• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2020

목적: 양방향 내시경적 감압술(unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression, UBE)의 유용성을 증명하기 위해 수술의 임상적, 영상학적 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 요추 추간공 협착증으로 일측성 양방향 내시경적 측부 추간공 감압술(unilateral biportal endoscopic far-lateral decompression, UBEFLD)을 시행받은 20명의 환자들을 분석하였다. 임상적으로 시각통증척도(visual analogue scale, VAS), modified Macnab criteria, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), 영상학적으로 수술 전후 단순영상을 비교하여 intervertebral angle (IVA), percentage slip, disc height index (DHI), foraminal height index (FHI)를 분석하였다. 결과: VAS는 평균적으로 술 전 6.20에서 술 후 1개월 2.05, 3개월 1.75, 1년 1.45로 호전을 보였다(p<0.001). Modified Macnab criteria는 술 후 1개월 70.0%, 3개월 80.0%, 1년 85.0%의 환자들에서 good 혹은 excellent 판정을 받았다(p=0.034). ODI는 술 전 59.8%, 1개월 35.8%, 3개월 33.2%, 1년 17.1%로 호전을 보였다(p<0.001). IVA는 술 후 평균 0.40도 증가(p=0.057), percentage slip은 술 후 0.19% 증가하였다(p=0.134). DHI는 술 전 0.49에서 술 후 0.62로 증가(p=0.359), FHI 또한 술 전 0.71에서 술 후 0.79로 증가하였다(p<0.001). 결론: UBEFLD는 임상학적 및 영상학적으로 모두 만족스러운 결과를 보였으며 종래의 척추 유합술이나 현미경 추간공 성형술의 훌륭한 대체가 될 수 있음을 의미한다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권6호
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• pp.834-840
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• 2022

Objective : C-reactive protein (CRP) level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell (WBC) count are inflammatory markers used to evaluate postoperative infections. Although these markers are non-specific, understanding their normal kinetics after surgery may be helpful in the early detection of postoperative infections. To compliment the recent trend of reducing the duration of antibiotic use, this retrospective study investigated the inflammatory markers of patients who had received antibiotics within 24 hours after surgery according to the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service guidelines and compared them with those of patients who had received antibiotics for 5 days, which was proven to be non-infectious. Methods : We enrolled 74 patients, divided into two groups. Patients underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) at a single institution between 2019 and 2020. Group A included 37 patients who received antibiotics within 24 hours after the PLIF procedure, and group B comprised 37 patients who had used antibiotics for 5 days. A 1 : 1 nearest-neighbor propensity-matched analysis was used. The clinical variables included age, sex, medical history, body mass index, estimated blood loss, and operation time. Laboratory data included CRP, ESR, and WBC, which were measured preoperatively and on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, 5, and 7. Results : CRP dynamics tended to decrease after peaking on POD 3, with a similar trend in both groups. The average CRP level in group B was slightly higher than that in group A; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed operation time, number of fused levels, and estimated blood loss as significant predictors of a greater CRP peak value (r²=0.473, p<0.001) in patients. No trend (a tendency to decrease from the peak value) could be determined for ESR and WBC count on POD 7. Conclusion : Although slight differences were observed in numerical values and kinetics, sequential changes in inflammatory markers according to the duration of antibiotic administration showed similar patterns. Knowledge of CRP kinetics allows the assessment of the degree of difference between the clinical and expected values.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2019

목적: 단일 흉추 청소년기 특발성 척추 측만증의 수술적 치료로 척추경 나사못 고정술이 시행된 경우에 서로 다른 재질인 스테인레스강과 티타늄 합금 기기의 결과를 비교해 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 척추경 나사못 고정술과 선택적 흉추 유합술을 이용하여 수술을 시행하고 최소 2년 이상 추시가 가능하였던 단일 흉추 청소년기 특발성 척추 측만증 환자 141명을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 주 흉추 만곡이 40°-75°인 환자를 대상으로 하였으며, 기기의 재질에 따라 스테인레스강 기기가 사용된 경우는 S군(90명)으로, 티타늄 합금 기기가 사용된 경우는 T군(51명)으로 나누었다. S군의 강봉 직경은 7.0 mm였고 T군의 강봉 직경은 6.35 mm나 6.0 mm였다. 수술 전, 수술 직후와 술 후 2년에 촬영한 기립성 전 척추 방사선 사진을 이용하여 방사선적 측정을 시행하였다. 술 전 관상면과 시상면상 만곡의 측정값에서 두 군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결과: S군에서 술 전 51.3°±8.4°의 주 흉추 만곡은 술 후 2년에 19.0°±7.6° (63.1% 교정)로 감소되었고, 술 전 32.3°±8.4°의 요추 만곡은 술 후 2년에 12.7°±8.2° (62.9% 교정)로 감소되었다. T군에서는 술 전 49.5°±8.4°의 주 흉추 만곡과 30.3°±8.9°의 요추 만곡은 술 후 2년에 각각 18.8°±7.4° (62.2% 교정)와 11.3°±5.4° (63.3% 교정)로 감소되었다. 관상면상 만곡의 교정은 두 군 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 흉추 후만은 S군에서 술 전 16.8°±8.5°에서 술 후 2년에 24.3°±6.1°로, T군에서는 19.6°±11.2°에서 26.6°±8.5°로 증가되었다. 유합 분절수, 사용된 척추경 나사못의 개수 및 술 후 2년의 흉추 후만, 요추 전만, 관상면과 시상면 균형에도 두 군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 결론: 척추경 나사못 고정술을 이용한 단일 흉추 청소년기 특발성 척추 측만증 수술에서 스테인레스강과 티타늄 합금 기기와 강봉은 관상면과 시상면에서 의미 있는 차이 없이 비슷한 교정을 보였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.163-166
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• 2011

