• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.185-193
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• 2023

Objectives This study was conducted to find out the correlation between lumbar malposition and lumbar disc herniation. Methods Among the patients who visited Gwangju Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine from January 2019 to January 2021, taking 92 patients under age 60 who had the records of X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images as the research subjects, Cobb's angle was measured in anterior-posterior (AP) view and lateral (LAT) view, the number of displacements was scored by listing categories defined by The Korean Society of Chuna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves. The degree of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation was expressed as a percentage according to the method of Kato, etc., and the correlation between each factor was analyzed. Results AP curvature and MRI herniation index showed significant positive correlation in L4-L5 level but there was no significant difference in L5-S1 level. LAT curvature and MRI herniation index had no correlation in L4-L5 level, but there was a significant negative correlation in L5-S1 level. Malposition score and MRI herniation index had a significant positive correlation in L5-S1 level, whereas there was no correlation in L4-L5. Conclusions As a result of the study, AP curvature and MRI herniation index showed a significant positive tendency in L4-L5 lumbar spine, and LAT curvature and MRI herniation index showed a significant negative tendency in L5-S1 lumbar spine. Malposition score and MRI herniation index were found to have a significant positive tendency in L5-S1 lumbar spine.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.69-77
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• 2020

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to measure changes in spine inclination and thoracolumbar structure and morphology according to upper-extremity movements with and without resistance in order to evaluate the spine stability in workers. METHODS: Forty-eight middle-aged male workers (mean age, 40.48 ± 6.27 years) participated in this study. Using the spine analysis system, changes in the inclination of the spine and structure as well as shape of the thoracolumbar spine were measured. For posture measurement, the postures of standing, lifting the right and left arms (shoulder joint 90° flexion), and lifting with both arms were measured in random order. In addition, variables were measured using a resistance of 3 kg for each posture. The statistical significance level was set at α = .05 for all variables. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between the front and back inclinations of the spine, kyphotic curve of the thoracic spine, lordotic curve of the lumbar spine, rotation changes in the thoracolumbar spine, and rotation changes in the T4 vertebra (p < .05). However, there was no significant difference in the left and right tilts of the spine. In the post-hoc analysis, rotation changes in the T4 vertebra showed a significant difference in posture when resistance was applied to the left and right sides CONCLUSION: Causes of musculoskeletal diseases include excessive thoracic spine rotation, torsion, and hyperlordosis of the lumbar spine. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the working environment in order to ensure a healthy posture and prevent musculoskeletal diseases that can reduce the ability to carry various and/or excessive loads.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2008

Objectives : The object of this study is to report a clinical effect of oriental medical treatments with chuna for foot drop caused by herniated intervertbral lumbar disc. Methods : The patient was diagnosed as lumbar bulging disc, and was treated by lumbar traction technique with other conservative treatments including acupunture herbal mixture. And we measured Visual Analog Score(VAS), Modified Bathel Index(MBI), Nurick's Classification, Range of movement of ankle joint. Results : After treatments, Visual Analog Score, Modified Bathel Index, Nurick's Classification, Range of movement of ankle joint were improved in case. Conclusion : Oriental medical treatments with Chuna manual therapy were associated with improvement of foot drop by herniated intervertbral lumbar disc.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2015

Objective : $Dynesys^{(R)}$ is one of the pedicle-based dynamic lumbar stabilization systems and good clinical outcome has been reported. However, the cylindrical spacer between the heads of the screws undergoes deformation during assembly of the system. The pre-strain probably change the angle of instrumented spine with time and oblique-shaped spacer may reduce the pre-strain. We analyzed patients with single-level stabilization with $Dynesys^{(R)}$ and simulated oblique-shaped spacer with finite element (FE) model analysis. Methods : Consecutive 14 patients, who underwent surgery for single-level lumbar spinal stenosis and were followed-up more than 24 months (M : F=6 : 8; age, $58.7{\pm}8.0$ years), were analyzed. Lumbar lordosis and segmental angle at the index level were compared between preoperation and postoperative month 24. The von Mises stresses on the obliquely-cut spacer ($5^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, $25^{\circ}$, and $30^{\circ}$) were calculated under the compressive force of 400 N and 10 Nm of moment with validated FE model of the L4-5 spinal motion segment with segmental angle of $16^{\circ}$. Results : Lumbar lordosis was not changed, while segmental angle was changed significantly from $-8.1{\pm}7.2^{\circ}$ to $-5.9{\pm}6.7^{\circ}$ (p<0.01) at postoperative month 24. The maximum von Mises stresses were markedly decreased with increased angle of the spacer up to $20^{\circ}$. The stress on the spacer was uneven with cylindrical spacer but it became even with the $15^{\circ}$ oblique spacer. Conclusion : The decreased segmental lordosis may be partially related to the pre-strain of Dynesys. Further clinical and biomechanical studies are required for relevant use of the system.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.645-655
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dietary intake and bone mineral density(BMDs) in college women(n = 10), female swimmers(n = 10), and female weight lifters(n = 10). BMDs of lumbar spine(L2-L4), femoral neck, ward's triangle, and trochanter were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The results are summarized as follows. In swimmers and weight lifters, mean daily intakes of energy, protein, and fat were higher than those of college women and the intake of carbohydrate was significantly high in weight lifters. Also in swimmers and weight litters, mean daily intakes of animal flood, phosphorus, vitamin A, vitamin B$_1$, vitamin B$_2$, niacin, vitamin C, and cholesterol were found higher than those of college women but there was difference among the types of exercise. According to correlation analysis between nutrient intake and BMDs, intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrate, and vitamin B$_1$ were positively associated with BMDs of lumbar spines. According to stepwise multiple recession analysis, BMDs of lumbar spines were affected by intakes of protein, Fe, phosphorus, and vitamin B$_2$, also BMDs of femur were affected by each of vegetable protein, dietary fiber, and fe. from the above explanation, the nutrient intakes can be independent factor besides exercise. In conclusion, the weight lifting, resistant exercise, resulted in increase of both BMDs of lumbar spines and femur specially in growing and adult period of female. Whereas swimming lead to increase of BMDs of lumbar spine and decrease of BMDs of femur in female.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.25-38
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• 2012

