• Title/Summary/Keyword: Lung Nodule

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Accumulation of Ga-67 in Metastatic Pulmonary Nodules from a Moderately Differentiated Adenocarcinoma of the Rectum (직장의 중등도 분화성 선암으로부터 전이된 폐결절에서의 Ga-67 섭취)

  • Lim, Seok-Tae;Sohn, Myung-Hee
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.140-142
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    • 2002
  • A 67-year-old woman who had undergone anterior resection for a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum and wedge resection for liver metastasis presented with hematogenous lung metastasis. Metastatic pulmonary nodules in both lung fields were shown on plain chest radiograph and CT. Ga-67 SPECT images revealed accumulation of radioactivity corresponding to the pulmonary nodules. The authors present an unusual case of accumulation of Ga-67 in metastatic pulmonary nodules in a patient with a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum.

Pulmonary Malakoplakia Associated with Peripheral Cysts in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report

  • Correa, Liana Ferreira;Silva, Thiago Krieger Bento da;Camarg, Spencer Marcantonio;Furian, Bianca Canela
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.55 no.5
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    • pp.422-424
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    • 2022
  • Pulmonary malakoplakia is a rare lung lesion more frequently found in immunocompromised patients than in immunocompetent individuals. In this study, we report the challenging case of a young immunocompetent patient with an irregular pulmonary nodule with peripheral cysts who, after undergoing surgery, was diagnosed with malakoplakia. Due to the rarity of the disease and the similarity of this condition to malignant neoplasms, cytopathological or histopathological examinations are necessary for the correct diagnosis. A description of pulmonary malakoplakia with peripheral cysts has not been previously published in the literature.

A Study on Findings from Simple Chest Radiographes without Any Clinical Symptoms (임상적 증상이 없는 흉부 단순X선영상 소견에 대한 분석)

  • Kim, Ham-Gyum
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.95-104
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    • 2007
  • In this study, the analysis on findings from simple chest radiography(CXR) test with total 1,669 subjects without any special clinical symptom came to the following conclusions : 1. In terms of the general characteristics of subjects hereof, male and female group accounted for 55.2% and 44.8% respectively out of all 1,669 people. 2. Pulmonary disease cases amounted to 249 persons(14.9%) out of all subjects. 3. In the analysis on prevalence rate by age distribution, it was noted that the older age led to the more number of diseases, which was demonstrated by age 34 or younger(6.1%), age $35{\sim}39(9.7%)$, age $40{\sim}49(13.3\;%)$, and age 50 or older(30.8%). 4. In regard of pulmonary disease alone, the region of onset was represented primarily by right upper lobe, which was followed by both upper lobe and left upper lobe, respectively. 5. In terms of disease types, it was found that most cases were represented by pulmonary nodule(55.0%), which was followed by cardiomegaly(24.5%), CP angle blunting(4.8%), scoliosis(4.6%), tortuous aorta(2.8%), bronchial luminal dilatation(2.4%), and pleural thickening(2.0%). However, dextrocardia, cystic dilation of bronchus, cavitary lesion, and lung collapse accounted for relatively low rate(0.4% respectively). 6. In terms of disease types by sex, it was found that male group accounted for higher percentage of having pulmonary nodule than female group, while the latter accounted for higher percentage of having cardiomegaly, tortuous aorta and scoliosis than the former. 7. In terms of disease types by age distribution, it was noted that age 34 or younger group accounted for higher percentage of scoliosis than any other age groups, while age $40{\sim}49$ group, age $35{\sim}39$ group, and age 50 or older group represented the case of CP angle blunting, pulmonary nodule, and cardiomegaly/tortuous aorta, respectively.

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A Case with Mixed Infection of Actinomyces and Aspergillus in the Lung (폐를 침범한 방선균과 아스페르질루스의 혼합 감염 1예)

  • Lee, Suk-Sue;Yang, Sei-Hoon;Kim, Dong-Kwan;Jang, Jae-Jeong;Kim, Dong-Soon
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.45 no.4
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    • pp.870-875
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    • 1998
  • Actinomycosis is a bacterial infection that can affect virtually any site in the body. There are three major forms of actinomycosis: cervicofacial, abdominal, and thoracic. Aspergillus spp. are ubiquitous in the environment in most countries of the world. Pulmonary aspergillosis is clinically classified by aspergilloma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and invasive aspergillosis. Actinomyces and Aspergillus, each of them was often reported in case, but mixed infection of both organisms have not been reported. We experienced a case of mixed infection of Actinomyces and Aspergillus involving the same area of the lung in a 62 year-old housewife presented with hemoptysis and solitary pulmonary nodule. Percutaneous needle aspiration and later surgical resection revealed sulfur granule mixed with Aspergillus hyphae in the same lesion. We report this case with a review of the literature.

