• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.565-572
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• 2004

This paper proposes an expert system which can enhance the accuracy of real-time bus reconfiguration strategy by adopting local minimum tree search method and minimize the spreading effect of the fault by considering totally the operating condition when a main transformer fault occurs in the automated substation. The local minimum tree search method to expand the best-first search method. This method has an advantage which can improve the performance of solution within the limits of the real-time condition. The inference strategy proposed expert system consists of two stages. The first stage determines the switching candidate set by searching possible switching candidates starting from the main transformer or busbar related to the event. And, second stage determines the rational real-time bus reconfiguration strategy based on heuristic rules for the obtained switching candidate set. Also, this paper studies the generalized distribution substation modelling using graph theory and a substation database is designed based on the study result. The inference engine of the expert system and the substation database is implemented in MFC function of Visual C++. Finally, the performance and effectiveness of the proposed expert system is verified by comparing the best-first search solution and local minimum tree search solution based on diversity event simulations for typical distribution substation.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.193-206
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• 2015

The present paper investigate the elastic buckling of chiral double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) under axial compression. Using the non-local elasticity theory, Timoshenko beam model has been implemented. According to the governing equations of non-local theory, the analytical solution is derived and the solution for non-local critical buckling loads is obtained. The numerical results show the influence of non-local small-scale coefficient, the vibrational mode number, the chirality of carbon nanotube and aspect ratio of the (DWCNTs) on non-local critical buckling loads of the (DWCNTs). The results indicate the dependence of non-local critical buckling loads on the chirality of single-walled carbon nanotube with increase the non-local small-scale coefficient, the vibrational mode number and aspect ratio of length to diameter.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.593-606
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• 2002

We prove local existence and global uniqueness in one dimensional nonlinear hyperbolic inverse problems. The basic key for showing the local existence of inverse solution is the principle of contracted mapping. As an application, we consider a hyperbolic inverse problem with damping term.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.42-48
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• 2003

Welding distortion is a current issue in many industrial parts, especially for heavy industry such as shipbuilding, plant industry. The welding process has many processing parameters influencing welding angular distortion such as heat input power, welding speed, gas flow rate, plate thickness and the welded material properties, etc. In this work, the conventional local minimization concept was applied to find a set of optimum welding process parameters, consisted of welding speed, plate thickness and heat input, for a minimum angular distortion. An analytic solution for welding angular distortion, which is based on laminated plate theory, was also applied to investigate and optimize the welding process parameters. The optimized process parameters and the angular distortion for various parametric conditions could be easily found by using the local minimum concept.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.122-131
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• 1992

In this paper an approximate solution method for the large-scale Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is presented. The method starts with the subdivision of the problem domain into a number of cluster by considering their geometric characteristic. Each cluster has a limited number of nodes so as to get a local solution. They are linked go give the least pathe which covers the whole domain and become TSPs solution with start-and end-node. The approximate local solution in each cluster are obtained based on geometrical properties of the cluster, and combined to give an overall approximate solution for the larte-scale TSP.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.819-823
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• 1996

In the large steel ingosts, void defects exhibiting microvoid shapes are inevitably formed in the V-segregation zone of the ingots during solidification. In the hot open-die forging process, material properties are improved by eliminating internal porosity. The void size is practically very small as compared with the huge large ingot. Thus, for deformation analysis of a large ingot, a massive number of elements are needed in order to describe a void surface and to uniform mesh sturcture. In the present work the Global/Local scheme has been introduced in order to reduce the computational time and to easily generate the mesh system as a void module of local mesh for obtaining the accurate solution around a void. The procedure of the global- local method consists of two steps. In the first step global analysis is carried out which seeks a reasonably good solution with a cpurse mesh system without describing a void. Then, a local analysis is performed locally with a fine mesh system under the size-criterion of a local region. The computational time has been greatly reduced. Though the work it has been shown that large ingot forging incorporation small voids can be effectively analyzed by using the proposed Global/Local scheme.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.103-104
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• 2001

