• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.55-62
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• 2012

The suppression mechanisms of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) as a representative fire suppression agent were revisited using a counterflow diffusion flame which could be applied the concept of a local application system. To end this, the low strain rate $CH_4$/air counterflow diffusions with $CO_2$ addition in either fuel or oxidizer stream were examined numerically using detailed-kinetic chemistry. Radiative heat loss due to radiating gas species including $CO_2$ added was considered by the optically thin model (OTM). As a result, the critical $CO_2$ volume fractions in the oxidizer stream required to extinguish the flame were in good agreement with the experimental data reported in the literature, while somewhat under-prediction was observed with $CO_2$ added in the fuel stream. The surrogate agents were adopted to estimate the quantitative contribution with changing in global strain rate ($a_g$) on the flame extinguishment among pure dilution effect, thermal effects including radiation heat loss and chemical effect due to the $CO_2$ fire suppression agent.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.2475-2478
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• 2016

Background: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is one of the major surgical techniques for small renal masses. However, it is difficult to manage cutting and suturing procedures within acceptable time periods. To overcome this difficulty, we applied a three-dimensional (3D) video system with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, and evaluated its utility. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 31 patients who underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy between November 2009 and June 2014. A conventional two-dimensional (2D) video system was used in 20 patients, and a 3D video system in 11. Patient characteristics and video system type (2D or 3D) were recorded, and correlations with perioperative outcomes were analyzed. Results: Mean age of the patients was $55.8{\pm}12.4$, mean body mass index was $25.7{\pm}3.9kg/m^2$, mean tumor size was $2.0{\pm}0.8cm$, mean R.E.N.A.L nephrometry score was $6.9{\pm}1.9$, and clinical stage was T1a in all patients. There were no significant differences in operative time (p=0.348), pneumoperitoneum time (p=0.322), cutting time (p=0.493), estimated blood loss (p=0.335), and Clavien grade of >II complication rate (p=0.719) between the two groups. However, warm ischemic time was significantly shorter in the 3D group than the 2D group (16.1 min vs. 21.2min, p=0.021), which resulted from short suturing time (9.1 min vs. 15.2 min, p=0.008). No open conversion occurred in either group. Conclusions: A 3D video system allows the shortening of warm ischemic time in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and thus may be useful in improving the procedure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.287-294
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• 2012

The spread of infectious diseases in the event of livestock is getting faster and the route of spread gets more varied. It is important for the responsible agency to detect early and establish a prevention and surveillance system. If the spread cannot be contained effectively, great damage and loss will be inevitable in terms of social, environment and economic aspects as well as the welfare of the farmers. At present in Korea, a web-based Infectious Livestock Diseases Statistics System (AIMS: Animal Infectious Disease Data Management System) has been already implemented for this purpose and the service is available to the general public. But this system does not provide geospatial information and does not provide support for decision making and does not provide multi-dimensional information. In this study, an open source-based SOLAP (Spatial On-Line Analytical Processing) technology is applied to enable many diverse forms of data analysis from many aspects to support decision making. The SOLAP system was designed to integrate geospatial information and the analysis of information has been largely divided into map-based analysis and table-based analysis.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.307-313
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: An intensive farming system may be of the most important source for agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution, which is a major concern for agricultural water management in South Korea. Various management practices have therefore been applied to reduce NPS loads from upland fields. This study presents performances of sediment trap for reducing NPS and soil loss from rainfall runoff in cropland. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 2018 and 2019, three sediment traps (L1.5 m × W1.0 m × D0.5 m = 0.75 ㎥) and their controls were established in the end of sloped (ca. 3%) upland field planted with maize crops. Over the seasons, runoff water was monitored, collected, and analyzed at every runoff. Soils deposited in sediment traps were collected and weighed at the season end. Sediment traps reduced runoff amount (p<0.05) and NPS concentrations, though the decreased NPS concentrations were not always statistically significant. In addition, sediment traps had a significant prevention effect on soil loss from rainfall runoff in a sloped cropland. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the sediment trap could be a powerful and the best management practice to reduce NPS pollution and soil loss in a sloped upland field.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.103-123
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• 2023

This study empirically investigated the relationship between workers' safety behavior and safety leadership, trust in leader, workers' involvement, and safety knowledge in the enterprise, and analyzed the role of the factors to identify and analyze factors that enhance workers' safety behavior that contribute to the prevention of major accidents in the enterprise. When industrial accidents occur, companies have to bear huge loss costs due to direct costs of compensating the victims and indirect costs such as human loss, material loss, production loss, and time loss. Based on the results of previous studies, this study investigated the effects of managerial safety leadership and workers' trust in leader on safety behavior through the mediation of workers' involvement and safety knowledge among production, technical, and labor workers in the manufacturing industry. Statistical analysis was conducted on 271 manufacturing workers using SPSS and PLS. The results showed that safety leadership and trust in leader can lead to workers' involvement and have a positive effect on workers' safety knowledge acquisition, which can lead to workers' safety behavior.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.23
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• pp.10313-10317
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• 2015

