• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.83-87
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• 2016

Congenital chloride diarrhea (CLD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease that is difficult to diagnose. CLD requires early treatment to correct electrolyte imbalance and alkalosis and to prevent severe dehydration. Renal injury is clearly associated with defective electrolyte balance induced by CLD, particularly during the first months or years of life. A 7-year-old boy was diagnosed with CLD following detection of a homozygous mutation (c.2063-1G>T) in SLC26A3 at 6 months of age. During treatment with electrolyte supplements, mild proteinuria was detected at 8 months of age, and is still present. Renal biopsy showed the presence of focal renal dysplasia, with metaplastic cartilage and mononuclear cell infiltration, calcification, and fibrosis in the interstitium. Up to two-thirds of the glomeruli exhibited global obsolescence, mostly aggregated in the dysplastic area. In nondysplastic areas, the glomeruli were markedly increased in size and severely hypercellular, with increased mesangial matrix, and displayed segmental sclerosis. The marked glomerular hypertrophy with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis suggested a compensatory reaction to the severe nephron loss or glomerular obsolescence associated with renal dysplasia, with superimposed by CLD aggravating the tubulointerstitial damage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1283-1287
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• 1999

This study was carried out to develop new processed food from cherry tomatoes. The dried cherry tomatoes were prepared by using a sequence of osmotic dehydration, air drying, vacuum drying and freeze drying. The moisture contents of dried cherry tomato products by nontreatment and osmosis treatment were about 11~13% and 7.5~ 10%, respectively. The vitamin C contents of the dried product after osmotic dehydration were higher than those of the dried products by nontreatment. The vitamin C content of the freezing dried product was the highest of the others. The vacuum dried product by nontreatment was retained color of fresh fruit in the change of color. The ΔE value of the air dried product was lower than those of the others. As a result to microscopic analysis, fresh cherry tomato was observed regular tissue, while cherry tomato treated by osmosis was observed a cell collapse following the loss of water. The dried product had cell shrinkage and dense tissue. And the cell wall of dried products after osmotic dehydration were much more damage than those of nontreatment dried product. The palatability of the air dried product was the best of three drying methods. The dried cherry tomatoes treated by osmosis were superior to the dried cherry tomatoes by nontreatment.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.74-77
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• 2000

Ta-doped PZT thin films prepared by reactive co-sputtering method could be transformed into single grained perovskite structure utilizing physical etching of Pt bottom electrode. It is found that PZT perovskite phase on damaged (111) Pt electrode by IMD was more easily crystallized than random oriented Pt electrode and less crystallized than (111) Pt electrode. This shows that amorphized Pt electrode surface by IMD process has an effect on crystallization of PZT perovskite phase. 40$\mu\textrm{m}\times40\mu\textrm{m}$ square shape single grain PZT array could be obtained utilizing the difference of incubation time for nucleation of rosettes between ion damaged Pt and (111) oriented Pt electrode. Single grained PZT thin films show low leakage current density of $1\times10^{-7}$ A/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and high break down field of 440kV/cm. The loss of remanent polarization after $10^{11}$ cycles was less than 15% of initial value.

• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 2013.12a
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• pp.66-72
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• 2013

The demand for an ice class ship is rising expected to rise according to the increase of energy consumption and the opening of arctic sea routes. Ice class ship should be designed to cope with the severe environmental conditions of arctic sea such as a high mechanical impact and abrasion damage, caused by pack ice, ice bergs and low temperature. The ice class ship hulls are coated with an anti-abrasion and low friction coating such as a solvent free epoxy or high solid-volume epoxy. These coatings require two-component heating pump and a high grade surface preparation. In this study, the coating performances for the arctic vessels, such as puncture absorbed energy, abrasive wear loss, friction coefficients and impact absorbed energy were evaluated. Based on this study, a proper coating performance specification for the arctic vessels was proposed and coating selection guideline in terms of coating performance and workability was also established.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.424-432
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• 2004

The handling and transport of broiler birds from farm to the processing factory is known to cause injury and dead. The preslaughter period can be compromised through thermal stress, emotional stress, starvation, dehydration, metabolic exhaustion, trauma to the skin and bone fraction resulting in bruising and dead. This paper focuses on the control points of individual post Harvest stages by reference to recent literature. In catching, the injuries and deads are caused from fracture of bone, skin damage and hipbone dislocation. It can be improved by training the catchers. The primary factor of dead during transportation is from thermal stress. It is related to stocking density, type of crate and vehicle, ventilation and transportation time. Of the factors, the ventilation is very important. The holding place should be built with consideration of protection from the hostile external environment. There were not much progresses in this area, however, many researches are conducting to focus on animal welfare in European Union. Recently, it is rapidly changed in marketing custom from whole carcass to portion cut in Korea. This means the increase of economic loss due to the mishandling at post harvest. The systematic approach is demanded for this area.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.39-44
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• 2008

