• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.496-508
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose a Tone Mapping Operator (TMO) that preserves global contrast and precisely preserves boundary information. In order to reconstruct a High Dynamic Range (HDR) image to a Low Dynamic Range (LDR) display by using Threshold value vs. Intensity value (TVI) based on Human Visual System (HVS) and contrast value. As a result, the global contrast of the image can be preserved. In addition, by combining the boundary information detected using Guided Image Filtering (GIF) and the detected boundary information using the spatial masking of the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) model, And improved the perceived image quality of the output image. The conventional TMOs are classified into Global Tone Mapping (GTM) and Local Tone Mapping (LTM). GTM preserves global contrast, has the advantages of simple implementation and fast execution time, but it has a disadvantage in that the boundary information of the image is lost and the regional contrast is not preserved. On the other hand, the LTM preserves the local contrast and boundary information of the image well, but some areas are expressed unnatural like the occurrence of the halo artifact phenomenon in the boundary region, and the calculation complexity is higher than that of GTM. In this paper, we propose TMO which preserves global contrast and combines the merits of GTM and LTM to preserve boundary information of images. Experimental results show that the proposed tone mapping technique has superior performance in terms of cognitive quality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.109-130
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• 2009

This study examines the rotor characteristics of Guybang culture (women's living in Joseon) relics which the life images and mental world of women in Joseon if expressed to prepare rotor data to be utilized in modern design and information for color identity establishment of Korean women culture. The result of this study is as following: 1. From 176 pieces of relic photos, total of 1380 color chips were extracted. For color analysis, 1368 units (99.1%) of color data excluding achromatic 12 units (0.9%) among 1380 units of colors were used. With the standard of 10 color wheel of Munsell Color System, the result of studying distributions according to frequency, red was the highest by 25.9%, yellow was 21.4% in women's goods in Joseon period which the ratio of red and yellow was 473%. Other than that, GY 14.6%, YR 11.3% and RP 11.1% followed next which is studied that the warm colors that conveys enjoyable and glamorous feelings composed 84.3%; 2. As a result of tone analysis, high value low chroma ltg color showed highest distribution of 20% and d was 12.2%, b was 11.7% and sf was 8.8%. Generally, it showed high frequency in high value cocors such as ltg, sf and b of 40.5%t and in low chroma (ltg) and medium chroma (d, sf) of 41% and colors in bright and calm image was used the most. 3. As a result of analyzing relationship between hue & tone, the ltg tone of Y close to white in traditional color sensibility showed the highest frequency of 9.6% and ltg tone of GY(6.4%), b tone of RP(6.1%), and v(5.4%), b(5.4%), dp(5.3%) of R followed next. 4. As a result of analyzing the characteristics of coloring, it showed that in case of coloring contrasting hues, it is adjusted similar tones and in case of coloring less contrasting hue, the difference in tone is adjusted to be rather large to make harmonized coloring. Moreover, in case of coloring similar hues, the ratio of using same tone and similar tone was large which the coloring of calm image and dynamic image is all used.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.2C
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• pp.217-225
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• 2009

Tone injection scheme has been known as one of peak to average power ratio (PAPR) reduction methods deployable to multi-carrier system like orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). The basic idea in tone injection scheme is to enforce the constellation size larger so that each of original constellation points is mapped into the preassigned distinct locations. According to the tone injection scheme, it increases symbol power highly induced inherently by expanding constellation to get optimal PAPR reduction. In the other hand, to get optimal power increase, the PAPR would be reduced insufficiently with limited tone injection signal. To withstand these problems, this paper consider the reduction of the PAPR and power increase problem simultaneously, Toward this, the tone injection scheme accomplished by employing the weighted sum genetic algorithm which has been utilized to solve multi-objective optimization problem (MOOP). The simulation results verifies that the proposed scheme can control the effective PAPR performance and alleviation of power increase flexibly by the weight value at the expense of relatively low complexity.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1385-1389
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the sun protection use behaviour among university students from 25 low, middle income and emerging economy countries. Using anonymous questionnaires, data were collected from 18,687 undergraduate university students aged 18-30 years (mean age 20.8, SD=2.8) from 26 universities in 25 countries across Asia, Africa and the Americas. Overall, 57.2% of university students reported liking to sunbathe and of those only 48.1% used sun protection when sunbathing. In multivariate logistic regression, younger age, being female, coming from a wealthy or quite well off economic family background, living in an upper middle or high income country, lighter skin tone, and other health behaviours were found to be associated with sun protection use behaviour. Low sun protection use calls for health promotion programmes to prevent unprotected sun exposure.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.35-54
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• 1992