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Effects of Expert-Determined Reference Standards in Evaluating the Diagnostic Performance of a Deep Learning Model: A Malignant Lung Nodule Detection Task on Chest Radiographs

  • Jung Eun Huh; Jong Hyuk Lee;Eui Jin Hwang;Chang Min Park
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.155-165
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    • 2023
  • Objective: Little is known about the effects of using different expert-determined reference standards when evaluating the performance of deep learning-based automatic detection (DLAD) models and their added value to radiologists. We assessed the concordance of expert-determined standards with a clinical gold standard (herein, pathological confirmation) and the effects of different expert-determined reference standards on the estimates of radiologists' diagnostic performance to detect malignant pulmonary nodules on chest radiographs with and without the assistance of a DLAD model. Materials and Methods: This study included chest radiographs from 50 patients with pathologically proven lung cancer and 50 controls. Five expert-determined standards were constructed using the interpretations of 10 experts: individual judgment by the most experienced expert, majority vote, consensus judgments of two and three experts, and a latent class analysis (LCA) model. In separate reader tests, additional 10 radiologists independently interpreted the radiographs and then assisted with the DLAD model. Their diagnostic performance was estimated using the clinical gold standard and various expert-determined standards as the reference standard, and the results were compared using the t test with Bonferroni correction. Results: The LCA model (sensitivity, 72.6%; specificity, 100%) was most similar to the clinical gold standard. When expert-determined standards were used, the sensitivities of radiologists and DLAD model alone were overestimated, and their specificities were underestimated (all p-values < 0.05). DLAD assistance diminished the overestimation of sensitivity but exaggerated the underestimation of specificity (all p-values < 0.001). The DLAD model improved sensitivity and specificity to a greater extent when using the clinical gold standard than when using the expert-determined standards (all p-values < 0.001), except for sensitivity with the LCA model (p = 0.094). Conclusion: The LCA model was most similar to the clinical gold standard for malignant pulmonary nodule detection on chest radiographs. Expert-determined standards caused bias in measuring the diagnostic performance of the artificial intelligence model.

Lung and Airway Segmentation using Morphology Information and Spline Interpolation in Lung CT Image (흉부 CT 영상의 형태학적 정보 및 Spline 보간법을 이용한 폐 및 기관지 분할 알고리즘)

  • Cho, Joon-Ho;Kim, Jung-Chul
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.702-712
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    • 2013
  • In this paper, we proposed an algorithm that extracts the airway and lung without loss of information in spite of the pulmonary vessel and nodules of the chest wall in the chest CT images. We use a mask image in order to improve the performance and to save processing time of airway and lung segmentation. In the second step, by converting left and right lungs to binary image using the morphological information, we have removed the solitary pulmonary nodule to identify the value of the threshold lung and the chest wall. The last step is to connect the outer shell of the lung with cubic Spline interpolation by adding the perfect pixel and computing the distance of the removed part. Experimental results using Matlab verified that the proposed method could overcome the drawbacks of the conventional methods.

Evaluation of the Solitary Pulmonary Nodule by Spiral Computed Topography with Contrast Enhancement (고립성 폐결절의 감별에 있어서 나선형 흉부 전산화 단층촬영시 조영증강의 의의)

