• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2010

Nanostructured metal oxides have been widely used in the research fields of photoelectrochemistry, photochemistry and opto-electronics. Dye-sensitized solar cell is a typical example because it is based on nanostructured $TiO_2$. Since the discovery of dye-sensitized solar cell in 1991, it has been considered as a promising photovoltaic solar cell because of low-cost, colorful and semitransparent characteristics. Unlike p-n junction type solar cell, dye-sensitized solar cell is photoelectrochemical type and is usually composed of the dye-adsorbed nanocrystalline metal oxide, the iodide/tri-iodide redox electrolyte and the Pt and/or carbon counter electrode. Among the studied issues to improve efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell, nanoengineering technologies of metal oxide particle and film have been reviewed in terms of improving optical property, electron transport and electron life time.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.248-255
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• 2000

Polyester fibers and fabrics have been dyed with disperse dyes in alkaline dyebath such as alkaline buffer and alkaline auxiliary(JPH-95) comparing a traditional acidic dyeing. After dyeing the samples were extracted with 100% DMF, and washing and rubbing fastnesses were measured. In dyeing at $100^\circ{C}$ the dyeing rate increased with decreasing fiber denier, regardless of dye baths, whereas the dyeing rates of the same denier fiber increased in the order of alkaline dyeing>acidic dyeing>JPH-95 dyeing. In dyeing at $130^\circ{C}$ the dyeing rate of PET fiber in JPH-95 dye bath decreased compared with the other two types of dye baths. In the time and temperature curve the dye uptake of JPH-95 dyeing was higher than the other two types of dye baths in the range of low temperature$(95~115^\circ{C})$. The equilibrium dye uptake increased in the order of 0.52d>2.04d>0.05d fiber. Washing fastness had no change in all three types of dye baths. But rubbing fastness was not good for alkaline dyeing except black dyes.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.37-50
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• 2016

The main objective of this study is to evaluate adsorptive removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution using pumice powder. The effects of pH, adsorption time, agitation speed, adsorbent dose, and dye concentrations on dye adsorption were investigated. Process kinetics and isotherm model constants were determined accordingly. The results showed that adsorbent dose, dye concentration and agitation speed are the important parameters on dye adsorption and the removal of MB did not significantly change by varying pH. A total adsorption process time of 60 min was observed to be sufficient to effectively remove 50 mg/L MB concentration. The MB adsorption data obeyed both pseudo first order and second order kinetic models. Adsorption of MB by pumice fitted well both Langmiur and Freundlich isotherms ($R^2{\geq}0.9700$), except for 150 rpm agitation speed that system fitted only Langmiur isotherm. The results of this study emphasize that pumice powder can be used as a low cost and effective adsorbent for dye removal.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.69-74
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• 2018

PURPOSE: Stroke patients may develop an over-pronated foot, resulting in a lower medial longitudinal arch. This can lead to a structural change of the foot due to deformation of the musculoskeletal system. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of modified low-dye taping on stroke patients with an excessively pronated foot. The effect of the taping on the foot after light daily activity was also examined. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 21 stroke patients with an excessively pronated foot, as measured by the navicular drop test. First, their navicular heights were measured at a relaxed standing position (measure 1) and while standing in the subtalar neutral position (measure 2). Modified low-dye taping was applied to each subject's affected foot and the navicular height was then measured for the standing posture (measure 3). Finally, each subject walked around for 10 minutes and the navicular height was measured again (measure 4). RESULTS: Statistical analyses showed that the navicular height value at the relaxed standing position (measure 1) was significantly lower than for the other 3 measurements. That is, the modified low-dye taping was effective in maintaining a subtalar neutral position, even after a 10-minute walk, for stroke patients with an excessively pronated foot. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that modified low-dye taping applied to stroke patients with an excessively pronated foot could be an effective way to place the subtalar joint in a neutral position, and that its effect can be sustained for light daily activities.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.215-222
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• 2019