Objectives : The present study examines the domestic trend of Chuna treatments on lumbar spinal disorder in Korea. Methods : We investigated the studies on Chuna treatments for lumbar spinal disorder via searching 10 Korean web databases. As a result, 63 research papers were found to be analyzed according to their published year, the titles of journals, the types of study, the techniques of Chuna, the instruments for assessment, the Chuna technique and the number of the treatment trials by the cases of lumbar spinal disorder and ethical approvals. Results : The number of the research papers published tends to increase every year. The studies on Chuna treatments were mainly published in The Journal of Korea CHUNA Manual Medicine for Spine & Nerves. The most frequently adopted technique of Chuna in the examined studies was Cox flexion & distraction technique. Visual analogue scale(VAS), oswestry disability questionnaire(ODI) were used as primary means of assessments. The ethical problems of the examined studies needed to be improved. Conclusion : Reviewing the domestic trend of studies on Chuna treatments for lumbar spinal disorder and examining the strong and weak points of those treatments are essential for the future studies. It is anticipated that this review benefits the future in-depth study on the treatments for Chuna in Korean medicine.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2015

Background: Epidural injections are performed utilizing 3 approaches in the lumbar spine: caudal, interlaminar, and transforaminal. The literature on the efficacy of epidural injections has been sporadic. There are few high-quality randomized trials performed under fluoroscopy in managing disc herniation that have a long-term follow-up and appropriate outcome parameters. There is also a lack of literature comparing the efficacy of these 3 approaches. Methods: This manuscript analyzes data from 3 randomized controlled trials that assessed a total of 360 patients with lumbar disc herniation. There were 120 patients per trial either receiving local anesthetic alone (60 patients) or local anesthetic with steroids (60 patients). Results: Analysis showed similar efficacy for caudal, interlaminar, and transforaminal approaches in managing chronic pain and disability from disc herniation. The analysis of caudal epidural injections showed the potential superiority of steroids compared with local anesthetic alone a 2-year follow-up, based on the average relief per procedure. In the interlaminar group, results were somewhat superior for pain relief in the steroid group at 6 months and functional status at 12 months. Interlaminar epidurals provided improvement in a significantly higher proportion of patients. The proportion of patients nonresponsive to initial injections was also lower in the group for local anesthetic with steroid in the interlaminar trial. Conclusions: The results of this assessment show significant improvement in patients suffering from chronic lumbar disc herniation with 3 lumbar epidural approaches with local anesthetic alone, or using steroids with long-term follow-up of up to 2 years, in a contemporary interventional pain management setting.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.79-89
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• 2014

Objectives : This research was to evaluate the MST effectiveness on iliopsoas muscle of herniated inter-vertebral disc in lumbar spine. Methods : This research was carried out with the 58 inpatients who received treatment for their HIVD in lumbar spine from January 1 to April 12, 2014 in Daejeon Jaseng hospital of oriental medicine. We randomly divided into two groups: Group A=common treatment on HIVD of L-spine without MST(acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herb medication, chuna treating and physiotherapy) and Group B=common treatment on HIVD of L-spine with MST. To verify the MST effect, tenderness(checked by algometer pressure), NRS(numeric rating scale), and ODI(Oswestry disability index) were measured before and after treatment. The statistically significance was evaluated by SPSS 18.0 for Windows. Results : In the Group B, the tenderness was significantly decreased compared with Group A. However, on the NRS and ODI, it did not produce the meaningful results as these two values decreased in all groups. Conclusions : From this research, when patients who were diagnosed HIVD of L-spine with iliopsoas muscles tenderness receive MST additionally, the satisfaction of patients as well as physician confidence will increase.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.117-128
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• 2004

I have processed all the data by using SPSS PC+. And my research process was investigated for 34 students on the Forward Bending Test, Foot Printer Test, Feedoscope Test, X-ray Test and so on. The object of this thesis is to study the correlation between spine deformity and foot abnormality in a theoretical and empirical method. The main results of this study were as follows: 1. There was statistical significance on the correlation between foot length and spine length. 2. Spinal curve is the smallest on the pes plannus group and the biggest on the pes cavus group without statistical significance. 3. Left lumbar curve is the smallest, and right thoracic spine curve is the biggest on the left foot pattern group with statistical significance. 4. On the foot weight bearing groups, there was statistical significance both of between left and right foot groups. 5. There was no statistical significance on the t-test analysis between left and right foot area according to spinal curve typology. But there was tendency that thoracic spine curve is bigger in the same side of the foot area and lumbar spine curve is bigger in the opposite side of foot area.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2008

Ligamentum flavum hematoma is a rare condition. Twenty cases including present case have been reported in English-language literature. Among them, only one case reported in pure thoracic spine. A 72-year-old man presented with thoracic myelopathy without precedent cause. Magnetic resonance images revealed a posterior semicircular mass which was located in T7 and T8 level compressing the spinal cord dorsally. T7-8 total laminectomy and extirpation of the mass was performed. One month later following surgery, the patient fully recovered to normal state. Pathologic result was confirmed as ligamentum flavum hematoma. Ligamentum flavum hematoma of rigid thoracic spine is a very rare disease entity. Most reported cases were confined to mobile cervical and lumbar spine. Surgeons should be aware that there seems to be another different pathogenesis other than previously reported cases of mobile cervical and lumbar spine.