Objective : Both the paraspinal muscle sparing approach and percutaneous screw fixation are less traumatic procedures in comparison with the conventional midline approach. These techniques have been used with the goal of reducing muscle injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and to compare the safety and efficacy of the paraspinal muscle sparing technique and percutaneous screw fixation for the treatment of L5-S1 spondylolisthesis. Methods : Twenty patients who had undergone posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) at the L5-S1 segment for spondylolisthesis were prospectively studied. They were divided into two groups by screw fixation technique (Group I : paraspinal muscle sparing approach and Group II: percutaneous screw fixation). Clinical outcomes were assessed by Low Back Outcome Score (LBOS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for back and leg pain at different times after surgery. In addition, modified MacNab's grading criteria were used to assess subjective patients' outcomes 6 months after surgery. Postoperative midline surgical scarring, intraoperative blood loss, mean operation time, and procedure-related complications were analyzed. Results : Excellent or good results were observed in all patients in both groups 6 months after surgery. Patients in both groups showed marked improvement in terms of LBOSs all over time intervals. Postoperative midline surgical scarring and intraoperative blood loss were lower in Group II compared to Group I although these differences were not statistically significant. Low back pain (LBP) and leg pain in both groups also showed significant improvement when compared to preoperative scores. However, at 7 days and 1 month after surgery, patients in Group II had significantly better LBP scores compared to Group I. Conclusion : In terms of LBP during the early postoperative period, patients who underwent percutaneous screw fixation showed better results compared to ones who underwent screw fixation via the paraspinal muscle sparing approach. Our results indicate that the percutaneous screw fixation procedure is the preferable minimally invasive technique for reducing LBP associated with L5-S1 spondylolisthesis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.96-106
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• 2022

Objective : The most common complication of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is cage subsidence and maintenance of disc height affects postoperative clinical outcomes. We considered cage subsidence as an inappropriate indicator for evaluating preservation of disc height. Thus, this study aimed to consider patients with complications such as reduced total disc height compared to that before surgery and evaluate the relevance of several factors before ACDF. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 40 patients who underwent stand-alone single-level ACDF using a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage at our institution between January 2012 and December 2018. Our study population comprised 19 male and 21 female patients aged 24-70 years. The minimum follow-up period was 1 year. Twenty-seven patients had preoperative bone mineral density (BMD) data on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clinical parameters included sex, age, body mass index, smoking history, and prior medical history. Radiologic parameters included the C2-7 cobb angle, segmental angle, sagittal vertical axis, disc height, and total intervertebral height (TIH) at the preoperative and postoperative periods. Cage decrement was defined as the reduction in TIH at the 6-month follow-up compared to preoperative TIH. To evaluate the bone quality, Hounsfield unit (HU) value was calculated in the axial and sagittal images of conventional computed tomography. Results : Lumbar BMD values and cervical HU values were significantly correlated (r=0.733, p<0.001). We divided the patients into two groups based on cage decrement, and 47.5% of the total patients were regarded as cage decrement. There were statistically significant differences in the parameters of measuring the HU value of the vertebra and intraoperative distraction between the two groups. Using these identified factors, we performed a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Based on the ROC curve, the cut-off point was 530 at the HU value of the upper cortical and cancellous vertebrae (p=0.014; area under the curve [AUC], 0.727; sensitivity, 94.7%; specificity, 42.9%) and 22.41 at intraoperative distraction (p=0.017; AUC, 0.722; sensitivity, 85.7%; specificity, 57.9%). Using this value, we converted these parameters into a bifurcated variable and assessed the multinomial regression analysis to evaluate the risk factors for cage decrement in ACDF. Intraoperative distraction and HU value of the upper vertebral body were independent factors of postoperative subsidence. Conclusion : Insufficient intraoperative distraction and low HU value showed a strong relationship with postoperative intervertebral height reduction following single stand-alone PEEK cage ACDF.