• Title/Summary/Keyword: Lung Cancer

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Luteolin attenuates migration and invasion of lung cancer cells via suppressing focal adhesion kinase and non-receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathway

  • Masraksa, Wuttipong;Tanasawet, Supita;Hutamekalin, Pilaiwanwadee;Wongtawatchai, Tulaporn;Sukketsiri, Wanida
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.127-133
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    • 2020
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Non-small cell lung cancer is mostly recognized among other types of lung cancer with a poor prognosis by cause of chemotherapeutic resistance and increased metastasis. Luteolin has been found to decrease cell metastasis. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unresolved. The objective of this study was to examine the effect (and its mechanism) of luteolin on the migration and invasion of human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: Cell viability was investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Wound healing and transwell assays were evaluated to assess migration and invasion, respectively. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence were further performed to investigate the role of luteolin and its mechanisms of action. RESULTS: Administration with up to 40 μM luteolin showed no cytotoxic activity on lung cancer A549 cells or non-cancer MRC-5 cells. Additionally, luteolin at 20-40 μM significantly suppressed A549 cells' migration, invasion, and the formation of filopodia in a concentration-dependent manner at 24 h. This is similar with western blot analysis, which revealed diminished the phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFAK), phosphorylated non-receptor tyrosine kinase (pSrc), Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), cell division control protein 42 (Cdc42), and Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) expression levels. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our data indicate that luteolin plays a role in controlling lung cancer cells' migration and invasion via Src/FAK and its downstream Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA pathways. Luteolin might be considered a promising candidate for suppressing invasion and metastasis of lung cancer cells.

Role of Household Exposure, Dietary Habits and Glutathione S-Transferases M1, T1 Polymorphisms in Susceptibility to Lung Cancer among Women in Mizoram India

  • Phukan, Rup Kumar;Saikia, Bhaskar Jyoti;Borah, Prasanta Kumar;Zomawia, Eric;Sekhon, Gaganpreet Singh;Mahanta, Jagadish
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.7
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    • pp.3253-3260
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    • 2014
  • Background: A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the effect of household exposure, dietary habits, smoking and Glutathione S-Transferases M1, T1 polymorphisms on lung cancer among women in Mizoram, India. Materials and Methods: We selected 230 newly diagnosed primary lung cases and 460 controls from women in Mizoram. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate adjusted odds ratio (OR). Results: Exposure of cooking oil fumes (p<0.003), wood as heating source for cooking (p=0.004), kitchen inside living room (p=0.001), improper ventilated house (p=0.003), roasting of soda in kitchen (p=0.001), current smokers of tobacco (p=0.043), intake of smoked fish (p=0.006), smoked meat (p=0.001), Soda (p<0.001) and GSTM1 null genotype (p=0.003) were significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer among women in Mizoram. Significantly protective effect was observed for intake of bamboo shoots (p=<0.001) and egg (p<0.001). A clear increase in dose response gradient was observed for total cooking dish years. Risk for lung cancer tends to increase with collegial effect of indoor environmental sources (p=0.022). Significant correlation was also observed for interaction of GST polymorphisms with some of dietary habits. Conclusions: We confirmed the important role of exposure of cooking oil emission and wood smoke, intake of smoked meat, smoked fish and soda (an alkali preparation used as food additives in Mizoram) and tobacco consumption for increase risk of lung cancer among Women in Mizoram.

Increased Serum S-TRAIL Level in Newly Diagnosed Stage-IV Lung Adenocarcinoma but not Squamous Cell Carcinoma is Correlated with Age and Smoking