Background: The purpose of the article was to analyze the years of potential life lost (YPLL) of women who died from breast and cervical cancer in the State of Paran$\acute{a}$, Southern Brazil. This was a temporal trend study (2000 to 2010) about the coefficients of mortality and the years of potential life lost in women aged 20 to 70 years. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained through the database of the Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) and the National Mortality Information System. Results: There was a loss of 125.075 YPLL due to breast cancer, with an average of 11.370 YPLL. Regarding cervical cancer, the figure obtained was 91.625 YPLL from 2000 to 2010, with an average of 8.329 YPLL. Increased risk of death from breast cancer was observed for women aged 50 to 59 years, with a significant increase among those in the age group from 40 to 49 years. There was an increased rate of cervical cancer among women 40 to 69 years. Conclusions: The risk of death grows with increasing age, being higher from 40 years. Prevention is paramount for both cancers. Thus, preventive measures are required and a reassessment of political strategies should be adopted.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2004

Modern production systems are very complex by request of automation, and failure modes that occur in thisautomatic system are very various and complex. The efficient fault diagnosis for these complex systems is essential for productivity loss prevention and cost saving. Traditional fault diagnostic system which perforns sequential fault diagnosis can cause catastrophic failure during diagnosis when fault propagation is very fast. This paper describes the Real-time Intelligent Multiple Fault Diagnosis System (RIMFDS). RIMFDS assesses current machine condition by using sensor signals. This system deals with multiple fault diagnosis, comprising of two main parts. One is a personal computer for remote signal generation and transmission and the other is a host system for multiple fault diagnosis. The signal generator generates various faulty signals and image information and sends them to the host. The host has various modules and agents for efficient multiple fault diagnosis. A SUN workstation is used as a host for multiple fault modules and agents for efficient multiple fault diagnosis. A SUN workstation is used as a host for multiple fault diagnosis and graphic representation of the results. RIMFDS diagnoses multiple faults with fast fault propagation and complex physical phenomenon. The new system based on multiprocessing diagnoses by using Hierarchical Artificial Neural Network (HANN).

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.117-138
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• 2008

This study lies on building the International Standardization of China Arbitration System for improving a relationship of mutual trust and the safety trade between China and other worldwide countries, especially, South Korea as their one of the biggest trading partners through the comparative analysis of China and UNCITRAL Arbitration Law. In this analysis, the differences from China and UNCITRAL in arbitration law are like belows ; lack of arbitrator's international mind, the limitation of private property right, prohibition of Ad. hoc arbitration, arbitrator's biased nationalism, localism, and their short specialties. a deficiency of the objectiveness for arbitrator's election, a judgement rejection of claimants by using nonattendance and walkout, impossibility of prior and temporary property custody for execution of arbitration award. etc. For the improvement of the International Standardization of China Arbitration, this paper propose as follows: 1) Extension of private property right, reorganization of tax system, realization of open competition, exclusion of 'Sinocentrism', globalization of arbitration system 2) The abolition of old fashioned bureaucracy with approval for ad.hoc arbitration 3) An education for arbitrator's internationalization, specialty, and to promote legal knowledge 4) A settlement of the third country arbitrators' selection for reflecting interested party's decision by the court in a selection system of arbitration committee. 5) Institutionalization of arbitration judgment that prevent for claimant's avoidance by using a withdrawal and an intentional absent 6) A permission of the right of claimant's court custody directly before the begging of arbitration request for the prevention for destruction of evidence and property concealment 7) Grant of the arbitration tribunal's interim measures of protection for private property preservation to the third party, proof security, prevention from the loss that selling the corruptible goods 8) Improvement of arbitration's efficiency from the exclusion of the obstacles that are forgery, concealed evidence, and arbitrator's bribe taking Lastly, I hope that this study will serve to promote friendly economic relationship between China and South Korea and strive for international equilibrium through the achievement of China Arbitration's International Standardization. I will finish this paper with a firm belief that this will lead to more advanced studies.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.37-44
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• 2018

In this thesis, the traffic signal system is generally applied to the intersection of urban side streets, where blind spots and cramped areas are high risk of accidents, contributing to the prevention of accidents and smooth traffic communication. Therefore, the purpose of the system is to prevent accidents and facilitate traffic communication by providing a light traffic signal at street intersections in busy cities. Also, this study is a universal application of traffic angle to vehicles without the need for a separate terminal installation, and the provision of traffic signals in cities In addition, it is thought that the narrow loss of life on the road can serve as a catalyst to help optimize its function as a signal system that can minimize damage.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.1399-1406
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• 2011

As a result of the examination analyzed loop type of Detecting the Broken Rail Monitoring System as a part of prevention of train derailment, installed in the Seoul Metro No. 2 subway line 98.51m section which is Samsung to Seolleung, we found that it is possible to detect crack location(Thermit welding: 48.18m) within the margin of error of ${\pm}1m$ accurately As analysis of the first day, third day, fifty day, and seventh day periodically, we found that Fresnel reflection happened where the crack location 48.18m. However other 3 branches show loss by bending of optical cable(spread reflection from the outside impact).