• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2003

Fatigue crack growth test or low alloy steel was performed in high temperature water. Test parameters were dissolved oxygen content. loading frequency and R-ratio ($P_{min}/P_{max}$). Since the sulfur content or the steel was low, there were no environmentally assisted cracks (EAC) in low dissolved oxygen(DO) water. At high DO, the crack growth rate at R = 0.5 tests was much increased due to environmental effects and the crack growth rate depended on loading frequency and maximized at a critical frequency. On the other hand, R = 0.7 test results showed an anomalous decrease of the crack growth rate as much different behavior from the R = 0.5. The main reason of the decrease may be related to the crack tip closure effect. All the data could be qualitatively understood by effects of oxide rupture and anion activity at crack tip.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.618-621
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• 2010

A low cross-polarization broadband stacked patch antenna is proposed. By means of the stacked patch configuration and probe-fed strip feed technique, the VSWR 1.2:1 bandwidth of the patch antenna is enhanced to 22% from 804 MHz to 1,002 MHz, which outperforms the other available patch antennas (<10%). Furthermore, the antenna has a cross-polarization level of less than -20 dB and a gain level of about 9 dBi across the operating bandwidth. Simulation results are compared with the measurements, and a good agreement is observed.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1996년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(2)
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• pp.82-87
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• 1996

To find the effects of pressure on critical heat flux (CHF) for the conditions of low pressures (especially up to 10 bar) and low mass flux (~300 kg/$m^2$s), a series of experiments have been accomplished by using uniformly heated Inconel-625 tube. The experimental ranges are as follows: pressure (from 1.2 to 8 bar). mass velocities (from 100 to 250 kg/$m^2$s) and the inlet subcooling ($\Delta$h$_{i}$ ＝ 350 kJ/kg). According to the experimental data, it is found that the CHF is nearly independent of the pressure and increases with mass flux. From the results of the CHF correlation assessment for this experimental data, we could find somewhat different tendency of CHF behavior from every other CHF prediction correlation and table.ation and table.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.105-107
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• 2002

We propose 'variable decision threshold technique' to decrease the power penalty induced by low-frequency tones. The proposed scheme uses a simple low-speed receiver to change the decision threshold of the optical receiver according to the low-frequency tones. We demonstrate the proposed method at 2.5 Gb/s.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.499-505
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• 2006

Clostridium botulinum spores are widely distributed in nature. Type A and proteolytic type B bacteria produce heat-resistant spores that are primarily involved in most of the food-borne botulism outbreaks associated with low-acid canned foods. Food-borne botulism results from the consumption of food in which C. botulinum has grown and produced neurotoxin. Growth and toxin production of type A and proteolytic type B in canned foods can be prevented by the use of thermal sterilization alone or in combination with salt and nitrite. The hazardousness of C. botulinum in low-acid canned foods can also be reduced by preventing post-process contamination and introducing hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) practices during production. Effectiveness of non-thermal technologies such as high pressure processing with elevated process temperatures on inactivation of spores of C. botulinum will be discussed.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.27-60
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• 2022

Previous studies stated that low carbon innovation performance could be influenced by government regulations and the green market, which is the new trend of consumer consumption in the present time, mainly focusing on external factors. Before study augured that low carbon innovation performance could be driven by internal and external factors of cooperation such as institutional pressure, stakeholder pressure, and innovation resources. However, the study of green transformational leadership and organizational environmental culture on low carbon innovation performance is rare, especially in Chinese manufacturing, as well as the effect of influencing factors of TPB model: environmental attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior capability on low carbon innovation performance. Previous studies mostly used the TPB model for predicting individual behavior. This study established a theoretical model combining the TPB model with green transformational leadership and organizational environmental culture of Chinese automobile manufacturing on low carbon innovation performance. This study consists of two sections of research methodology: section 1 related to questionnaire design and data collection. We established a questionnaire and distributed it online, targeting responses from the managerial level working in Chinese automobile manufacturing. Eventually, 155 valid questionnaires were used for analysis. Section 2 involved data analysis using statistical software. Reliability and data validity was examined by reliability analysis and factor analysis. Correlations and convergent validity analyses were applied, and structural equation modeling was conducted to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings indicated that green transformational leadership, organizational environmental culture, and essential factors of TPB model; environmental attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior capability positively affect low carbon innovation performance. In addition, the indirect effect of green transformational leadership was tested and found that organizational environmental culture and TPB factors mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and low carbon innovation performance.

• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2006년도 ISMP 2006
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• pp.255-267
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• 2006

LTCC Technology is very suitable for 60 GHz application $\blacksquare$ LTCC substrate shows low loss at 60 GHz. - low insertion and return losses $\blacksquare$ Microstrip or CBCPW line is sultable for transmission lines at 60 GHz. - low loss (0.1dB/mm) $\blacksquare$ Single ribbbon bonding is adequate for interconnection - simple - low loss (0.1dB/bonding) $\blacksquare$ Characteristics of MMIC module - Gain difference (${\Delta}S21$) : 0.4 dB

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.588-595
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• 2003

The optimum level of fresh granulated low-calcium (0.2%) skim milk co-precipitate, as fat substitute in low-fat ground pork patties was determined on the basis of physico-chemical, cooking and sensory properties. Low-fat ground pork patties (<10% total fat), formulated with 15 per cent water, 4 per cent added fat, 1.5 per cent salt and 4-10 per cent milk co-precipitate, were evaluated for proximate composition, cooking characteristics and compared with control patties with 15 % added fat. The moisture and protein content of raw and cooked low-fat patties were significantly (p<0.05) higher than control. The incorporation of milk co-precipitate in low-fat patties improved cooking yield, fat and moisture retention and reduced shrinkage. The sensory properties of low-fat patties were comparable with control patties. The overall acceptability of low-fat patties formulated with 7% milk co-precipitate was significantly (p<0.05) higher than patties with 10% level and non-significantly (p<0.05) higher than low-fat patties containing 4% milk co-precipitate and control. Instrumental Texture Profiles of developed low-fat patties and control patties were comparable with slight increases in hardness and gumminess of the low-fat product. The developed low-fat ground pork patties (7% milk co-precipitate) had lower TBA values, better microbiological and sensory refrigerated storage stability than high-fat control patties packaged in air permeable films for 21 days.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1998년도 추계학술발표회요약집
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• pp.129-129
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• 1998

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.951-952
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• 2009

The long way toward new silicon technology, processed at very low temperature on any substrate, is described. The technology is based on CMIS (Complementary Metal Insulator Semiconductor) structure that shown its efficiency with known CMOS electronics. Present performance of this new technology is discussed through electrical parameters and reliability of transistors.