  • Kargi, Aysegul;Bisgin, Atil;Yalcin, Arzu Didem;Kargi, Ahmet Bulent;Sahin, Emel;Gumuslu, Saadet
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.14 no.8
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    • pp.4819-4822
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    • 2013
  • Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in the world. Many factors can protect against or facilitate its development. A TNF family member TRAIL, has a complex physiological role beyond that of merely activating the apoptotic pathway in cancer cells. Vitamin D is converted to its active form locally in the lung, and is also thought to play an important role in lung health. Our goal was to investigate the possible clinical significance of serum sTRAIL and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) levels in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Totals of 18 consecutive adenocarcinoma and 22 squamous cell carcinoma patients with stage-IV non-small cell lung cancer referred to our institute were included in this study. There were 12 men and 6 women, with ages ranging from 38 to 97 (mean 60.5) years with adenocarcinoma, and 20 men and 2 women, with ages ranging from 46 to 80 (mean 65) years with squamous cell carcinoma. Serum levels of sTRAIL and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) were measured in all samples at the time of diagnosis. Results: sTRAIL levels in NSCLC patients were higher than in the control group. Although there was no correlation between patient survival and sTRAIL levels, the highest sTRAIL levels were correlated with age and cigarette smoking in the adenocarcinoma patients. sTRAIL level in healthy individuals were correlated with serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). Conclusions: Serum sTRAIL concentrations were increased in NSCLC patients, and correlated with age and smoking history, but not with overall survival.

Overview of ALK and ROS1 Rearranged Lung Cancer

  • Choi, Chang Min
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.75 no.6
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    • pp.236-237
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    • 2013
  • Many attempts have been made to find genetic abnormalities inducing carcinogenesis after the development of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting EGFR in lung cancer. New target therapies have been already commercialized and studied along with the recent discovery of gene rearrangement involved in the carcinogenic process of non-small cell lung cancer. This study aims to investigate anplastic lymphoma kinase, c-ros oncogene 1, and receptor tyrosine kinase, in particular.

Analysis on Early Detection of Lung Cancer by PET/CT Scan

  • Wang, Huo-Qiang;Zhao, Long;Zhao, Juan;Wang, Qiang
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.16 no.6
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    • pp.2215-2217
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    • 2015
  • Background: This systemic analysis was conducted to to evaluate the application value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in early diagnosis of lung cancer. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the application value of PET/CT for patients underwent PET/CT imaging. The histological diagnosis served as the standard of truth. Results: Four clinical studies which including 1330 patients with pulmonary spaceoccupying lesions were considered eligible for inclusion. Systemic analysis suggested that, in all 1330 patients, pooled sensitivity was 98.7% (1313.2/1330) and specificity was 58.2%(276.85/476). Conclusion: This systemic analysis suggests that integrated PET/CT imaging provides high sensitivity, and reasonably high specificity, and could be applied for early diagnosis of lung cancer.

Update of Research on Drug Resistance in Small Cell Lung Cancer Chemotherapy

  • Chen, Yi-Tian;Feng, Bing;Chen, Long-Bang
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.8
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    • pp.3577-3581
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    • 2012
  • Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by a short cell doubling time, rapid progression and early occurrence of blood-borne and lymph metastasis. The malignancy is the highest of all lung cancer types. Although SCLC has a relatively good initial response to chemotherapy as well as radiotherapy, relapse or disease progression may occur quickly after the initial treatment. Drug resistance, especially multi-drug resistance, is the most important cause of failure of SCLC chemotherapy. This article provides a brief update of research on mechanisms of drug resistance in SCLC and reversal strategies.

Determining the Optimal Dose Prescription for the Planning Target Volume with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

  • Liu, Xi-Jun;Lin, Xiu-Tong;Yin, Yong;Chen, Jin-Hu;Xing, Li-Gang;Yu, Jin-Ming
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.2573-2577
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    • 2016
  • Objective: The aim of this study was to determine a method of dose prescription that minimizes normal tissue irradiation outside the planning target volume (PTV) during stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Previous research and patients with typical T1 lung tumors with peripheral lesions in the lung were selected for analysis. A PTV and several organs at risk (OARs) were constructed for the dose calculated; six treatment plans employing intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) were produced, in which the dose was prescribed to encompass the PTV, with the prescription isodose level (PIL) set at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or 95% of the isocenter dose. Additionally, four OARs around the PTV were constructed to evaluate the dose received in adjacent tissues. Results: The use of higher PILs for SBRT resulted in improved sparing of OARs, with the exception of the volume of lung treated with a lower dose. Conclusions: The use of lower PILs is likely to create significant inhomogeneity of the dose delivered to the target, which may be beneficial for the control of tumors with poor conformity indices.

