• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.262-268
• /
• 2020

The IMO (International Maritime Organization) has mandated the restriction of SOx emissions to 0.5 % for all international sailing vessels since January 2020. And, a number of countries have designated emission control areas for stricter environmental regulations. Three representative methods have been suggested to cope with these regulations; using low-sulphur oil, installing a scrubber, or using LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) as fuel. In this paper, economic analysis was performed by comparing the method of installing a scrubber with the method of using low-sulphur oil without installing additional equipment. We suggested plausible layouts and compared the pros and cons of dif erent scrubber types for retrofitting. We selected an international sailing ship as the target vessel and estimated payback time and benefits based on navigation route, fuel consumption, and installation and operation costs. Two case of oil prices were analyzed considering the uncertainty of fuel oil price fluctuation. We found that the expected payback time of investment varies from 1 year to 3.5 years depending on the operation ratio of emission control areas and the fuel oil price change.

• 한국항만경제학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.23-40
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 IMO 2020 시행에 따른 국내외 선사의 대응전략을 살펴보고, 선사의 주요 대응방안인 저유황유로 연료를 전환할 경우 국적선사가 부담해야 할 추가비용과 그것이 선사의 수익성에 미치는 영향을 시나리오별로 분석하였다. 분석결과, 저유황유 사용 시 국적선사는 상당한 추가 비용이 발생하게 되고 이로 인해 모든 시나리오에서 영업이익 적자를 기록하는 등 수익성이 악화될 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 대화주 운임교섭력이 약한 근해선사의 경우 연료유 가격에 탄력적으로 적용할 수 있는 합리적인 BAF 설정 기준이 필요하며, 또한 정유사, 화주, 선사 간 상호협력을 통해 상생할 수 있는 방안을 모색할 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

• 공업화학전망
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.41-50
• /
• 2019

2020년 1월 1일부터 이행되는 연료유의 황 함유량 규제에 따른 대응 현황을 보면, 약 60% 이상의 선사들이 저유황유 사용을 고려하고 있다. 이처럼 높은 저유황유 선택에 따라 저유황유의 안정적인 공급에 대한 사전 검토 및 대비책을 통한 구체적인 방안이 요구되고 있으며, 저유황유의 품질 보증이 무엇보다도 중요한 사안이라 판단된다. 저유황유의 품질에 따라 예상되는 문제점을 미리 파악하고 이에 대한 적절한 대응 방안을 수립하여 선박 기관 운영에 차질이 없도록 대비하여야 한다. 그래서 선박에 공급되는 저유황유의 품질 특성 시 고려사항을 전달하고자 한다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.754-762
• /
• 1998

Exhaust emissions in diesel engine are affected by fuel properties but the reason for this is not clear. Especially the recent strong interest in using low-grade fuel demands extensibe investigation in order to clarify the exhaust emissions. Bio-Diesel oil has a great possibility to solve the pollution problem caused by the exhaust gas from diesel engine vehicles. The use of bio-oils in diesel engines has received considerable atten-tion to the forseeable depletion of world oil supplies. So bio-diesel oil has been attracted with attentions for alternative and clean energy source. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the fea-sibility of the rice-bran oil for alternative fuel in a diesel engine with rgard to exhaust emis-sions.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 해양환경안전학회 2017년도 추계학술발표회
• /
• pp.208-208
• /
• 2017

• Advances in Energy Research
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.147-163
• /
• 2013

The world faces several issues of energy crisis and environmental deterioration due to over-dependence on single source of which is fossil fuel. Though, fuel is needed as ingredients for industrial development and growth of any country, however the fossil fuel which is a major source of energy for this purpose has always been terrifying thus the need for alternative and renewable energy sources. The search for alternative energy sources resulted into the acceptance of a biofuel as a reliable alternative energy source. This work presents the study of optimization of process of transesterification of vegetable oil to biodiesel using NaOH as catalyst. A $2^4$ factorial design method was employed to investigate the influence of ratio of oil to methanol, temperature, NaOH concentration, and transesterification time on the yield of biodiesel from vegetable oil. Low and high levels of the key factors considered were 4:1 and 6:1 mole ratio, 30 and $60^{\circ}C$ temperatures, 0.5 and 1.0 wt% catalyst concentration, and 30 and 60 min reaction time. Results obtained revealed that oil to methanol molar ratio of 6:1, tranesetrification temperature of $60^{\circ}C$, catalyst concentration of 1.0wt % and reaction time of 30 min are the best operating conditions for the optimum yield of biofuel from vegetable oil, with optimum yield of 95.8%. Results obtained on the characterizzation of the produced biodiesel indicate that the specific gravity, cloud point, flash point, sulphur content, viscosity, diesel index, centane number, acid value, free glycerine, total glycerine and total recovery are 0.8899, 4, 13, 0.0087%, 4.83, 25, 54.6. 0.228mgKOH/g, 0.018, 0.23% and 96% respectively. Results also indicate that the qualities of the biodiesel tested for are in conformity with the set standard. A model equation was developed based on the results obtained using a statistical tool. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of data shows that mole ratio of ground nut oil to methanol and transesterification time have the most pronounced effect on the biodiesel yield with contributions of 55.06% and 9.22% respectively. It can be inferred from the results various conducted that vegetable oil locally produced from groundnut oil can be utilized as a feedstock for biodiesel production.