• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.187-191
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of our study aimed to identify the effect of static and dynamic bridge exercise with gym ball using gym ball on muscle activation of trunk and lower-limb in healthy individuals. Methods: A total of 20 healthy adults participated in this study. The individuals performed general bridge exercise, static and dynamic bridge exercise using gym ball. During the three methods of bridge exercises, electromyography (EMG) data (% maximum voluntary isometric contraction) of the rectus abdominis, erector spinae, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius were recorded using a wireless surface EMG system. Results: Rectus abdominis activation showed significantly greater during dynamic bridge exercise compared with general bridge exercise and dynamic bridge exercise. Erector spinae, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius were greater during static and dynamic bridge exercise compared with general bridge exercise. Conclusion: Based on our results, bridge exercise using gym ball, particularly integrating lower-limb movement, could be a useful method to enhance muscle activation of trunk and lower-limb (rectus abdominis, erector spinae, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius).

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2012

This study aimed to investigate whether isometric lower limb exercise can activate contralateral trunk muscles and whether the magnitude of muscle activation is related to lower limb movement in sitting. This study included 25 healthy young subjects (20 males and 5 females). The magnitude of trunk muscle activation was measured using surface electromyography (EMG) during hip flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction, and a significant difference was observed in the activation levels of trunk muscles among the tests (p<.01). The EMG activity of the multifidus (MF) and erector spinae (ES) muscles on the contralateral side were significantly greater during hip extension. However, the activation levels of the contralateral internal oblique (IO) and rectus abdominis (RA) muscles were greatest during hip flexion. The MF : ES EMG ratio was significantly greater during hip isometric during hip isometric flexion and abduction compared to hip extension and adduction. There was no significantly difference in the IO : RA ratio during the isometric contractions toward different directions. These findings indicate that isometric lower limb exercise can elicit trunk muscle contraction on the contralateral side and may therefore be helped for developing contralateral trunk muscle strength in individuals undergoing rehabilitation.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.290-295
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of robo-horseback riding with changes of pelvic tilting and speeds on muscle activities of trunk and lower limb in healthy adults. Methods: Thirty healthy adults were recruited for this study. Subjects performed robo-horseback riding at three pelvic postures (anterior tilting pelvic posture: AP, neutral pelvic posture: NP, posterior pelvic posture: PP) and different speeds (moderate and fast speed). Muscle activities were recorded from the trunk muscles (rectus abdominis [RA], T2 paraspinalis [T2 PS], L2 paraspinalis [L2 PS]) and lower limb muscles (rectus femoris [RF], vastus medialis [VM], vastus lateralis [VL], biceps femoris [BF], gastrucnemius [GCM]). Results: Significantly higher RA activities were observed under the PP condition than under the AP and NP conditions at both speeds. Significantly higher L2 PS activities were observed under the AP condition than under the PP and NP conditions at both speeds. Significantly higher T2 PS activities were observed under the AP condition than under the PP and NP conditions at fast speed. However, the muscle activities of the VM and GCM did not show significant changes with changes in pelvic posture at both speeds. All muscle activities were significantly higher under the fast speed than under the moderate speed in three pelvic postures. Conclusion: There were significant differences in the changes of pelvic tilting on muscle activities of trunk and lower limb were observed in healthy adults. NP condition can be introduced the most efficienct posture for muscle activities of trunk and lower limb in robo-horseback riding.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study compared ankle joint exercise and thigh exercise on the isometric strength of the lower limb and balance ability. METHODS: Twenty-seven subjects were divided into ankle joint exercise (AEG, n=9), tight exercise (TEG, n=9), and control group (CON, n=9). AEG and TEG performed ankle joint and tight exercises three times a week for four weeks. The following were measured before and four weeks after each exercise: isometric strength at knee flexion and extension of the lower limb; isometric strength at ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion of the lower limb; static balance of trace length and C90 area; and the dynamic forward, backward, leftward, and rightward balance for each region. RESULTS: The results showed that the isometric strength of plantar flexion (p<.05) was increased significantly in AEG compared to those in TEG and CON. The dynamic leftward (p<.05) and rightward balance (p<.05) were increased significantly in both AEG and TEG compared to that in CON. On the other hand, the static balance of the trace length and C90 area, isometric strength of ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion and extension of the lower limb, and dynamic forward and backward balance did not show significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: Ankle joint exercise improves the isometric strength of plantar flexion compared to tight exercise.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1689-1693
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• 2005

