• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.289-296
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• 2023

The failure of a thin-walled tube was studied in this paper based on three failure models. Both proportional and non-proportional loading paths were applied. Proportional loading consisted of combined tension-torsion. Cyclic non-proportional loading was also applied. It was a circular out-of-phase axial-shear stress loading path. The third loading path was a combination of a constant internal pressure and a bending moment. The failure models under study were equivalent plastic strain, modified Mohr-Coulomb (Bai-Wierzbicki) and Tearing parameter models. The elasto-plastic analysis was conducted using J2 criterion and nonlinear kinematic hardening. The return mapping algorithm was employed to numerically solve the plastic flow relations. The effects of the hydrostatic stress on the plastic flow and the stress triaxiality parameter on the failure were discussed. Each failure model under study was utilized to predict failure. The failure loads obtained from each model were compared with each other. The equivalent plastic strain model was independent from the stress triaxiality parameter, and it predicted the highest failure load in the bending problem. The modified Mohr-Coulomb failure model predicted the lowest failure load for the range of the stress triaxiality parameter and Lode's angle.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.288-298
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• 2017

A study of the damage evolution laws for ductile materials was carried out to predict the ductile fracture behavior of a marine structural steel (EH36). We conducted proportional and non-proportional stress tests in the experiments. The existing 3-D fracture strain surface was newly calibrated using two fracture parameters: the average stress triaxiality and average normalized load angle taken from the proportional tests. Linear and non-linear damage evolution models were taken into account in this study. A damage exponent of 3.0 for the non-linear damage model was determined based on a simple optimization technique, for which proportional and non-proportional stress tests were simultaneously used. We verified the validity of the three fracture models: the newly calibrated fracture strain model, linear damage evolution model, and non-linear damage evolution model for the tensile tests of the asymmetric notch specimens. Because the stress evolution pattern for the verification tests remained at mode I in terms of the linear elastic fracture mechanics, the three models did not show significant differences in their fracture initiation predictions.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.259-271
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• 2019

It is important to obtain reasonable predictions of the extent of the damage during maritime accidents such as ship collisions and groundings. Many fracture models based on different mechanical backgrounds have been proposed and can be used to estimate the extent of damage involving ductile fracture. The goal of this study was to compare the damage extents provided by some selected fracture models. Instead of performing a new series of material constant calibration tests, the fracture test results for the ship building steel EH36 obtained by Park et al. (2019) were used which included specimens with different geometries such as central hole, pure shear, and notched tensile specimens. The test results were compared with seven ductile fracture surfaces: Johnson-Cook, Cockcroft-Latham-Oh, Bai-Wierzbicki, Modified Mohr-Coulomb, Lou-Huh, Maximum shear stress, and Hosford-Coulomb. The linear damage accumulation law was applied to consider the effect of the loading path on each fracture surface. The Swift-Voce combined constitutive model was used to accurately define the flow stress in a large strain region. The reliability of these simulations was verified by the good agreement between the axial tension force elongation relations captured from the tests and simulations without fracture assignment. The material constants corresponding to each fracture surface were calibrated using an optimization technique with the minimized object function of the residual sum of errors between the simulated and predicted stress triaxiality and load angle parameter values to fracture initiation. The reliabilities of the calibrated material constants of B-W, MMC, L-H, and HC were the best, whereas there was a high residual sum of errors in the case of the MMS, C-L-O, and J-C models. The most accurate fracture predictions for the fracture specimens were made by the B-W, MMC, L-H, and HC models.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.82-93
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• 2019

In this paper, the ductile fracture criteria for a marine structural steel (EH36) are presented and validated. The theoretical background of the recently developed Hosford-Coulomb (HC) fracture strain model and the DSSE fracture strain model which was developed to apply to the shell elements is described. In order to accurately estimate the flow stress in the large strain range up to the fracture, the material constants for the combined Swift-Voce constitutive equation were derived by the numerical analyses of the smooth and notched specimens made from the EH36 steel. As a result of applying the Swift-Voce flow stress to the other notched specimen model, a very accurate load - displacement curve could be derived. The material constants of the HC fracture strain and DSSE fracture strain models were independently calibrated based on the numerical analyses for the smooth and notch specimen tests. The user subroutine (VUMAT of Abaqus) was developed to verify the accuracy of the combined HC-DSSE fracture strain model. An asymmetric notch specimen was used as verification model. It was confirmed that the fracture of the asymmetric specimen can be accurately predicted when a very small solid elements are used together with the HC fracture strain model. On the other hand, the combined HC-DSSE fracture strain model can predict accurately the fracture of shell element model while the shell element size effect becomes less sensitive.