• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1503-1516
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• 2019

In this paper, to improve the accuracy of long sentence similarity calculation, we proposed a sentence similarity calculation method based on a system similarity function. The algorithm uses word2vector as the system elements to calculate the sentence similarity. The higher accuracy of our algorithm is derived from two characteristics: one is the negative effect of penalty item, and the other is that sentence similar function (SSF) based on word2vector similar elements doesn't satisfy the exchange rule. In later studies, we found the time complexity of our algorithm depends on the process of calculating similar elements, so we build an index of potentially similar elements when training the word vector process. Finally, the experimental results show that our algorithm has higher accuracy than the word mover's distance (WMD), and has the least query time of three calculation methods of SSF.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.345-350
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• 2011

목적: 간헐성 외사시 및 외사시 수술 후 재발환자에 대하여 시기능 훈련이 양안시기능 및 감각이상 변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 시기능 훈련 대상자는 약시가 없는 간헐성 외사시 및 외사시 재발환자 중 원거리와 근거리 사시각(deviation angle)에 대한 유의적 차이가 없고(p=0.558, p=0.338), 원 근거리 사시각이 각각 10${\Delta}$ 이상인 17명을 대상으로, 훈련기간은 8주간 매주 한번은 안경원에 방문하여 시기능 훈련에 따른 변화를 측정하였다. 결과: 간헐성 외사시 및 외사시재발환자에 대하여 시기능 훈련 후 원거리 사시각 67.9(${\pm}$32.7)%, 근거리 사시각 75.4(${\pm}$32.9)%로 감소율을 보였고, 융합여력 및 Worth 4 dot 검사에서 모두 양안시 기능 및 감각적 이상이 개선됨을 보여주었다. 결론: 본 연구에서 수술적 처치가 어려운 간헐성 외사시 및 수술 후 재발된 외사시 환자에 대해서 시기능 훈련방법이 환자의 사위량, 기능적 및 감각적 이상 변화에서 개선된 효과를 보였다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of coordinative locomotor training in a chronic stroke patient. Methods: A left hemiplegic patient diagnosed with a right middle cerebral artery stroke participated in this research. The patient's functional conditions were assessed, and a coordinative locomotor training program was initiated to resolve the problems identified. A set of movements deemed difficult based on the brief International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health core set for stroke and d4501 (long-distance walking) were agreed as improvement targets. The program comprised warm up, main, cool-down, and home exercises. Repeated measurements were obtained, as follows: five times at baseline (A), 10 times during the intervention (B), and five times after the intervention (A). The study period was 7 weeks, and the intervention period was 1 h per day, twice a week for 5 weeks. Various tools, including the community walking test (CWT), 10-m walking test (10 MWT), 6-min walking test (6 MWT), and timed up and go (TUG) test, were conducted to assess the patient's walking ability. Changes in functional domains before and after the ICF Qualifier were compared. The mean values of the descriptive statistics were calculated, and a visual analysis using graphs was used to compare the rates of change. Results: The results showed that the CWT, 10 MWT, 6 MWT, and TUG test scores during the intervention period improved and that this improvement remained, even during the baseline period. In addition, the ICF Qualifier before and after the comparison decreased from moderate to mild. Conclusion: Based on the results, we propose that coordinative locomotor training can have positive effects on community ambulation of chronic stroke patients.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2023

