• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.267-276
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• 1994

Recent epidemological observations suggested beneficial effects of dietary fiber on man's health. With the increased emphasis placed on the requirement for dietary fiber in the diet, there has been greater interest in successfully incorporating dietary fiber into food products. Hence, in this study, several dietary fibers such as cellulose, pectin, rice bran, barley bran and job's tears bran were incorporated into julpyun to determine their effects on some physical properties and sensory characteristics. Difference of water binding capacity(WBC) was found among dietary fiber sources. The WBC of pectin was highest and that of job's tears bran was lowest. The moisture contents of julpyun were increased as WBC of added dietary fiber sources was higher. In the rheometer measurement for julpyun added with dietary fiber, hardness of julpyuns added with cellulose and pectin was low. But, hardness of julpyun added cellulose was increased rapidly during storage at 4$^{\circ}C$. Springiness and gumminess wereshowed similar aspects to hardness. In the retrogradation speed by Avrami equation, the rate constant of julpyun added barley bran was low ao retrogradation occurred slowly. The results of sensory evaluation, julpyun added no dietary fiber showed good overall preference. Overall preference in sensory evaluation showed positive correlation with the after-swallowing and color.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.373-377
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• 2007

Alfalfa silage and corn silage are the major dairy feeds in most dairy operations in Michigan, USA. In recent years, the need to improve digestible fiber and dry matter intake of forages to meet the nutrient requirements of high yielding dairy cows and the willingness to plant corn specifically for silage has led plant breeders to focus on the brown mid-rib (BMR) trait. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different ratio of alfalfa to BMR corn silage and ration level of forage neutral detergent fiber (NDF) on animal performance of lactating cows in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. This study was conducted at the Upper Peninsula Experiment Station of Michigan State University in Chatham, Michigan, USA. Two different ratios of forage type (high alfalfa silage/low BMR corn silage, AS, and high BMR corn silage/low alfalfa silage, BMRCS) and two different dietary NDF contents (27% NDF, 27 = low forage/high grain feeding, and 33% NDF, 33 = high forage/low grain feeding) were used. The experimental design was a $4{\times}4$ Latin Square with 20 milking cows (12 multiparous and 8 primiparous). This trial had four 21-day periods with 14 d adaptation and 7 d data collection. Milk yield and body condition score (BCS) on the AS-27, BMRCS-27 and BMRCS-33 treatments were significantly (p<0.05) higher than on the AS-33 treatment. Dry matter intake of the AS-27 and BMRCS-27 treatments was significantly (p<0.05) higher than for the AS-33 and BMRCS-33 treatments. Milk urea nitrogen (MUN) on the AS-33 treatment was significantly (p<0.05) higher than on the other diet treatments. A key finding of this study was that the BMRCS-33 (higher amounts of brown mid-rib corn silage than alfalfa silage, high forage and low grain feeding diet at 33% NDF) led to the equal highest milk production whilst having the equal lowest dry matter intake. This study demonstrated that the diet with higher ratio of highly digestible NDF forage such as brown mid-rib corn silage to alfalfa silage could lower grain feeding in the ration.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.265-271
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• 1994

The effect of soybean meal and barley supplementation of the utilization of rice straw was investigated. Balance trials were conducted with three Japanese Corriedale wethers fed rice straw supplemented with soybean meal and barley at three different levels of protein: low (40 g CP/d, LCP), medium (67 g/d, MCP) and high (94 g/d, HCP). In addition, all the supplements were formulated to contain the same amount of TDN (275 g/d). Voluntary intake of rice straw was not affected by any supplementation, while digestibility of organic matter in sheep given HCO diet was significantly higher (p<0.05) than those on LCP diet. Crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibilities of MCP and HCP diets were significantly improved (p<0.05) over the LCP diet. Average daily gain of the animals under MCP and HCP diets were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those under LCP diet. Differences of rumen pH among the treatments were not significant, while concentration of rumen $NH_3-N$ was significantly higher (p<0.05) for HCP diet than for LCP and MCP diets. Total volatile fatty acids ($VFA_s$) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.05) in sheep fed MCP and HCP diets than those fed LCP diet, while plasma total protein concentration was not affected by any supplementation. Sheep fed MCP diet had a higher nitrogen retention than those fed LCP and HCP diets. It was concluded that rice straw was utilized better by sheep when SBM and barley were supplemented at the medium level of protein.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.105-112
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• 2021