A case report of a clinically diagnosed advanced lung cancer patient after treatment with Gunchilgyebok-Jung (건칠계복정으로 치료한 임상적 진행성 폐암 환자 1례)

  • Park, So jung;Kang, Hwi joong;Park, Ji hye;Cho, Chong kwan;Yoo, Hwa seung
    • Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.23-29
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    • 2015
  • Objective : This case report presents the effects of Gunchilgyebok-Jung to a patient who was clinically diagnosed with advanced lung cancer. Methods : The study involved a 74-year-old male patient clinically diagnosed with advanced (stage III) lung cancer by chest computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography. The patient had two masses (11.32 mm and $23.03mm{\times}35.34mm$) in the right upper lobe of the lung and in the mediastinum respectively. Gunchilgyebok-Jung commonly used for its anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effect is composed of Rhus verniciflua stokes and Guizhifuling wan extracts. We prescribed Gunchilgyebok-Jung at a dosage of 1 g three times a day for 50 days. Results : After the administration of Gunchilgyebok-Jung, a decrease in tumor size to 10.69 mm and $22.71mm{\times}34.21mm$ on chest CT was observed. A numerical rating scale (NRS) showed an improvement in symptoms from points 7-8 to 3-4. Conclusion : This study suggests that Gunchilgyebok-Jung may have considerable anti-tumor and immunopotentiating activity in lung cancer without any adverse effects.

Relationship between Cancer Stem Cell Marker CD133 and Cancer Germline Antigen Genes in NCI-H292 Lung Cancer Cells

  • Ko, Taek Yong;Kim, Jong In;Lee, Sang Ho
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.53 no.1
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    • pp.22-27
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    • 2020
  • Background: Previous studies have shown that lung cancer stem cells express CD133 and that certain cancer stem cells express cancer germline antigens (CGAs). The transcriptional regulation of CD133 is complicated and poorly understood. We investigated CD133 and CGA expression in a non-small cell lung cancer cell line. Methods: The expression levels of CD133 and CGAs (MAGE-6, GAGE, SSX, and TRAG-3) were measured in an NCI-H292 lung cancer cell line. The methylation status of the CD133 gene promoter region was analyzed. The expression levels and promoter methylation statuses of CD133 and CGAs were confirmed by treatment with the demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (ADC). Results: After treatment with ADC, CD133 expression was no longer detected. MAGE-6 and TRAG-3 were detected before ADC treatment, while GAGE and SSX were not detected. ADC treatment upregulated MAGE-6 and TRAG-3 expression, while GAGE expression was still undetected after treatment, and only weak SSX expression was observed. GAGE expression was not correlated with expression of CD133, while the levels of expression of MAGE-6, TRAG-3, and SSX were inversely correlated with CD133 expression. Conclusion: These results showed that CD133 expression can be regulated by methylation. Thus, the demethylation of the CD133 promoter may compromise the treatment of lung cancer by inactivating cancer stem cells and/or activating CGAs.

A Case Study of Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Multiple Brain Metastases Patient who Showed Improvement of Delirium and Performance Status (섬망 증세와 신체 활동도에 호전을 보인 뇌전이가 있는 소세포폐암 환자 1례)

  • Park, So-Ra;Lee, Soo-Min;Choi, Seong-Heon;Jung, Yee-Hong;Lee, Soo-Kyung
    • Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.400-408
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    • 2014
  • Objectives The aim of this study was to report the improvement of delirium and performance status in the small-cell lung cancer patient who had multiple brain metastases and pericardial effusion after Sasang constitutional treatment. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records, medical laboratory and image scans of 71-year-old male patient diagnosed as small-cell lung cancer. Results The small-cell lung cancer with multiple brain metastases patient sometimes talked deliriously even after the whole brain radiation therapy. During the hospitalization period, he showed delirium. We treated him with Gihwangbaekho-tang and Dojeokgangki-tang as a main therapy. After treatment, he didn't show delirium and performance status was improved. Conclusions A small-cell lung cancer with multiple brain metastases patient showed the improvement of symptoms (delirium, poor performance status, constipation and poor oral intake) with the treatment of Gihwangbaekho-tang, Yanggyuksanhwa-tang and Dojeokgangki-tang.