Purpose : Stabilization exercise and respiratory muscle training are used to train trunk muscles that affect postural control and respiratory function. However, there have been no studies that combine stabilization exercise and respiratory muscle training. The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of stabilization exercise with and without respiratory muscle training on respiratory function and postural sway. Methods : Fifteen healthy adults were recruited for this experiment. All the subjects performed stabilization exercise with and without respiratory muscle training. For stabilization exercise with respiratory muscle training, the subjects sat on a gym ball wearing a stretch sensor. The subjects inspire maximally as long as possible during lifting one foot off the ground, alternately for 30 seconds. The stretch sensor was placed on both anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), and the stretch sensor was used to monitor inspiration. For stabilization exercise without respiratory muscle training, the subjects sat on a gym ball and lifted one foot off the ground, without respiratory muscle training. Kinovea program used to investigate postural sway tracking during exercise. The maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) were measured using a spirometer to investigate changes of respiratory muscle strength before and after exercise. A paired t-test was used to determine significant differences postural sway tracking, MIP, and MEP between stabilization exercise with and without respiratory muscle training. Results : There were significantly lower a distance of postural sway tracking during stabilization exercise with respiratory muscle training, compared with stabilization exercise without respiratory muscle training (p<.05). The MIP and MEP were significantly increased after stabilization exercise with respiratory muscle training compared with before stabilization exercise with respiratory muscle trianing (p<.05). Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that stabilization exercise with repiratory muscle training would be recommended to improve postural control and respiratory muscle strength.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.263-267
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• 2007

We have previously demonstrated that the level of leukocytes and neutrophils significantly increased immediately and 30 min after exercise. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is an inflammatory cytokine that acts as a chemokine on neutrophils. In the present study, we evaluated the correlation between the number of neutrophils and leukocytes, and between the number of neutrophils and plasma IL-8 level. Long-distance trained runners (TRs, n = 10) and untrained sedentary control subjects (SEDs, n = 10) ran for one hour at 70% of heart rate reserve. In the TR, the number of neutrophils correlated significantly with the number of leukocytes in the blood. However, there was no correlation between the number of neutrophils and the plasma IL-8 concentration in both groups. Expressions of IL-8 protein and mRNA were markedly higher in the TRs as compared to the SEDs at three time intervals (pre-exercise, immediately after exercise, and post exercise). In conclusion, our results show that 1) the neutrophil level was dependent on the level of leukocytes 2) there was no correlation between the neutrophils count and plasma IL-8 concentration and 3) a higher plasma IL-8 level in athletes may be a unique characteristic of intensive training.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.159-176
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• 2023

The conservation of the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in South Korea requires the protection and preservation of natural habitats while additionally ensuring coexistence with human activities. Applying habitat map modeling techniques provides information regarding the distributional patterns of raccoon dogs and assists in the development of future conservation strategies. The purpose of this study is to generate potential habitat distribution maps for the raccoon dog in South Korea using geospatial technology-based models. These models include the frequency ratio (FR) as a bivariate statistical approach, the group method of data handling (GMDH) as a machine learning algorithm, and convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) as deep learning algorithms. Moreover, the imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) is used to fine-tune the hyperparameters of the machine learning and deep learning models. Moreover, there are 14 habitat characteristics used for developing the models: elevation, slope, valley depth, topographic wetness index, terrain roughness index, slope height, surface area, slope length and steepness factor (LS factor), normalized difference vegetation index, normalized difference water index, distance to drainage, distance to roads, drainage density, and morphometric features. The accuracy of prediction is evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The results indicate comparable performances of all models. However, the CNN demonstrates superior capacity for prediction, achieving accuracies of 76.3% and 75.7% for the training and validation processes, respectively. The maps of potential habitat distribution are generated for five different levels of potentiality: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high.

• 교육시설
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.16-29
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• 1998

Bell Laboratory introduced the sound and visual system for the first time in 1927. Since then, the development of telecommunication technology made it possible for people located far away to communicate each other watching through the TV screen. Over the period different types of telelecturing systems have prospered in line with the development of telecommunication technology. Therefore, it is quite natural that telelecturing/conferending system attracts the attention of many people as a new way of educating people located in a long distance. In the industrial sector, telelecturing systems already come into wide use to save time and training and travelling expense. In this study, I examine the concept and characteristics of telelecturing/conferencing system and introduce different types telelecturing system developed in parallel with the development of communication technology. Then, I analyze how those merits of the telelecturing system can be applied to educational purpose. Finally, I propose and design ideal telelectuirng/conference facilities consisting of telelecturing rooms, bilateral movie system, seats, ceilings, color, TV screen, lighting, acoustics, humidities and temperature control, security system, projection system to maximize the educational purpose and effectiveness.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.412-419
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• 2016

