• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.37-75
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• 2001

Technological systems are defined as network(s) consisting of technological infrastructure, industrial organization, and institutional infrastructure. This paper reviews SEMATECH in the U.S. and VLSI Program in Korea as a technological system for semiconductor, which is an advanced technology. Several issues are addressed : how did they get started\ulcorner ; how have they been evolved\ulcorner ; how have the actors and institutions within the system interacted\ulcorner ; what role has the government played in that process\ulcorner Both systems were created by their government, respectively, and they have been evaluated as successful. However, while SEMATECH became complete eough in terms of technological infrastructure, industrial organization, and institutional infrastructure to generate sufficient increasing returns to develop in a self-reinforcing way, a series of VLSI program in Korea is still operated discontinuously under the government subsidy. SEMATECH is more flexible and stable than Korea's VLSI program in that the system has a centralized structure and has been managed and staffed by industry substantially. In addition, both cases show that a technological system may evolve having connections with foreign technological systems and local sub-systems beyond nations, regions and industries. Many other similarities, contrasts, and insights for technological policy from each country's experiences are presented.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.37-57
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• 1998

In recent, Korea introduced the local self-government system. And the local government tried to establish and implement plans for women. Those plans were established on the basis of not the particular environments of regional societies but similar policies of central government. Despite of geographical migrations, we can find differences of population structure and economic status among regions. As the result, most of regional policies for women were ineffective. This paper examines population structure and economic status of women by regions and recommends the long and medium direction for local policies for women. For analysis, it utilizes the 2% sample data-set of National Statistical Office's '1995 Population and Housing Census' in Korea. The findings of this paper are summarized as following; Firstly, the dependency rate of Chungchong-do, Cholla-do, Kyongsangnam-do will reach about 45% in 2000. Therefore, as soon as possible, those local government should establish the labor policies to enhance the economically active participation rate of the elderly persons and welfare policy for them. Secondly, the level of women's economic participation. Thus, local governments should set up labor market policies for women according to regional situations. For examples, in Kyonggi-do, Seoul, Daejeon, Daeku which unemployment rate of the highly educated women are relatively high, those local governments should seek the measures to tackle unemployment problem of them. Thirdly, due to the differences regional economic structure, women's employment structures differed also by region. Hence, local governments should formulate suitable plans to consider the working status of regional women's workers.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.26
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• pp.63-93
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• 2010

This document illustrates the culture of archives should be improved to get better in local autonomy. In 1994, the municipal elections were held to perform autonomous activities in Korea. It has been sixteen years, since the first municipal election had been held. The local autonomy can be accomplished well, based on the economic independence from the central government and growing awareness of locals. Not only that, if local records were well archived and suitably used, autonomy could be more active. However, since the independence from Japan in 1945, records of the self-government has not been archived well. Not only archives of local government have not been established, but also organization, budget and professional staff have not been arranged well. This brought about local records administration's inactive performance. As a result, numerous number of meaningful records are lost and people are difficult to make out the local administration policy. If the records of local government preserved well, administrative efficiency, responsibility, transparency can be realized in better way. When local officials' work experiences and achievements were on record and referred to a successor of officials properly, administrative efficiency would be highly promoted. In addition, with the well-preserved work records, people are able to see where the responsibility lies. A local autonomous entity might be able to obtain administrative transparency by showing administrative processes and results to locals to the public. In this manner, the premise to archive the records of local autonomous entity is to establish a department which can archive local records and the disposition of professional archivists. According to "the law on public archives management", the governor of a province should discuss with a minister of administration to set up plans for archives' establishment and management. In this way, local archives administration would work well, when not only the department of local records administration is established, but also the department of local archives places local records under their control at the same time. Moreover, based on active records movement, municipal officials and locals would realize the importance of local record and examine local records administration systems. Not only that, when local records are shown to public and utilized properly, the local autonomy would improve a lot.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.176-185
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• 2010

Due to Korean government's reduction policy of the level of local administration, the government tries to become smaller and more efficient organization and in accordance with this movement, they try to transfer the human power and work of the office of Eup, Myeon, Dong to the office of Si, Goon, Goo so that they can take administrative action quickly, increase the efficiency of administration by preventing the overlapping of administrative task, improve the administrative service toward the citizens and make a functional shift of Inhabitant Self-Government Center in a way that is aimed at improving the quality of life of the inhabitants by setting up cultural, welfare facilities and forming the local community. Hereupon I expect this study will help to show the ways of composing the space of community center, accommodating the various demands of inhabitants through appropriate area calculation of functional area, increasing the efficiency of government officers' administrative support and also will be the guide for the architectural designs of the community centers. For this purpose, I have investigated community centers of 8 Dongs out of 11 Dongs in Goon-po Si that was chosen to be operating the pilot program of the office of Eup, Myeon, Dong's functional shift and obtained excellent results. I have surveyed how the functional spaces are being used, interviewed the government officials, examined the size of the functional and required space with Building card of a plan and the analyzed results are as follows.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.793-798
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• 2009

