, nasal cavity and base of tongue. The typical biological behavior of these tumors was very slowly in growth with long time of duration(mean 19 months) from 1 month to 10 years and more frequent of nerve invasion but rare invasion of neck nodes. Local control and failure pattern in the results of treatment, 16 of 17 patients with irradiation alone were seen complete or partial response but 5 cases of locoregional recurrence, 2 cases of failure of neck node and 4 cases of distant metastasis as lung and brain. On the other hand, among 10 cases of surgery and postoperative irradiation, 2 cases of locoregional failure and 3 cases of distant metastasis as lung and bone. 2 of 4 cases with surgery alone were recurred within primary site. Actuarial overall NED survival at 3 ana 10 years were $52.6\%$ and $42.8\%$, respectively. Survival rate of 10 Patients with surgery and Postoperative irradiation was more high than 17 Patients of radiation alone. Therefore, we have known that surgery with postoperative adjunctive irradiation is most effective treatment modality of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the head and neck. Primary site, treatment modality and with or without nerve ana bone invasion have influenced on prognosis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.548-554
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• 1995

연구배경: 심인성 폐부종은 임상실험이나 동물실험에서 비특이적 기도과민 반응을 증가시킨다는 많은 보고가 있다. 또한 만성 신부전 환자는 혈관밖 폐수분 증가에 의하여 무증상에서 명확한 폐부종까지 다양한 임상 양상을 보이고 있다. 여러 보고에 의하면 만성 산부전 환자에서 혈관 밖 폐수분 증가로 폐활량이 감소하며 혈액투석 후는 폐 간질성 부종의 감소 혹은 소설로 폐활량이 호전 된다고 한다. 그런데, 이 폐 간질성 부종이 비특이적 기관지 과민 반응을 야기하는 한 기전으로 생각하고 있다. 그래서 연구자들은 만성신부전 환자에서 폐간질성 부종에 의하여 기관지 반응이 증가되는지 여부를 알기 위하여 본 실험을 시행하였다. 방법: 다른 동반질환이 없는, 1주에 3번씩 혈액투석을 하고 있는 18명의 만성신부전 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 이 환자들은 혈액투석전 폐기능 검사와 메타코린 기관지 유발검사를 하였고, 기관지 과민반응을 나타낸 환자는 혈액투석후 폐기능검사와 메타코린 기관지 유발 검사를 반복 시행하였다. 결과: 1) 18명중 12명에서 혈액투석전 메타코린 기관지 수축 유발검사에서 양성 반응을 하였고(66.7%), 이 기관지 과민반응은 혈액투석후 감소되었다. 2) 폐기능은 혈액투석후 호전되었고, 혈액투석 전후 $FEV_1$ 변화와 체중 변화는 유의한 상관 관계가 있었다(r=-0.62, p<0.01). 3) $PD_{20}$와 $FEF_{25}$ 사이에도 유의한 상관관계가 있었다(r=0.59, p<0.05). 결론: 만성 신부전 환자에서 관찰된 폐기능 저하와, 기관지 과민성 반응은 폐 간질성이 부종에 의할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.123-133
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• 1989

A clinical evaluation was done on 182 cases of chest trauma which experienced at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, National Medical Center, from Sep. 1980 to Dec. 1987. 1] Of 182 cases, 125 cases resulted from non-penetrating chest trauma and 57 cases from penetrating wound. 2] The ratio of male to female was 4.87:1, and age groups between 3rd and 6th decade were 71.9%. 3] The most common causes of chest trauma were traffic accident in non-penetrating and stab wound by knife in penetrating cases. 4] Left thorax was the preferred site of chest injury. 5] The incidences of hemothorax, pneumothorax, and hemopneumothorax were 69.6% in non-penetrating and 91% in penetrating. 6] Rib fractures between 4th rib and 8th rib were 68.8% of total rib fracture cases and left side was preferred site. 7] Methods of treatment were conservative management in 24.7%, closed thoracostomy in 54.9%, open thoracotomy in 14.3%, and etc. 8] The incidence of complications, were 11.5% of total cases, and they were atelectasis [8 cases], empyema [3 cases], pneumonia [3 cases], acute renal failure [2 cases], lung abscess [1 case], and etc. 9] The overall mortality was 6%, and causes of death were hypovolemic shock, renal failure, hepatic failure, respiratory failure, septic shock, and etc.