In this case, it is considered that the cause of the lower limb Flaccidity-syndrome is the peripheral neuropathy accompanied with inflammation and in oriental medicine, it is understood that the factors such as lung fluid consumption caused by heat-evil, wetness-heat evil cause the lower limb Flaccidity-syndrome. Because the peripheral neuropathy is regarded as a neuropathy with a series of inflammation reaction producing inflammatory neuropeptides such as substance P, prostaglandin ect., in western medicine, nonsteroidal antiinflammation drug;NASID, lidocaine, capsaicine are prescribed to control this neuropathy. In the view of treatment of the lower limb weakness, Wooseul-tangkami is used to remove the wetness-heat evil and we had a electronic acupuncture on the Yangmyung channel(陽明經) selected in The Yellow Emperor's of internal Medicine and also on Panggwang channel(膀胱經) considered as painful lesion. We experineced a case of the lower limb Flaccidity-syndrome diagnosed as the peripheral neuropathy the patient was treated by wooseul-tangkami, a acupuncture on Yangmyung channel and also Panggwang channel and had a significant improvement in gait ability and the range of motion.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.648-662
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• 1993

The summarized findings resulted from experiments and investigation are suggested as follows ; The analysis of measurements on the lower limb movements : For this experimentation, data was collected from three hundred and eighty female, age 19 to 23, who answered five lower limb movements(M1~M5). The statistics show that the order of the expansion ratio is gluteal area-length/knee-girth/back-line/knee-depth/thigh-depth/hip-girth, from the highest to the lowest in all movements. When comparing the correlation coefficient of the measurements, the values of the correlation coefficient of the height and the length items are very low, but those of the girth, the breadth, and the depth items are relatively high and those of the waist and the hip items are highest. For more sophisticated analysis, the factor analysis was conducted on the lower limb movements. Four factors were classified on the factor load by the "varimax rotation" method. Each movement shows the most important factor differently, as follows ; the most important factor in M1 is "the shape factor of lower limb below hip-line", that in M2 is "the cross-sectional shape factor", that in M3 is "the size factor of abdominal and loins region", and those in M4 and M5 accord with the interpretation of M3. When the investigation of the estimated function was conducted, in the selectional case of representative items on the slacks construction, it found that it would be better to add abdomen and thigh items as important considerations to waist girth, hip girth and crotch length.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.115-128
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to observe the change of circumference, volume and strength of normal and operated lower extremities on 3rd, 7th, 10th, and 14th days of postoperation following THRA compared with their condition on preoperation day. Subjects consisted of 13 male and 7 female Patients operated with THRA between the age of 20 and 69 years with a mean age of 38.55(SD=15.1). Circumference of upper and lower leg was measured by tape, leg volume was determined according to formula (Moor & Thornton, 1987) with measurement of 8 circumferences of leg. Leg strength was measured by pressing the center of digital health meter in supine position. The results can be summarized as follows : 1. Circumference of operated thigh decreased significantly at 14 following THRA compared with preoperative value, while that of normal thigh decreased significantly at day 3, 7, 10 and 14 after THRA compared with preoperative value. 2. Circumference of midcalf in both operated and normal limb decreased significantly at day 3, 7, 10 and 14 following THRA compared with preoperative value. 3. Leg volume of operated lower limb decreased significantly at 10, 14 following THRA compared with preoperative value, while that of normal limb decreased significantly at day 7 & 10 after THRA compared with preoperative value.4. Leg strength of operated limb decreased significantly at day 3, 7, 10, 14 following THRA compared with preoperative value. No significant difference of normal leg strength was shown following THRA. 5. Circumference of midcalf differed significantly at day 14 after THRA between normal and operated extremity. From these results, it can be suggested that a decreased activity after THRA caused muscle atrophies in normal and operated extremity.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.75-89
