• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.08b
• /
• pp.1189-1192
• /
• 2007

We propose new driving schemes, asymmetry and long gap mode, of PDP having auxiliary electrode between scan and common electrode. For the asymmetric modes, the auxiliary electrode located nearly center of the primary electrodes is connected to the scan of common electrode during all periods of reset, address and sustain. For the long gap mode, it is electrically disconnected or maintained at dc voltage of Vs/2 during sustain period except the first several sustain pulses. The proposed structure and driving method can provide higher luminous efficacy by minimizing consumption energy. The effectiveness of the new driving schemes has been investigated for various Xe partial pressure conditions.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.53-58
• /
• 1995

A delayed primary esophago-esophagostomy of a case of long-gap esophageal atresia without tracheoesophageal fistula was performed in success with three months' intermittent periodic bougienage of the upper pouch via mouth as well as the lower esophagus through Janeway gastrostomy. Meanwhile, an effective continuous sump suction from the upper pouch seemed to be a critical part of the patient management. The extra length of esophagus for primary anastomosis could be achieved by a circular myotomy. Stricture at the myotomy site, found 4 months later, was treated with periodic pneumatic baloon dilations only with temporary symptomatic reliefs. After 4 months' trials, operative esophagoplasty was performed successfully. A careful follow-up schedule for the myotomy site would be required for early detection of stricture. The previous neonatal patient is currently 8 years old, healthy school-boy, and has a normal barium swallow without stricture or gastroesophageal reflux.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1998.07d
• /
• pp.1438-1440
• /
• 1998

In this work, simultaneous measur of space charge and conduction current was c out in LDPE with air gap by Pulsed-Electro-Aco Method. Also, effect of long time charging at con electric field on the formation of space charge conduction was investigated. From the experim results. we knew that the homo space charge formed near the dielectric surfaces and moving the bulk of dielectric as the electric field elevated. This was related with the deep traps b carriers and de trapping by Poole-field lowering conduction current was coincident with the Pool emission. From the long time charging experimen obtained the results that the negative space was moving into the dielectric bulk as the cha continued and the positive space charge accumulated at upper surface of LDPE.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.345-352
• /
• 2017

Recently, a new port reserves deep water depth for safe navigation and mooring, following the trend of larger ship building. Larger port facilities include long and huge breakwaters, and mainly adopt vertical type considering low construction cost. A vertical breakwater creates stem waves combining inclined incident waves and reflected waves, and this causes maneuvering difficulty to the passing vessels, and erosion of shoreline with additional damages to berthing facilities. Thus, in this study, the researchers have investigated the response of stem waves at the vertical breakwater near the entrance channel and applied numerical models, which are commonly used for the analysis of wave response at the harbor design. The basic equation composing models here adopted both the linear parabolic approximation adding the nonlinear dispersion relationship and nonlinear parabolic approximation adding a linear dispersion relationship. To analyze the applicability of both models, the research compared the numerical results with the existing hydraulic model results. The gap of serial breakwaters and aligned angles caused more complicated stem wave generation and secondary stem wave was found through the breakwater gap. Those analyzed results should be applied to ship handling simulation studies at the approaching channels, along with the mooring test.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.149-155
• /
• 2012

Purpose: Long Extension (LE) is used in proton therapy for lung and abdomen. However, it has limitations in surface area, produces collision in posterior oblique beam which creates limitations in various gantry angles in planning therapy and increases air gap (distance between patient and compensator). Therefore, this study investigates the usability of manufactured Rounded Extension (RE) in comparison to LE to use the most suitable extension in proton therapy. Materials and Methods: To compare structural features of LE and RE. This study investigated usable gantry angle for snout sizes 100, 180 and 250 and CT scanned Humanoid phantom. And it compared the air gap in posterior oblique direction. Results: The structural features of two extensions are as follow. Because of the existence of supporting bar, the width of LE was 40 cm and RE was 50 cm. Result of the investigation of usable gantry angle for snout sizes 100, 180 and 250 are as follow. LE is ${\pm}36$ (average) at 180 degree and RE is ${\pm}70$ (average). And also, the air gap of RE is decreased by 11.3 cm in average at the same gantry angle. Conclusion: Manufactured RE for proton therapy has several benefits than LE. Its therapy surface area is wider and range of usable gantry angle is also wider. Also, the air gap at the posterior oblique beam has decreased. Therefore the usability of RE in proton therapy of lung and abdomen will be increased compared to LE. However, the air gap of proton therapy at the lateral direction may be increased, so there may be need for make up to decrease air gap at the lateral direction in the future.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.1111-1121
• /
• 2015

Roundabouts face a congestion problem when there are unbalanced traffic conditions, especially during peak times. The congestion at roundabouts results in long delay times and low level of service. Some research has addressed congestion problems of the metering roundabout, however, few studies have focused on the congestion issues of the double signals metering roundabout. This research bridges this gap through analyzing the congestion issues of the Old Belair double signals roundabout in Adelaide. The research proposes a new analysis method based on a four-nodes intersection in order for double signals roundabout analysis to be carried out as follows: firstly, at the modeling stage, a connection of four individual intersections, adjustment of lane geometry, input of directional traffic volumes, priority and phase time set up are proposed. Secondly, for calibration, PFF, critical gap, follow-up headway and extra bunching values have been applied. The results from the analysis show that the new method is able to analyze the delay time, level of service, degree of saturation and allow for further analysis.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 2020

