• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.80-89
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• 2004

To investigated the effect of the exercise program in patients with chronic low back pain, 40 patients paticipated in this experiment, who were applied for the simple exercise program and the complex exercise program respectively. The interval change of?pain?from pre-test and post-test over 7 weeks and the difference between two experimental groups are the follows : 1) There was statistically significant differences at comparison with pain in simple exercise group during weeks except first week(p<.05). 2) In complex exercise group, there was statistically significant differences at comparison with pain during each week. (p<.05) 3) There was not significant difference between simple exercise group and complex exercise group in pain by exercise period. 4) There was more significant change in complex exercise group than simple exercise group. but there was not statically significant differences between them.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.502-509
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a horseback riding simulator, McKenzie, and gym ball exercises on the Korean-Oswestry Disability Index (K-ODI) and muscle activation in people suffering from chronic low back pain. The study was conducted on 30 adults with a K-ODI of 5 or more and chronic low back pain. This experiment was conducted from May to June 2020. They were randomly divided into the horse-riding exercise group (HEG), McKenzie exercise group (MEG), and the gym ball exercise group (GEG). Each group performed the relevant exercises for six weeks, three times a week. The low back pain was measured with K-ODI, and muscle activation was measured with surface electromyography (SEMG). A paired t-test was conducted to verify the change before and after the experiment in the groups, and a one-way ANOVA was conducted to verify the difference between the three groups. The results of the study showed significant differences before and after the experiment. K-ODI and muscle activity improved (p>.05), and significant differences were also found between the groups (p<.05). This study concluded that horse riding and McKenzie exercises could be effective methods for the treatment of pain and to stabilize the lumbar region in patients with chronic low back pain.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2024

Background: This study conducted a comparative evaluation of the effects of Pilates stabilization exercise combined with pain neuroscience education (PNE) in patients with chronic low back pain. The evaluation was based on their visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, Korean Oswestry disability index (KODI) scores, and fear avoidance belief questionnaire (FABQ) scores. Methods: A total of 36 participants were recruited and randomly assigned to either a Pilates stabilization exercise group (PSE, n=18) or Pilates stabilization exercise combined with pain neuroscience education group (PPNE, n=18). Both the PSE and PPNE groups participated in 50-minute sessions of Pilates stabilization exercise, three times per week for six weeks. The VAS, KODI, and FABQ scores of the participants were measured before and after the intervention. Results: There were significant improvements in the VAS of the PSE and PPNE group, with significant difference found between them. Both groups showed a significant decline in KODI scores following the exercise interventions, with significant difference observed between the two groups. FABQ scores were significantly decline in both groups, with significant difference found between them. Conclusion: In this study, Pilates stabilization exercise combined with pain neuroscience education was found to be more effective than Pilates stabilization exercise alone in reducing the VAS, KODI, and FABQ scores of patients with chronic low back pain. Thus, Pilates stabilization exercise combined with pain neuroscience education can be used in clinical practice to treat and prevent chronic lower back pain.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2005

The purpose of this study were to compare the differences of isometric lumber extension strength and subjective pain degrees between obesity patients group and normal body fat group in disc surgical operated patients. The research purposed to indicate how isometric lumbar extension exercise for 12 weeks affected to lumbar strength and visual analogue scale of patients suffered by chronic back pain. The subjects were 65 low back pain patients(male 30, female 35)who had disease on lumbar in W hospital. The lumbar extension strength was measured at seven degrees of angles, which were $0^{\circ}$ $12^{\circ}$ $24^{\circ}$ $36^{\circ}$ $48^{\circ}$ $60^{\circ}$ and $72^{\circ}$ before and after the exercise program. We got the results of subjective pain degree using the modified visual analogue scale(VAS) of Lawlis et al(1989) and measured the maximal isometric lumbar strength of all subjects using MedX lumbar extension machine. Results were as follows; After the exercise, the lumbar extension strength of normal body fat patients groups included males and female were greater than that of the obesity patients groups in all angles(p<.05). The visual analogue scale of chronic back pain patients was decreased significantly after the exercise(p<.05). The results showed the significance between the lumbar extension strength and the visual analogue scale of chronic back pain patients and showed that the isometric lumbar extension exercise decreased the subjective pain degrees of visual analogue scale with and increased lumbar extension strength. The correlation between the visual analogue scale and the %body fat of chronic back pain patients was no significant after exercise. Therefore, the lumbar extension strength exercise is needed for improvement of back strength, decrease of %body fat.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.25-34
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• 2006