Direct electrostatic coating method is simple, low cost and environmentally useful method. We are investigated on the coating of carrier transfer polymer layer on the carrier generate inorganic pigment layer using direct electrostatic coating method. The sample was obtained electrostatic deposite layer by fusing and calendering on the copper phthalocyanine. we could be found several polymer thin film shows good bond properties between film and pigment layer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.143-153
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to provide color information in order to planning and merchandising in china fashion through the color of Beijing opera. In objective study, we collect total 302 Beijing opera images. The collecting method of source data is to extract digital color data by color picker. We transform RGB color data to H V/C, CIE L*a*b and analyze the attributes of color and tone, three-dimensional analysis. The results of this study are as follows : 1. The color distrbution of Beijing opera is R(26.9%)>YR(18.2%)>PB(11.6%)>Y(9.6%). Traditional preference color, red is most popular color as 26.7%:, the practice of vivid tone red is numerous. 2. The tone distribution of Beijing opera costume is P(16%)>It(13.9%)>d(11%)>5(9.6%)>4kg (8.2%)>b(7.1%:). The value o# Beijing opera costume distribute medium and medium-high and the chroma of those distributes low. 3. High chroma yellow is restrictive color as the symbol of emperor in china but medium-low chroma yellow is very frequently used. 4. Blue is often used in china costume. Especially in Beijing opera costume blue is symbol of bravery, dignity, cruel character 5. White in Beijing opera costume is much used for symbol of righteous loyalist. Black is less used than white in Beijing opera costume and black is authority color for symbol of the prime minister.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1044-1051
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a new method to improve low light image. In order to improve the image quality of a night image with a moving object as much as the quality of a daytime image, the following tasks were performed. Firstly, we reduce the noisy of the input night image and improve the night image by the tone mapping method. Secondly, we segment the input night image into a foreground with motion and a background without motion. The motion is detected using both the difference between the current frame and the previous frame and the difference between the current frame and the night background image. The background region of the night image takes pixels from corresponding positions in the daytime image. The foreground regions of the night image take the pixels from the corresponding positions of the image which is improved by the tone mapping method. Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the visual quality more clearly than the existing methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.790-797
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• 2010

Mode transition of the axi-symmetric screech tone in the low supersonic Mach number range from 1.0 to 1.20 is numerically analyzed. The axi-symmetric Navier-Stokes equations and the k-e turbulence model are solved in the cylindrical coordinate system. The dispersion-relation-preserving(DRP) scheme is applied for space discretization and the optimized four levels marching method are used for time integration. At low supersonic Mach numbers with an axi-symmetric A1 mode in the simulation, it is shown that acoustic propagation due to the nonlinear effects is seen in the lateral direction and the screech tone frequency is the same as the vortex passing frequency due to the generation of intense large-scale vortical motions.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.7
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• pp.31-37
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to grasp the characteristics by image type in interior color. This experiment is carried out by the evaluation method of color simulation with the color image processor. And the result of this experimental evaluation is analyzed quantitatively by HAYASI 1 Program. The results of this analysis are as follows : 1) In casual and clear images, the most main colors are GY, PB, Y , and N, Casual image has high chroma and the most arrangement of colors is hue-contrast or contrast -harmony with white. Also the main colors of clear image are in identical or similar harmony with the hues of floor. 2) In romantic, elegant, pretty, and gorgeous images, the most main colors are GY, RP, R , YR and Y and the most arrangement of colors is identical or similar harmony. The romantic image of pastel tone is wholly lighter than the pretty image of bright tone. And elegant image is lower in chroma than romantic images, so generally dark. Also gorgeous image is the vivid tone with high chroma. 3) In chic and modern images, the main colors are the hues of B, PB, high value and low chroma with bright tone. Also, the main colors are in identical or similar harmony with the hues of floor : BG , B, PB and P. 4) In natural and semiclassic images, the main color is the warm color of Y, YR and the most arrangement of colors is identical or similar harmony. Also Semiclassic images is the dull tone with middle value and middle chroma and darker tone than natural image. 5) In dynamic image, the main color is the hue of N, Y, PB and GY and most of color is high chroma. And the most arrangement of colors is value-contrast.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.8 s.108
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• pp.95-112
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• 2006

This study examines the Korean traditional and characteristic coloring through the color of Korean traditional embroidery. This research gives the chance to establish the cultural identity of Korea and presents the aesthetic standard of color images. Also, practical use of Korean traditional colors through this study provide opportunities which develope cultural merchandise in the world. were chosen as the references to analyzed the Korean traditional colors through gungsu: court embroidery, buddhist embroidery, everyday embroidery and clothing embroidery. Because this book published in commemoration of '20th General Conference and 21th General Assembly of ICOM' in 2004, which presented excellence of Asian culture. The color of these works were divided by 'Pantone Solid Color Chips' which organized by CMYK color system and categorized by Obangsaek. 'Gungsu' had vivid and splendid color sense which used strong and bright colors and 'buddhist embroidery' had mild and mysterious feelings which used low saturation.'Everyday embroidery' used the red color group frequently and 'clothing embroidery' had brighter colors comparing to other embroidery groups. The 'Chung(blue)' group had diverse color tone rather than one-tone color. This means that Koreans prefer the 'Chung' and used it regularly, also this color symbolized the racial characteristics. Even though 'Whang(yellow)' was prohibited because the color for emperor, in the case of embroidery, there were a variety of yellow colors from 'gold' to pale yellow and grayish yellow. The arrangement of colors in 'gungsu', tone on tone, complementary and bicolore coloring was used mostly which presented a strong and elegant color sense. On the other side, 'buddhist embroidery' used tonal coloring which gave gentle and noble feeling. 'Everyday embroidery' presented separation and accented coloring which was the example of common people's humor and originality. In the case of 'clothing embroidery', there was dominant lightness, separation, tone on tone and camaieu coloring which added gorgeousness in Korean traditional clothing.