  • Song, Kwang Seon;Shin, Kye Chul;Yong, Suk Joong;Ryu, Jeong Seon;Kang, Sin Goo;Kim, Chong Ju;Sung, Ki Joon
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.519-526
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    • 1996
  • Background : Clinical and Radiographic studies to differentiate benign from malignant pulmonary nodules have previously focused on clinical status and the morphologic and the computed tomographic attenuation characteristics of the lung nodules. Distinctive differences in the vascularity and pathophysiology of malignant versus benign pulmonary nodules were identified. We evaluated the diagnostic method for differentiating malignant from benign solitary pulmonary nodule by contrast enhancement on the spiral CT. Method : Sixteen patients with solitary pulmonary nodule were examined(Tuberculoma 8, primary lung cancer 8). Serial thin section on the spiral CT was performed before and after(45second, 2min, 5min) the onset of the injection of 100mL of nonionic contrast material(2mL/sec). Results : There was no difference in size of nodule and pre-contrast CT number (Hounsfield unit) between benign and malignant nodules. At forty-five second after the onset of the injection, malignant neoplasms($19.6{\pm}7.9$ HU) enhanced significantly more than tuberculomas($4.9{\pm}9.4$ HU, p=0.008). At 2minute and 5 minute after, malignant neoplasms($34.0{\pm}19.2$HU, $34.0{\pm}15.4$HU) enhanced significantly more than tuberculomas ($6.7{\pm}9.7$HU, p=0.007 and $7.7{\pm}11.5$HU, p=0.011). On cut-off value 20HU(contrast enhancement) 2minute after the injection of contrast media, sensitivity was 87% and specificity was 87%. No correlation between the contrast enhancement and size of the nodules was observed. Conclusion : Studies with the use of an intravenously administered noniodinated contrast medium in examining the enhancement properties of lung nodules was performed. The contrast enhancement was useful in differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules.

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Multiple Sclerosing Hemangiomas of the Lung - A Case Report - (폐에 발생한 다발성 경화성 혈관종 수술 치험 1 례)

  • 전순호;정태열;전양빈;정원상;김영학;강정호;지행옥;홍은경;전석철
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.408-412
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    • 1999
  • Since sclerosing hemangioma of the lung was first described by Liebow and Hubbell in 1956, there have been several reports on cases occurring as a solitary nodule; however, sclerosing hemangiomas occurring as multiple nodules are extremely rare. The histogenesis of this tumor remains controversial and there are several hypotheses of the etiology. Three separate nodules were found in a 57-year-old housewife, one found in the right middle lobe, one in the apicoposterior segment of the left upper lobe, and one in the superior segment of the left lower lobe. The only symptom or sign presented was a dry cough. Apicoposterior segmentectomy of the left upper lobe and wedge resection of the superior segment of the left lower lobe were performed. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on the postoperative 15th day.

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What Should Thoracic Surgeons Consider during Surgery for Ground-Glass Nodules?: Lymph Node Dissection

  • Kim, Hong Kwan
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.54 no.5
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    • pp.342-347
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    • 2021
  • Thoracic surgeons need to be aware of several important points regarding intraoperative lymph node dissection during surgery for non-small cell lung cancer with ground-glass opacities. The first point relates to the need for lymph node dissection during sublobar resection. Since even patients undergoing sublobar resection may benefit from lymph node dissection, it should be selectively performed according to adequate indications, which require further study. Second, there seems to be no difference in postoperative morbidity between systematic sampling and systematic dissection, but the survival benefit from systematic dissection remains unclear. The results of randomized controlled trials on this topic are conflicting, and their evidence is jeopardized by a high risk of bias in terms of the study design. Therefore, further randomized controlled trials with a sound design should investigate this issue. Third, more favorable survival outcomes tend to be positively associated with the number of examined lymph nodes. Minimum requirements for the number of examined lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer should be defined in the future. Finally, lobe-specific lymph node dissection does not have a negative prognostic impact. It should not be routinely performed, but it can be recommended in selected patients with smaller, less invasive tumors. Results from an ongoing randomized controlled trial on this topic should be awaited.

Pulmonary Adenofibroma Manifesting as Two Nodules in Different Lobes of the Lung: A Case Report (서로 다른 폐엽에 두 개의 결절로 발현된 폐의 선섬유종: 증례 보고)

  • Minsu Kim;Young-A Bae;Sun-Ju Byeon;Jung-Ah Choi
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.81 no.2
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    • pp.436-441
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    • 2020
  • Pulmonary adenofibroma is a rare tumor, with a few reported cases in the literature. Radiologically, the lesion appears as a solitary pulmonary nodule in most cases, and the multiplicity of this disease entity is extremely rare. We present an unusual case of pulmonary adenofibroma in a 71-year-old woman manifested as two nodules in different lobes of the lung on CT. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations are needed to establish the definitive diagnosis of pulmonary adenofibroma.