The firing noise produced at artillery test range or military training ground is impulsive burst noise which energy is generated within tens of milliseconds and distributed an isolated burst of sound energy separated to one by one noise. The long range propagation of this noise is affected by a caliber of gun, amount of propellant, distance between source and receiver, ground and meteorological condition. In this paper, main influence parameters have been described based on experimental analysis of measured data. It is considered that this analysis result can be used as useful materials for study of effective firing noise management and development of propagation model.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.543-554
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• 2014

이 연구의 목적은 현재 이루어지고 있는 대한민국 과학교사들이 실시하고 있는 동티모르에서의 과학교사 실험 연수에 대해 대한민국과 동티모르 교사들이 어떻게 인식하고 있는지 알아보는 데 있다. 이 연구를 위해 참여관찰과 설문 조사, 면담이 이루어졌다. 연구 결과, 대한민국 과학 교사들이 동티모르 과학교사 연수를 실시하는 이유는 동티모르 과학교사들의 자발적인 성장을 돕기 위한 것이며, 과학교사로써 국제적인 재능 기부 형태의 봉사활동 수행하는데 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대한민국 과학교사들은 연수를 진행하면서 언어 및 실험 재료 등의 현지화가 절실하다는 반응을 보였다. 동티모르 과학교사 실험연수가 체계를 갖추기 위해서는 동티모르의 과학과 교육과정과 교육 현황에 대한 정확한 자료, 현지 과학교사들의 필요가 무엇인지 파악, 연수 결과에 대한 피드백이 중요하다고 하였다. 연수에 참가한 동티모르 과학교사들은 10년 이내, 20-30대의 교사들이 많았고, 초등보다는 중등교사들의 참여가 많았다. 동티모르의 과학교사들이 연수를 통해 기대하는 것은 과학에 대한 전문성의 심화에 초점이 맞추어져 있었다. 연수 참가시 어려운 점은 언어, 비용, 거리 등의 요인이었다. 연수 프로그램에 대한 동티모르 교사들의 평가는 모든 프로그램이 재미있고, 유용하고 학생들에게 필요한 프로그램이라는 것을 강력히 표현하고 있었다. 또한, 동티모르 과학교사 연수의 최종 목표는 동티모르 교사들의 자생적인 연수 능력 획득에 있었는데, 이러한 가능성에 대한 실마리를 얻었다는 것이 중요한 의미이다.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.27-44
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• 1977

The Maneuvering Indices of a ship are the values that decide the quantity of her motion in turning when her rudder is turned over to an angle to the starboard or the port. They consist of two kinds of indices, one of which is called index K and the other, index T. Index K decides a ship's turning ability and index T does the length of time delay of a normal turning motion after her rudder has finished the turn of an ordered angle. Generally, the values of the indices are calculated through some mathematic formulas with figures of her heading degrees recorded at a fixed time intervals during her Z test. The values of the same kind index of a ship appear differently according to the ship'sspeed, trim, rudder angle and loaded condition, etc. In this paper, the author analyzed all the amthematic formulas required to calculate the values of the indices in their forming process and examined them from the point of mathematics and dynamics and also actually figured out the values of maneuvering indices of the M.S. "HANBADA", the training ship of Korea Merchant Marine College through her Z test. The author supposed a case in which two same typed ships as the "HANBADA" in size, shape and conditions were approaching each other in meeting end on situation and each ship turned her rudder hard over to the starboard respectively when they approached to the distance of 3 times as long as the ship's length. The author worked out mathematic formulas calculating forward and transverse ship's motions within the above mentioned situation for the quantative analysis of the collision avoding action to certify whether they are in collision status or not. Applying the calculated values of the maneuvering indices of the "HANBADA" to the motion calculating formulas, the author found out the two ships were passing over each other with the clearing distance o 39m between their port quarters. With the above mentioned examinations and explanations, the author demonstrated that a ship's motion in any collision avoiding action can be shown with quantities of time and distance within reliable limit.istance within reliable limit.