Purpose: This study is intended to evaluate the effects of lumbar stability after 3-dimensional exercises of lumbar stabilization. Methods: Total subjects with chronic low back pain(age ranged from 20 to 60) were recruited. All subjects received 3-dimensional exercise of trunk stabilization during 4 weeks in 00 orthopedic clinic, from May 15 to October 15 in 2006. All measurements of each patients were measured before and after lumbar stabilization exercise. Results: After lumbar stabilization exercise by CENTAUR(R), the muscle power was increased from 57.99kNm to 72.01kNm, there were statistically remarkable differences(p<0.05). VAS was lessened from 6.35 to 3.26, there were statistically remarkable differences(p<0.05). After lumbar stabilization exercise by CENTAUR(R), the temperature was increased from $27.68^{\circ}C$ to $28.26^{\circ}C$, there were remarkable differences statistically(p<0.05). Conclusions: It has been turned out that lumbar stabilization exercise has positive effect on the muscle strengthening, pain index and thermal change.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.73-84
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks-walking exercise with functional shoes on chronic low back pain. Methods : The subjects of this study were 18 females from thirty to sixty years old who had suffered from low back pain over 12 weeks. They wore S shoes with curved out-sole and soft material in arch of foot We asked them to walk wearing shoes for 1 hour a day over 4 days a week for 12 weeks. Improvement of the symptoms was evaluated by pain rating scale, Oswestry low-back pain disability index. We measured lumbar lordotic angle, Ferguson's angle, bone mineral density, body composition. The measurements were checked before and after exercise. Results : This study showed significant improvement in pain rating scale, oswestry low-back pain disability index, and body composition. And lumbar lordotic angle, Ferguson's angle and bone mineral density decreased. Conclusions : These results showed that walking exercise with functional shoes could decrease the symptoms of chronic low back pain. But, it's too difficult to conclude whether the efficacy was due to functional shoes or walking exercise because we didn't set the control group wearing general shoes.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2021

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) respiratory muscle strengthening exercise on the pulmonary function, back pain, and disability level of patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods: There were 24 CLBP patients randomly divided into the experimental group (n = 12) who took part in PNF respiratory muscle strengthening exercise and the control group (n = 12) who performed a mock treatment. Both groups performed their respective interventions for 15 min five times per week for four weeks. The pulmonary function was measured using a portable spirometer. The back pain of the participants was assessed using a visual analogue scale. The Oswestry disability index was conducted to measure disability level. A paired t-test was performed to compare within-group changes before and after the PNF respiratory muscle strengthening exercise. Differences between the experimental and the control groups were analyzed using an independent t-test. For all tests, the level of statistical significance was α = 0.05. Results: The within-group change in pulmonary function was significantly different in the experimental group (p < 0.05), and the levels of back pain and disability were significantly different between the groups (p < 0.05). There was also a significant between-group difference in pulmonary function, back pain, and disability level after intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that PNF respiratory muscle strengthening exercise enhances pulmonary function and reduces levels of back pain and disability in patients with CLBP.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.47-54
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was to investigate the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise and lower extremity strengthening program on pain, lower extremity muscle in patients with chronic low back pain. Method: The subject were randomly divided two groups. 15 people who were conducted lower extremity exercises and lumbar stabilization exercises called the combined exercise group and other(15 people) who were only conducted lower extremity exercise group. The assessment tools were the pain level and the led muscle power. Exercise was conducted for eight weeks. Result: Pain of the combined exercise group showed significant differences in the change in pain level(p<.05). The leg muscle power showed significant differences within group which hip flexor, extensor muscles and abductor muscles. there were significant differences within combined exercise group (p<.05). But the knee joint in each group showed a significant difference within group (p<.05). Conclusion: This study suggest that the lumbar stabilization exercises and lower extremity exercises showed more efficient results in the pain levels and leg muscles power than only the lower extremity exercise for patients with lumbar instability.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1981-1991
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• 2020

Background: Although various exercises have been performed for patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP), the effects of these exercises including joint mobilization, gym ball exercises, and breathing exercises on flexion relaxation ratio (FRR) have not been compared. Objective: To compare the effects of joint mobilization, gym ball exercises, and breathing exercises on the flexion relaxation phenomenon (FRP) and pain in patients with chronic low back pain. Design: Randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Methods: Thirty-six patients with chronic low back pain who were undergoing rehabilitation at a rehabilitation center were included. The patients were randomly divided into three groups: joint mobilization group (JMG; n=12), gym ball exercise group (GBG; n=12), and breathing exercise group (BEG; n=12). The exercises were performed for 40 minutes a day, twice a week, for a total of 12 weeks. Results: There were no significant differences in FRR between the three groups (P>.05). Significant decreases in the modified visual analog scale (MVAS) scores after intervention between the groups were found (P<.05). The GBG was significantly decreases from the JMG in the MVAS (P<.05). However, there were significant improvements between the pre- and post-interventional findings on FRR and MVAS in the three groups (P<.05). Conclusion: We demonstrated that intervention using joint mobilization, gym ball exercises, and breathing exercises improve FRP and pain in patients with CLBP.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.618-624
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of Gastrocnemius and Low Back-muscle isotonic exercise on static dynamic standing balance during the period of 4 weeks. This study was two groups pretest-posttest design. Nineteen subjects who were over 22 years old were randomly assigned to either the experimental group that received the Gastrocnemius muscle exercise(n=9) or the low back muscle exercise(n=10) : The former group performed isotonic exercise(plantar flexion), the latter group performed isotonic exercise(trunk extension) a total of 18 times for three times per week for four weeks. Two groups also performed static and dynamic balance before the exercise and 4weeks after the exercise. The data were analyzed by using the paired t-test and independent t-test. The results were as follows: As compared with change of dynamic balance performance capacity at two groups, a significant difference was shown in the test(p<.05), but not in static balance(p>.05). Also, a significant difference of balance between groups was not shown in the test. In this study indicated that gastrocnemius and low back muscle isotonic exercise will have positive impact on standing balance.