This study was done to observe the effect on the local thermal changes of herbal acupuncture on D.I.T.I.. The objects of this study are as follows; If there are remarkable local thermal changes between pre and post herbal acupuncture therapy on D.I.T.I.or not. If there are those, We examine how long that changes are maintained, what the adequate interval is on herbal acupuncture therapy, and what the reaction in a .local or whole body are on that therapy Materials and Methods : To study the local thermal changes in herbal acupuncture therapy, D.I.T.I. was used. Determination of this analysis periods are pre and post-therapy(1 hour, 24hours, 48hours and 7days later). The study group was divided into three groups(comprised 23 students in oriental medical college, Woosuk University). One was NS(Normal Saline) group, another was CF(CARTHAMI SEMEN) group and the other was BU(FEL URSI + BENZOAR BOVIS) group. The Herbal Acupunture solution was injected 0.2ml divide into 0.05ml at tile P'ungmun(B12), P'yesu(B13), Pubun(B41), Paek'o(B42) 4 points. Then, in order to analyze the clinical form, we have observed response of 23 students whenever we checked the thermal changes of their after perfoming Results : The results were obtained as follows ; 1. There is no significant dermatothermal changes at NS group and CF group, but BU group have remarkable changes in 24, 48, 72 hours. 2. From post-therapy 1 hour to 48 hours, there is a significant change (P<0.01) at NS-BU group and CF-BU group, But there is none 7 days later. 3. In the analysis of whole or local body reaction, local pain appears at NS group(22%), CF group(11%), BU group(91%), discomfort reaction appears at CF group(14%), BU group(30%). BU groilp has feel vertigo(13%), drowsy (70%) and pain in action(52%). 4. In the analysis of the duration of physic진 reaction, BU group is most lately maintained. Conclusions : These results suggest that in the physical reaction of herbal acupuncture solutions, BU solution is more sensitive than CF solution or NS.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39B no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

This paper proposes an efficient test wrapper design that reduces overall test time in multi-core SoC. After initial local wrapper solution sets for all the cores are determined using well-known Combine algorithm, proposed algorithm selects a dominant core which consumes the longest test time in multi-core SoC. Then, the wrapper characteristics in the number of TAM wires and the test time for other cores are adjusted based on test time of the dominant core. For some specific cores, the number of TAM wires can be reduced by increasing its test time for design space exploration purposes. These modified wrapper characteristics are added to the previous wrapper solution set. By expanding previous local wrapper solution set to global wrapper solution set, overall test time for Multi-core SoC can be reduced by an efficient test scheduler. Effectiveness of the proposed wrapper is verified on ITC'02 benchmark circuits using $B^*$-tree based test scheduler. Our experimental results show that the test time is reduced by an average of 4.7% when compared to that of employing previous wrappers.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1149-1156
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• 2008

The conformational study on neutral and zwitterionic L-alanines (N-Ala and Z-Ala, respectively) and the transition state (TS) for their interconversion is carried out using ab initio HF and density functional B3LYP methods with the self-consistent reaction field method in the gas phase and in solution. At both the HF and B3LYP levels of theory, the local minimum N1 for N-Ala is found to be most preferred in the gas phase and a weak asymmetric bifurcated hydrogen bond between the amino hydrogens and the carbonyl oxygen appears to play a role in stabilizing this conformation. The local minima N2a and N2b are found to be the second preferred conformations, which seem to be stabilized by a hydrogen bond between the amino nitrogen and the carboxylic hydrogen. The relative stability of the local minimum N2b is remarkably increased in solution than that in the gas phase. The local minimum N2b becomes more stable than the local minimum N2a in most of the solution. On the whole the relative free energies of Z-Ala and TS become more lowered, as the solvent polarity increases. N-Ala prevails over Z-Ala in aprotic solutions but Z-Ala is dominantly populated in ethanol and water. In aprotic solutions, the population of Z-Ala increases somewhat with the increase of solvent polarity. The barrier to Z-Ala-to-N-Ala interconversion increases on the whole with the increase of solvent polarity, which is caused by the increase of stability for Z-Ala.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.769-778
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• 2016

In this study, we improved the eggshell-membrane separation process by separating the shell and membrane with EDTA solution, evaluating effects of three different extraction solutions (acetic acid, EDTA, and phosphate solution), and co-purifying multiple eggshell proteins with two successive ion-exchange chromatography procedures (CM Sepharose Fast Flow and DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow). The recovery and residual rates of eggshell and membrane separated by the modified method with added EDTA solution were 93.88%, 91.15% and 1.01%, 2.87%, respectively. Ovocleidin-116 (OC-116) and ovocalyxin-36 (OCX-36) were obtained by loading 50 mM Na-Hepes, pH 7.5, 2 mM DTT and 350 mM NaCl buffer onto the DEAE-FF column at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, ovocleidin-17 (OC-17) was obtained by loading 100 mM NaCl, 50 mM Tris, pH 8.0 on the CM-FF column at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The purities of OCX-36, OC-17 and OC-116 were 96.82%, 80.15% and 73.22%, and the recovery rates were 55.27%, 53.38% and 36.34%, respectively. Antibacterial activity test suggested that phosphate solution extract exhibited significantly higher activity against the tested bacterial strains than the acetic acid or EDTA extract, probably due to more types of proteins in the extract. These results demonstrate that this separation method is feasible and efficient.