The effect of buckwheat dietary fiber (BDF) as hypolipidemic and antioxidant agent were determined in C57BL/6 mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) with different doses of 500 (low, BDF-L) or 1,000 (high, BDF-H) mg/kg of body weight, compared with the HFD-diet control group (HFD). The negative control group (ND) was fed the basal diet. Body weights in the BDF-L and BDF-H groups were significantly decreased as compared to those in the HFD group (p<0.05). BDF also improved the lipid profile in a dose-dependent manner; serum lipid profiles and levels of insulin, glucose, and free fatty acid were significantly decreased in the BDF-L and BDF-H groups, whereas HDL-C and adiponectin significantly increased as compared to the HFD group (p<0.05). Meanwhile, BDF lowered serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in comparison with the HFD group (p<0.05). The results demonstrate that the intake of BDF might prevent obesity and its related metabolic disorders by inducing dyslipidemia and oxidative stress.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.349-358
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• 1993

Iron deficiency is still a common nutritional disorder in the world. In developing countries, the bioavailability of dietary iron is often very low, mainly due to a low content of factors facilitating nonheme iron absorption. The iron content of the diet, iron status of subjects, and the actual composition of the diet are the major factors that influence the absorption of food iron. Inadequate dietary intake of iron often results from low-calorie diets, food restrictions, or single food diets. Ascorbic acid and MFP (meat, fish and poultry) are the quantitatively most important enhancers of nonheme iron absorption found in the diet. Ascorbic acid and meat have consistently been shown to enhance iron bioavailability. Major inhibitors of nonheme iron absorption are dietary fiber, phytate, and polyphenols. The availability of nonheme iron can be highly influenced by components of foods ingested concomitantly, Therefore, consumption of food in combinations can either enhance or inhibit nonheme iron absorption.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2001

This study done to investigate the hypocholesterolemic effect of ow dietary fiber in a high cholesterol diet in aspect of cholesterol absorption and excretion using Sprague Dawley rats. After feeding diets containing 0.5% cholesterol and 5% tangerine pulp, sea tangle or prickly pear cactus for four weeks, we measured the levels of plasma and liver cholesterol and triglyceride, fecal neutral sterols and fecal radioactivity after ingestion 14(sup)C-cholesterol. We also examined platelet aggregation and histological change in liver tissues in association of hypercholesterolemia. The liver to body weight ratio was significantly(p<0.01) lower in rats fed prickly pear cactus than in other groups. The levels of plasma total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride were decreased significantly(p<0.01) in the prickly pear cactus group compared with the control, while there was no difference in the liver levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride among groups. Fecal corprostanol and cholesterol were significantly(p<0.01) higher groups of control and prickly pear cactus compared to the other two groups. Radioisotope excretion after ingestion of 14(sup)C-cholesterol was higher in the control group than in tangerine pulp group or sea tangle group, with the highest in prickly pear group. Radioisotope excretion was the highest during the 2nd and 3rd days in all groups. Hematocrit and platelet aggregation were decreased in all fiber groups compared to the control, but not statistically different. Microscopic examination showed that cholesterol diet cause a fat accumulation in the liver and prickly pear cactus decreased the fat accumulation. Result indicates that prickly pear cactus has hypocholesterolemic effect by decreasing absorption and increasing excretion of cholesterol, thereby protective effect on fatty liver. Control group fed diet containing high cholesterol and low fiber seems to have a self control system in cholesterol absorption and excretion preventing hypercholesterolemia. (Korean J Nutrition 34(2) : 141-149, 2001)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.9-23
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• 1979

The known risk factors for atherosclerosis include plasma low density lipoproteins (LDL)or Cholesterol, low PUFA in the diet, hypertension, and high Na intake, obesity, diabetes, lack of exercise, cigarette smoking, sugar, low fiber and nicotinic acid in the diet, sources of Protein foods, and Psychological factors. Among various dietary factors, fat is known as the most serious causative agent for atherosclerosis. The genetic factor is a18o known as an important one but is out of scope in this paper. Since atherosclerosis is a progressive disease which may develop for many years before showing any definitive symptoms, it is very important to develop preventive programs especially in the country like Korea that is not quite overdevelopted as some western countries. In this paper all the factors mentioned above were reviewed and the dietary suggestion were made on the basis of the content of polyunsaturated and saturated fat in the diet to prevent or/and to cure this disease. Most of the available data on diet therapy with emphasis. on P/S ratio were tabulated together. after tile patient's habitual dietary intake is analized the guidelines of personalized fat-controlled diet can be recommended. It is of utmost importance to develop Korean diets for beth prevention and cure of atherosclerosis emphasizing individual eating habit in the near future which can be more Practicaly used both at home and in the hospital.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.562-568
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• 2017