Upper limb nerve damage is a common condition, and evidence suggests that functional recovery may be limited following peripheral nerve repair in cases of delayed reconstruction or reconstruction of long nerve defects. A 26-year-old man presented with traumatic injury from a wide, blunt wound of the right forearm caused by broken glass, with soft tissue loss, complete transection of the radial and ulnar arteries, and a large median nerve gap. The patient underwent debridement and subsequent surgery with a microsurgical free radial fasciocutaneous flap to provide a direct blood supply to the hand; the cephalic vein within the flap was employed as a venous vascularized chamber to wrap the sural nerve graft and to repair the wide gap (14 cm) in the median nerve. During the postoperative period, the patient followed an intensive rehabilitation program and was monitored for functional performance over 5 years of follow-up. Our assessment demonstrated skin tropism and sufficient muscle power to act against strong resistance (M5) in the muscles previously affected by paralysis, as well as a good localization of stimuli in the median nerve region and an imperfect recovery of two-point discrimination (S3+). We propose a novel and efficient procedure to repair >10-cm peripheral nerve gap injuries related to upper limb trauma.

• STI Policy Review
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.113-156
• /
• 2017

Although technological progress is considered a key element for economic growth and development of a country, strong empirical evidence in this regard is not available yet. Therefore, to establish the empirical link between technology progress and economic development, it is advisable to carry out a time series analysis. In this regard, the Technology Achievement Index (TAI) of 100 top economies has been developed to examine the position of countries' technological progress for the 21 years spanning 1995 to 2015. Countries have been ranked on their TAI which is based on four pillars; technology creation, diffusion of older innovations, diffusion of recent innovations, and development of human skills. As well, this current study re-calculates the Humane Development Index (HDI) of 100 top economies for the 21 years from 1995 to 2015. Ranking of countries' HDI values reflects three dimensions: A long lifespan (life expectancy index), knowledge (Education Index) and a decent standard of living (Gross National Income Index, or GNI). The Standard Deviation (SD) technique has been used to investigate the technological gap between individual countries and groups of countries or regions. For a more meaningful assessment, technological gaps from the maximum achievement value (i.e., one of the countries under study) are presented as well. To investigate the impact of technological progress on economic development, this study introduces a model in which the HDI is used as the dependent variable and the TAI and Gross Capital Formation (GCF) are used as independent variables. The HDI, TAI and GCF are used in this model as proxy variables for economic development, technological progress and capital respectively. Econometric techniques have been used to show the impact of technological progress on economic development. The results show that long-term associations exist between technology progress and economic development; the impact of technology progress on economic development is 13.2% while the impact is 4.3% higher in eight selected East South Asian countries, at 13.5%, than in eight selected highly developed countries (9.2%).

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.650-676
• /
• 2005

It is important to identify the mid and long-term strategic technologies and evaluate technology level for the establishment of national R&D policy to upgrade technology level in Korea. This paper summarizes the result of technology level evaluation for 99 key technologies of 'National Technology Road Map', which consists of 5 visions, of Korea. The technology level, the technological gap between Korea and world-top country, the role of government to upgrade technology level, etc. were investigated by the survey (total 1,067 respondents) and the interview with experts related to key technologies. The average technology level of Korea was $65.1\%$ of that of world-top country and average technological gap was 5.8 years. The technology level of vision I 'Building an Information-Knowledge-Intelligence Society' was $71.6\%$ and highest among 5 visions. The highest technology level among 99 key technologies was $85.6\%$ for 'Digital Broadcasting Technology' and the lowest was $20\%$ for 'weather Control Technology'. The major reasons of technological gap were investigated as the lack of R&D personnel ($23.8\%$), the shortage of R&D funds ($17.8\%$), and the insufficiency of basic research ($15.4\%$), in sequence. The average technology level of USA was evaluated to highest in the world. It was presented that the technological power of China increased rapidly in the expert interview. The result of technology level evaluation would be primary information for various national S&T planning, such as S&T basic plan, S&T foresight, technology road map, etc.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.50-56
• /
• 2005

There are limited treatment options in the reconstruction of the very large defect in the metaphyseal portion of distal femur and proximal tibia. Fibula is one of the most popular donor of the long bone reconstruction in reconstructive microsurgical field. It has many advantages such as very strong strut tubular bone, very reliable vascular anatomy with large vascular diameter and long pedicle. There are limited donor site problems such as transient peroneal nerve dysfunction. In those situations with the huge long bone defects in distal femur or proximal tibia, the defective bony shape and strength of the transplanted fibular bone is not enough if only one strut of the fibula is transferred. We performed 7 cases of "doule barrel" fibular transplantation on the metaphyseal portion of distal femur and proximal tibial large defects in which it is very difficult to fill the bony gap with conventional bone graft or callotasis methods. It takes averaged 8.3 months since that procedure to obtain bony union. After solid union of the transferred double barrelled fibular graft. There were no stress fracture in our series. So we can propose double barrel fibular graft is useful method in those cases with very large bone defect on the metaphysis of large long bone.