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study measured the impact of a 12-week fall-prevention exercise program on balance, ambulatory ability, lower limb strength, and psychosocial characteristics in older adults diagnosed with dementia. METHODS: The participants comprised 31 older adults (9 men, 22 women) diagnosed with Alzheimer's or vascular dementia at a long-term care hospital located in Gunsan City. A fall-prevention exercise program was provided to the experimental group, while the control group was only provided with instruction and materials related to the fall-prevention exercise program. The participants were evaluated before the intervention, 6 weeks after the intervention, and 12 weeks after the intervention on static and dynamic balance abilities (using Timed Up and Go test: TUG, Tinetti-balance scale, one-leg standing test: OLS), gait (Tinetti-balance scale, 6-minute walk test: 6MWT), lower limb strength (sit to stand test; STS), and psychosocial characteristics (Short Form 36 Health Survey-Korean version, Korean Mini-Mental State Exam). RESULTS: An independent samples t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance were used for the statistical analysis. There were statistically significant improvements after the intervention (p<.05) in dynamic balance abilities (TUG and OLS using the left foot), gait (6MWT), and lower limb strength (STS) for the experimental group, but not for the control group. No difference was seen in psychosocial characteristics. CONCLUSION: Older adults with dementia who participated in the fall-prevention exercise program showed significant improvements in their static and dynamic balance abilities, lower limb strength, and ambulatory ability after the intervention.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of lower limb muscle activation according to the use of arm sling in normal subjects. Design: Cross-sectional Study Methods: Seven healthy subjects (6 males and 1 female, 25.42 years, 173.57 cm, 71.71 kg) were recruited on a voluntary basis. To measure the lower limb muscle activation during walking with and without arm sling, we used a wireless surface electromyography (sEMG) (FreeEMG1000, BTS Bioengineering, Milano, Italy). Six wireless sEMG electrodes were attached to the following three major muscle groups of the both side lower limb: rectus femoris, biceps femoris, medial gastrocnemius. All subjects wore arm sling on their right side during measurement. Results: In the stance phase, there was a significant increase in right side rectus femoris muscle activation in walking without arm sling compared to the walking with arm sling (p<.05). Additionally, In the stance phase, there was a significant increase in left side tibialis anterior muscle activation in walking without arm sling compared to the walking with arm sling (p<.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that there is a significant association between the arm swing restriction and lower limb muscle activation. Therefore, it seems that it can be applied as basic data for gait training with an arm slings.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.194-201
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• 2023

Background: Falls are a common and serious problem in the elderly population. Muscle strength and balance are important factors in the prevention of falls. The Y-balance test (YBT) is used to assess dynamic postural control and shows excellent test-retest reliability. However, no studies have examined the relationship between lower-limb strength and YBT scores in elderly women. Objects: This study aimed to examine the relationship between lower-limb strength and YBT scores in elderly women. Methods: Thirty community-dwelling elderly women participated in the study. Lower-limb strength including hip flexor, hip extensor, hip abductor (HAB), hip adductor (HAD), knee flexor, knee extensor, ankle dorsiflexor, and ankle plantar flexor (PF) muscles was examined using a smart KEMA strength sensor (KOREATECH Inc.), and the YBT was used to assess dynamic balance. Relationship between lower-limb strength and YBT was demonstrated using a Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: HAB strength (r = 0.388, p < 0.05), HAD strength (r = 0.362, p < 0.05), and ankle PF strength (r = 0.391, p < 0.05) positively correlated with the YBT-anterior direction distance. Ankle PF strength was positively correlated with the YBT-posteromedial direction distance (r = 0.396, p < 0.05) and composite score (r = 0.376, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that HAB, HAD, and ankle PF strengths should be considered for dynamic postural control in elderly women.