Objective: The hull attached to the barley kernel can be mechanically removed thus reducing the fiber content of the barley. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of partial dehulling on the nutrient digestibility as well as the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) content of barley in pigs. Methods: Two hulled barley samples (high fiber barley [HF] and low fiber barley [LF]) with either high or low fiber contents were obtained from the Hubei and Jiangsu Provinces of China. A portion of the two barleys was mechanically dehulled (dehulled high fiber barley [DHF] and dehulled low fiber barley [DLF]). Thirty barrows (initial $BW=31.5{\pm}3.2kg$) were assigned to one of five diets in a randomized complete block design. The five diets consisted of 96.9% corn, HF, LF, DHF, or DLF supplemented with 3.1% minerals and vitamins. Each diet was fed to six barrows housed in individual metabolism crates for a 10-d acclimation period followed by a 5-day total but separate collection of feces and urine. Results: The daily loss of gross energy (GE) in feces was lower (p<0.01) for pigs fed DHF than for those fed HF. The daily N intake and fecal N loss were lowest (p<0.01) for pigs fed the corn diet. The DE and ME as well as the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter, GE, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of DHF or DLF were higher (p<0.01) than the values in HF and LF, respectively while the values except the ATTD of NDF and ADF in DLF were higher (p<0.01) than the values in DHF and were comparable to corn. Conclusion: The DE and ME contents as well as the ATTD of nutrients in both DHF and DLF barley were improved compared with the HF and LF barley. Moreover, the nutritive value of DLF barley was comparable to the yellow-dent corn used in the study.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.195-205
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• 1994

Effects of the addition of \beta-glucanase to barley-based layer diets were examined by feeding 200 Leghorn layers with corn-based (Control) and \beta-glucanase supplemented diets (Barley+ Enzyme). The results obtained are sumrrarized as follows. 1. There were no siginificant (P>0.05) differences in hen-day egg production(%) and average egg weight between two treatments, indicating that the \beta-glucanase supplemented barley could successfully replace the commonly used corn in the layer diets. 2. Although there was no statistical difference (P>0.05) between two treatments, the daily feed consumption was numerically high in layers fed the barly diet compared to the corn-based diet. 3. Availabilities of crude fat and crude fiber of the barley diet were significantly poor (P<0.05) as compared to corn diet. 4. The \beta-glucarase supplementation depressed the viscosity of barley diets and excreta from therm. 5. Both serum and egg yolk cholesterol were not significantly affected by the addition of \beta-glucarase in the barley based diet. Our data indicate that the barley grain supplemented with \beta-glucarase can be sucessfully used as an energy source of layer diet when there is a price advantage. Although some possibilities to produce low cholesterol egg were recognized in this study, further studies pertaining to long-term feeding experiment and elucidaton of the metabolic interrelationship between serum and yolk cholesterol, are required to confirm the result.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.78-89
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• 2002

This study was performed to analyse some rick ffactors for chronic degenerative diseases of the Korean dict. The study subjects consisted of preschool children(PC), elementary school children(EC), high school students(HS), college students(CS), and adults over 30 years old living in Seoul and the surrounding areas. The subjects over 30 years old were classfied to 30-49 years, 50-69 years, and over 70 years. A dietary survey was conducted using 24-hour recall method and data were collected from 2392 subjects. The dietary risks for chronic degenerative disease such as food sources of fat consumption, high cholesterol intake, low dietary fiber intake, and low calcium intake and high protein intake were analyzed. Younger subjects had more animal fat proportion than older subjects did. HS and CS had the least fat proportion from fishes and shellfishes. Each mean cholesterol intake of PC, EC, HS, and CS was over 300mg/day, and HS load the highest level of 415mg/day. Cholesterol density of the diet of PC was the highest of 175mg/1000kcal and the level decreased when the age increased. The subjects consuming cholesterol over 100 mg/1000kca1 were about 70% of PC and HS. More than 20% of PC, EC, and HS consumed calcium under 75% of RDA with protein consumption over 125% of RDA. Dietary fiber intakes were 18g for HS, CS, 30-49 years, and 50 ∼ 69 years, 14g for EC and over 70 years, and 12g for PC. Ninety percent of PC and EC, 80% of HS and CS, and 70% of tole subjccts over 30years consumed dietary fiber under the level of 10g/1000kca1. The major food sources of dietary fiber were vegetables and grains. From these results, children and adolescents had ricks for chronic degenerative diseases on all the analyzed items. The results of this study would provide the basic information for development of dietary interventions to improve diet find health.