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate whether augmented low-dye taping treatment, which consists of low-dye, reverse-six, and calcaneal-sling taping, is effective in alleviating the collapse of the medial longitudinal arch, which is used for physical balancing during one leg standing. Methods: The subjects comprised 27 students in their 20s whose navicular bone height was lowered by 10 mm or more when evaluated using the navicular drop test. Those with interference factors like deformities, fractures, or traumas were excluded. Frequency-division multiplexing was used to measure one leg standing, and the method to avoir the average each time after 3 times of measurement was applied. Results: Significant differences in the center of pressure (COP) path length, COP average velocity, and forefoot force were observed during left leg standing (p<0.05), but for right leg standing, only changes in forefoot force were noted. Conclusion: Based on the changes to the non-dominant leg in terms of COP path length, COP average velocity, and forefoot force, the immediate effect of augmented low-dye taping, which combines three types of anti-pronation taping, on one leg standing balance in people with flat feet was confirmed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.175-179
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• 2015

In this study, we propose Ti hole pattern structure on the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) less dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using the lift-off process to improve the low light transmittance and low efficiency caused by opaque Ti electrode. The formation of Ti hole patterns make it possible to move the dye adsorption and electrolyte. The DSSCs with Ti hole patterns showed a higher photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) than those with general structure by 11.1%. As a result, The Ti hole pattern structure can be improved to increase the light absorption of the dyes and PCE of the TCO-less DSSCs is also increased.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.169-173
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• 2006

Six nano disperse dyes were prepared using corresponding O/W nanoemulsions which were obtained with sodium laurylsulphate and caprylic triglyceride. The average particle size of the dyes prepared were in the range of $110{\sim}130nm$. Exhaust dyeing using nano dyes resulted in low exhaustion yields of $17{\sim}26%$ on regular polyester fiber and $28{\sim}38%$ on ultramicrofiber polyester. The observed low exhaustion yields of nano disperse dye can be explained by the solubilization of dye particles into surfactant micelles as well as the high stability of the nanoemulsions, these might reduce the capacity of dye uptake onto the fibers. However, higher K/S values of dyeings with nano dyes on ultramicrofiber sites compared to those on regular polyester sites suggested their potential to be more efficient dyes for finer denier microfiber polyesters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.528-531
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• 2000

ZnS:Cu phosphor used on powder electroluminescent device has a green emission in low frequency and a blue emission in high frequency. In this paper, to obtain the powder electroluminescent device of the blue emission in low frequency, the emission properties with mixed the ratio between phosphor and dye was investigated. The mixed ratio of the dye was from 0 to 5 weight percent. To inquire into the blue emission, the emission spectrum, the CIE coordinate system and the brightness were measured.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.89.2-89.2
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• 2010

The dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a device for the conversion of visible light into electricity, based on the sensitization of wide bandgap semiconductors. The performance of the cell mainly depends on a dye used as sensitizer. The absorption spectrum of the dye and the anchorage of the dye to the surface of $TiO_2$ are important parameters determining the efficiency of the cell. Generally, transition metal coordination compounds(ruthenium polypyridyl complexes) are used as the effective sensitizers, due to their intense charge-transfer absorption in the whole visible range and highly efficient metal-to ligand charge transfer. However, ruthenium polypyridyl complexes contain a heavy metal, which is undesirable from point of view of the environmental aspects. Moreover, the process to synthesize the complexes is complicated and costly. Alternatively, organic dyes can be used for the same purpose with an acceptable efficiency. The advantages of organic dyes include their availability and low cost. We designed and synthesized a series of organic sensitizers containing long wavelength absorption-chromophores for the dye sensitized solar cell. The DSSC composed of Blue-chromophores for the sensitization absorbed long wavelength region which is different also applied into the dye-cocktail (mixing) system. The photovoltaic property of DSSCs organic long wavelength absorption-chromophores were measured and evaluated by comparison with that of individual chromophores.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.223-230
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• 2017

Three super hydrophobic fluorescence dyes were selected to dye high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and their molar absorptivity, emission spectrum, and quantum yield were measured. From the results of color strength on the fiber, all the three dyes exhibited linear increase according to the dye concentration and Fluoro3 dye showed the highest color strength among them. Emission strength of the fluorescence dyes on the fiber was investigated according to the dye concentrations. The emission was increased with the increase of the dye concentration at relatively low dye concentration and then after showing the maximum emission strength the emission was decreased at higher dye concentrations. The highest emission was obtained in Fluoro2 dye. Color fastness to washing and rubbing was generally good enough, however, especially to light, only Fluoro3 dye exhibited rating 3 acceptable practically and Fluoro1 and 2 was ratings 1 which is unacceptable level.