Wireless channel exists interference by multipath a component. Adaptation array antenna that remove this interference a component forms null point about interference signal and maximizes gains about target signal. If target signal and correlative coherent interference signal are received, there is problem that is removed from arrangement output to target signal. And, adaptation array antenna is shortcoming that is sensitive in directivity error. Therefore, in this paper, introduce each existing algorithm to solve directivity error about coherent interference, and proposed beam forming technique that minimize degree of freedom loss and damage because analyzes the problem and reduces coherent interference and directivity error.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 1996

Physicochemical properties and the conditions of cold storage of kiyomi clangor(Citrus unshiu x sinensis) produced in Cheju were investigated. Firmness, edible part ratio, soluble solids, and acid content were decreased gradually with incurasing fruit size. Carbohydrates in juice were consisted of 65.12% sucrose, 19.65% fructose, and 15.23% glucose The main organic acrid In juice was 57.4% of citric acid, and others were lactic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid and fumaric acid, respectively. Weight loss were occured very. slowly to about 6% till late of May, but decayed fruits were occurred very slowly to about 6% till late of May, but decayed fruits were arisen to about 8% at 3$^{\circ}C$, and about 13% at 5$^{\circ}C$ of storage temperature. The changes of peel moisture content, soluble solids, total sugar, vitaamin C, and density of fruits were slightly occured during cold storage. Cold storage at 3$^{\circ}C$ and 87% relative humidity kept freshness of citrus fruits for a long-term without damage of cold injury.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 1998

Ths study was peformed to evaluate the degree of degradation and safety of a small agricultural reservoir, Kosam Reservoir, in Kyungki Province. Evaluation was done by the program developed by the authors. Results of the study are as follows: 1) Although many burrows were found in downstream side of embankment and cracks were found in wall joining spillway, it appeared that degree of degradation of embankment was in good conditions. 2) Compressive strengths of concrete of crest, side channel, chute floor of spillway were in poor condition. But it appeared that overall degree of degradation of structures was in medium condition based on the criteria of the evaluation system 3) From the analysis of slope stability, safety factor of downstream slope was over 3.3 for the worst condition, such as flood and high water level and that of upstream slope was also over 3.6 for rapid drawdown. In case of earthquake, safety factors were over 2.5 for all conditions. Therefore embankment slopes of Kosam Reservoir were very stable for normal and earthquake condition. 4) As upon assumed failure of embankment of Kosam Reservoir, degree of damage was estimated to be very serious because of many loss of life and properties in the downstream area. 5) Overall grade of safety of Kosam Reservoir was in good condition. Therefore safety was considered to be "No problems" at the present time but further degradation may be proceeded partly and continuously as time goes by.e goes by.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.560-563
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• 2015

Door lock system is used for the conventional method by using a key or a card, a pad Replication, loss, and the risk of damage, and has a problem that exposure to others. In this paper, Bluetooth communication and OTP built into smartphones in order to complement the existing door lock system problems OTP(One-Time-Password), Hide-Key utilizing the authentication method and the Arduino smartphone-based design of wireless OTP door lock system by enabling users it allows for more convenient and safe life free from the risk of theft and robbery.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.318-323
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• 2005

This paper introduces the mechanism of the ESD (Electrostatic discharge) in the HDD spindle system using FDBs (Fluid Dynamic Bearings). When a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) spindle system is rotating, triboelectric charging occurs in the FDBs through the friction of the lubricant between the rotating shaft and stationary sleeve. And this electrostatic charge is accumulated in the rotating part of the HDD spindle system because it is insulated from the ground by the lubricant. This research shows experimentally that the behavior of electric charge and discharge in the FDB spindle system is the same as that of a capacitor. It also measures the electrostatic charge and discharge of the FDB spindle system due to the chanse of humidity, supporting load and motor speed. This research shows that the control of ESD is required in the HDD spindle system using FDBs, because the electrostatic charge accumulated in the FDB spindle system may cause the breakdown damage of the GMR head and data loss consequently.