• Carbon letters
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.148-157
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• 2005

Carbon/Carbon Composites due to their far superior thermo-mechanical properties are used in a number of demanding applications. However, the material still is used only in specific high tech applications with few exceptions in general industrial applications. The material is extremely expensive and the major challenge is to reduce its cost. Various innovative processing routes are outlined to reduce the cost of processing.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2024

Recently, there has been a growing interest in integrating physical toys into video gaming within the game content business. This paper introduces a novel method that leverages low-cost camera as an alternative to using sensor attachments to meet this rising demand. We address the limitations associated with low-cost cameras and propose an optical design tailored to the specific environment of model car recognition. We overcome the inherent limitations of low-cost cameras by proposing an optical design specifically tailored for model car recognition. This approach primarily focuses on recognizing the underside of the car and addresses the challenges associated with this particular perspective. Our method employs a transfer learning model that is specifically trained for this task. We have achieved a 100% recognition rate, highlighting the importance of collecting data under various camera exposures. This paper serves as a valuable case study for incorporating low-cost cameras into vision systems.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2011

In small-power applications, variable-speed motors having high efficiency and controllability become more dominant than brushed DC motors. BLDC motors with permanent magnets in the rotor and SRMs directed by reluctance torque due to no permanent magnets have been strongly studied as a candidate. Compared to the BLDC motors, SRMs are more suitable for low-cost applications since the magnetic structure is simple, mechanically robust, and cheap due to no additional excitation in the rotor such as copper wire, aluminum, and permanent magnets. In addition, relatively small number of phases in single and two-phase SRMs allows more cost savings with regards to material in the motor and switching devices in the converter. In this paper, several 2 phase SRMs are compared to a 3 phase 6/4 SRM in terms of flux distribution in key parts of the motors.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2012

Elimination of rotor position sensors mechanically coupled with the rotor shaft is attractive to variable speed drives primarily due to increased system reliability and cost reduction. In this regard, search for a simple and robust position sensorless control has been intensified in past few years specifically for low-cost, high-volume applications such as home appliances. This paper describes a new parameter insensitive position sensorless control for switched reluctance motor (SRM) drives satisfying such a need in this market segment. Two consecutive switch-on times of the controllable switch in hysteresis current control are compared to estimate the rotor position and speed. The proposed sensorless control algorithm is very simple to implement since it does not depend on extensive computation or any additional hardware. In addition, the proposed method is robust in that its dynamic performance is least affected by system parameter variations. The proposed approach is demonstrated on a single-controllable-switch-converter-driven SRM with two-phases that lends itself to a system with low cost and compact packaging which comes close to the intended applications. Analysis and simulation results followed by experimental verification are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed sensorless control method.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.716-722
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• 2018

This paper presents a voltage angle control strategy for surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) drives used in low-cost applications, wherein a current vector control is not employed. In the proposed method, the current vector control scheme, which requires high precision phase-current sensing units and a fast calculation capability of a motor drive controller, is replaced with the voltage angle controller. The proposed voltage angle controller calculates a d-axis voltage command to make the d-axis current zero by using a simple equation obtained from the voltage equation of SPMSM. The proposed method shows performance similar to the current vector controlled SPMSM drive during steady-states and its structure is very simple and thus it can be easily implemented with a low-cost microcontroller. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through simulations and experiments.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07c
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• pp.1301-1302
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• 2006

In this paper, embedded spiral inductors are investigated into the PCB substrate for low cost RF SOP applications. The spiral inductors designed with geometrical variations were simulated, fabricated, measured, and characterized by using 3D EM simulator, 8 layered PCB standard process and HP 8510B network analyzer (or verifying their applicability. The fabricated embedded spiral inductor has inductance of 9.4 nH at 800MHz, maximum quality factor of 64.8 at 1.09GHz and self resonant frequency of 3.93GHz, respectively. As the measured inductances and quality factors are well matched with simulated ones. PCB embedded spiral inductors are promising for advanced electronic systems with various functionality, low cost, small size and volume.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.113.1-113.1
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• 2014

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has long been projected as a powerful analytical technique for chemical and biological sensing applications. Pairing with portable Raman spectrometers makes the technique extremely appealing as real-time sensors for field application. However, the lack of reliable, uniform, low cost and ease-of-use SERS enhancement structures has prevented the wide adoption of this technique for general applications. We have discovered a novel hybrid structure based on the high-density and uniform arrays of gold nanofingers over a large surface area for SERS applications. The nanofingers are flexible and their tips can be brought together to trap molecules to mimic the biological system. We report here a rapid, simple, low-cost, and sensitive method of detecting trace level of food contaminants by using nanofinger chips based on portable SERS technique. We also present here the characterization of surface reaction of target molecules with our gold nanofinger substrates and the effect of nanofinger closing towards SERS performance. This new type of nano-structures can potentially revolutionize the medical and biologic research by providing a novel way to capture, localize, manipulate, and interrogate biological molecules with unprecedented capabilities.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) micro/nanostructures based on soft elastomers have received extensive attention in recent years, owing to their potential and advanced applicability. Designing and fabricating 3D micro/nanostructures are crucial for applications in diverse engineering fields, such as sensors, harvesting devices, functional surfaces, and adhesive patches. However, because of their structural complexity, fabricating soft-elastomer-based 3D micro/nanostructures with a low cost and simple process remains a challenge. Bio-inspired designs that mimic natural structures, or replicate their micro/nanostructure surfaces, have greatly benefited in terms of low-cost fabrication, scalability, and easy control of geometrical parameters. This review highlights recent advances in 3D micro/nanostructures inspired by nature for diverse potential and advanced applications, including flexible pressure sensors, energy-harvesting devices based on triboelectricity, superhydrophobic/-philic surfaces, and dry/wet adhesive patches.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.475-480
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• 2018

In OFDM-based systems, FFT is a critical component since it occupies large area and consumes more power. In this paper, we present a low hardware-cost and low power 512-point pipelined FFT design method for OFDM applications. To reduce the number of twiddle factors and to choose simple design architecture, the radix-$2^4-2^3$ algorithm are exploited. For twiddle factor multiplication, we propose a new canonical signed digit (CSD) complex multiplier design method to minimize the hardware-cost. In hardware implementation with Intel FPGA, the proposed FFT design achieves more than about 28% reduction in gate count and 18% reduction in power consumption compared to the previous approaches.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.249-257
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• 2023

This paper discusses the increasing need for autonomous delivery robots due to the current growth in the delivery market, rising delivery fees, high costs of hiring delivery personnel, and the need for contactless services. Additionally, the cost of hardware and complex software systems required to build and operate autonomous delivery robots is high. To provide a low-cost alternative to this, this paper proposes a autonomous delivery robot platform using a low-cost sensor combination of 2D LIDAR, depth camera and tracking camera to replace the existing expensive 3D LIDAR. The proposed robot was developed using the RTAB-Map SLAM open source package for 2D mapping and overcomes the limitations of low-cost sensors by using the convex hull algorithm. The paper details the hardware and software configuration of the robot and presents the results of driving experiments. The proposed platform has significant potential for various industries, including the delivery and other industries.