• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.618-626
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• 2017

Conventional high temperature reformers are not suitable for hybrid fuel cell systems that use waste heat as a heat source. So, development of a low temperature type reformer is needed. However, the analysis was conducted in two ways to increase the thermal efficiency, because of low reforming rate due to the low heat source. First, it is a way to ger thermal gain from the outside through partial insulation. In the case of one heat source tube and several heat source tubes, we analyzed the effect of partial heat insulation in some cases. Second, we found the most efficient arrangement of the heat source tubes by changing the location of the heat source tubes. The interpretation was carred out using the COMSOL Mutiphysics program.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.1969-1973
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of a sea water heat source cascade heat pump system. R717(Ammonia) is used for a low-stage working fluid while R134a is for a high-stage. In order to gain a high temperature supply water in winter season, the system is designed to perform a cascade cycle. In this study, two experiments were carried out. One is a system starting test from the low load temperature of $10^{\circ}C$. The other is a system performance investigation over the R717 compressor capacity changes. Experimental results show that when it starts from the low load temperature, the suction temperature of the low-stage compressor is higher than that of a high-stage. The system performance increases when a water source temperature or a low-stage compressor rotational frequency goes higher.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2006

Heat-pump system has a special feature that provides heating operation in winter season and cooling operation in summer season with a single system. It also has a merit that absorbs and makes use of wastewater heat, terrestrial heat, and heat energy from the air. Because heat-pump system uses midnight electric power, it decreases power peak load and is very economical as a result. By using the property that energy source is converted to low temperature when losing the heat, high temperature energy source is used to provide heating water and low temperature energy source is used to provide cooling water simultaneously in summer season. This study made up a heat-pump system with 4 air heat sources and a water heat source and implemented the optimal operation algorithm that works with numbers of heat pumps to operate them efficiently. With the heat-pump system, we applied it to cooling and heating operation in summer season operation mode in a real building.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2012

Rankine cycle using ammonia-water mixture as a working fluid has attracted much attention, since it may be a very useful device to extract power from low-temperature heat source. In this work, the thermodynamic performance of regenerative ammonia-water Rankine cycle is thoroughly investigated based on the second law of thermodynamics and exergy analysis, when the energy source is low-temperature heat source in the form of sensible energy. In analyzing the power cycle, several key system parameters such as ammonia mass concentration in the mixture and turbine inlet pressure are studied to examine their effects on the system performance including exergy destructions or anergies of system components, efficiencies based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics. The results show that as the ammonia concentration increases, exergy exhaust increases but exergy destruction at the heat exchanger increases. The second-law efficiency has an optimum value with respect to the ammonia concentration.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.793-799
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• 2016

In a hybrid fuel cell system, low-temperature reforming technology, which uses waste heat as a heat source, is applied to improve system efficiency. A low temperature reformer is required to optimize geometry in low thermal conditions so that the reformer can achieve the proper methane conversion rate. This study analyzed internal temperature distributions and the reaction patterns of a reformer by considering the change of the shape factor on the limited heat supply condition. Unlike the case of a high temperature reformer, analysis showed that the reaction of a low temperature reformer takes place primarily in the high temperature region of the reactor exit. In addition, it was confirmed that the efficiency can be improved by reducing the GHSV (gas hourly space velocity) or increasing the heat transfer area in the radial direction. Through reacting characteristic analysis, according to change of the aspect ratio, it was confirmed that a low temperature reformer can improve the efficiency by increasing the heat transfer in the radial direction, rather than in the longitudinal direction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.162-168
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• 2011

In this research, nitrogen plasma source ion implantation(PSII) of non-coated tungsten carbide endmill tools was conducted with low heat treatment for increasing wear resistance. After the low heat treatment of PSIIed tools to give a homogeneity of wear resistance, the surface modification of tools was analyzed by hardness test, surface roughness and cutting forces. As for the resultant cutting forces, low heat treatment in temperature of $400^{\circ}C$ and $500^{\circ}C$ is stable because of low cutting resistance. The 20-minutes heat treated tool at spindle speed 25000rpm has superiority of surface roughness, Ra of $0.420{\mu}m$ and was found to have good wear resistance. The higher hardness value was obtained by increasing temperature from $300^{\circ}C$ to $600^{\circ}C$ for PSIIed tools with low heat treatment. As the PSIIed tools under 10minutes at temperature of $600^{\circ}C$ have the highest hardness as Hv of 2349.8, It was analyzed that temperature processing give much influences on hardness.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of a water heat source cascade heat pump system R717(Ammonia) is used for a low-stage working fluid while R134a is for a high-stage. In order to gain a high temperature supply water in winter season, the system is designed to perform a cascade cycle. In this study, two experiments were carried out. One is a system starting test from the low load temperature of $10^{\circ}C$. The other is a system performance investigation over the R717 compressor capacity changes. Experimental results show that when it starts from the low load temperature, the suction temperature of the low-stage compressor is higher than that of a high-stage. The system performance increases when a water source temperature or a low-stage compressor rotational frequency goes higher.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.73-77
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• 2019

In this paper, the heat pump system was designed using heat absorption of the refrigerant or condensation heat. The cooperation system has been developed to pass a heat source of low temperature to a high temperature or to pass the heat source of high temperature to a low temperature. Heat pump for using the valve as a function of switching a condenser and an evaporator in a refrigerating cycle. As a result, heat pump system was developed by air source method. Therefore cooperating system for energy saving to solve at the same time as the cooling and heating by system of one was equipped.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.08a
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• pp.391-394
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• 2009

In this paper, achieved rise temperature distribution about degradation phenomenon of 2 MVA distribution mold transformer using finite element method (FEM). Usually, life of transformer is depended on temperature distribution of specification region than thermal special quality of transformer interior. Specially, life of transformer by decline of dielectric strength decreases rapidly in case rise by strangeness transformer interior hot spot temperature value permits. Because calculating high-voltage winding and low-voltage winding of mold transformer and Joule's loss of core for improvement these life, forecasted heat source, and high-voltage winding and low-voltage winding of mold transformer and rise temperature distribution of core for supply of electric power and temperature distribution of highest point on the basis of the result Also, calculated temperature rise limit of mold transformer and permission maximum temperature using analysis by electron miracle heat source alculate and forecasted rise temperature distribution by heat source of thermal analysis with calculated result.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.162-169
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• 1999

Fourier heat conduction law becomes invalid for the situations involving extremely short time heating, very low temperatures and fast moving heat source(or crack), since the wave nature of heat propagation becomes dominant. For these conditions, the modified heat conduction equation with the finite propagation speed of heat in the medium could be applied to predict heat flux and temperature distributions. In this study, temperature distributions at the vicinity of a very fast moving heat source are investigated numerically. Thermal fields are characterized by thermal Mach numbers(M) defined as the ratio of moving heat source speed to heat propagation speed in the solid. In the transonic and supersonic ranges($M{\ge}1$), thermal shocks are shown, which separate the heat affected zone from the thermally undisturbed zone.