In this paper, the performances of implementation real-time book search service of government library using OpenAPI. Since 2000, each self-government made a governmnt library for local resident because of policies to encourage reading. Each self-government library services book perusal and lend free for local resident. In current system local residents visit to a library for lending, returning and reading books. And each library run by a self-governing administration provides their own homepage for searching service as well as booking. For each services are not unified, however, it is not easy for lenders to search and lend these enormous books which are spread each library. Accordingly, we present a plan which using organization of every system established now in each library as it is, for a scheme of database by libraries' efficient unification and search, a network of TCP/IP and application which connects each library's database, servicing which uses Open API a check books through real time accessing Database.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.481-493
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• 2021

Regional brands are recognized for their importance as one of the local public relations policies, but only the methods promoted by local government officials and outside experts are revealing limitations in self-reliance and sustainability. In order for a regional brand to succeed, it is necessary to develop and manage a brand that fits the characteristics of the region together with various stakeholders including residents. In this study, it was confirmed that regional brand evaluation indicators may vary depending on the stage of co-creation in the design process for regional brand development, and the type of value co-creation was determined through a classification method using the results of the evaluation index. According to the results of the study, the type of value co-creation that fits the local situation and characteristics can be derived by adjusting the stage of co-creation execution in the design process.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.101-119
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• 2000

Agricultural Extension Services in Korea have accomplished a significant role in self- sufficiency of rice, a national staple food, through green revolution in 1970's; supplying green vegetables even during the winter season through white revolution in 1980's; and establishing technical agriculture by organizing rural leaders and 4-H members. In 1990s changes were made in international situations under the Uruguay Round multilateral trade negotiations and inauguration of the World Trade Organization. This was followed by localization of the extension staffs and the functions of extension services in Korea changed dramatically from national government to local governments. Thus, a weakened national function resulted in loosening of the linkages of research and extension in central government and local extension offices. Difficulties were reported in diffusion of new agricultural technology and efficient management of extension personnel. Developmental tasks for better extension services for the 21st century in Korea would include recovering national functions of agricultural extension, and developing a new paradigm for extension service. This should include the following measures; 1) Cooperative extension service should be adapted to involve national as well as local governments and non-government organization. 2) The target groups for extension services should be expanded to include farmers, noel residents as well as urban consumers. 3) The role of the extension service should cover agricultural technological diffusion of innovations as well as managerial skills and leadership development for rural organizations. 4) Extension services should be introduced to small farmers as well as consultation services for advanced farms. Diversified approaches should be employed for mama effective services. 5) Pre-service as well as in-service education should be offered to secure better extension educators equipped with knowledge, understanding and abilities on agricultural technology, information, agricultural philosophy, instructional methods and communication skills.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2013

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the related factors which decide the percentage of health care expenditure of the total fiscal expenditure of local governments and to provide the basic data to contribute for the efficient allotment of healthcare budget. Methods: This study was conducted by the percentage of health care expenditure for 3 years by classifying a total of 230 local governments into the metropolitan cities (gu, 69), the counties (si, 75), and the boroughs (gun, 86) all over the country. With the collected data, the general characteristics of independent variables and the dependent variable were analysed using SPSS ver. 18.0, The correlation analysis and multivariate regression analysis were conducted for the characteristics of variables according to regions by year. Results: In correlation between health care expenditure by year and other variables, there was a significant positive correlation with unemployment rate, metropolitan cities (gu) and other regions, the percentage of health center personnel, health care expenditure in last year as a independent factors. On the other hand there was no correlation with social assistance recipients and the percentage of aging population, financial self-reliance, industrialization rate, suicide rate, cardiac disease mortality, cerebrovascular mortality on health care expenditure. Conclusion: The study clearly shows that health care expenditure of local governance was not correlated with health care need factors comparing social welfare expenditure.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.198-206
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• 2009

Recently, there has been a trend designing a consistent and uniform regional identity in South Korean provinces as demonstrated by efforts in Chungcheongnam buk-Do. The motivating goals have been to establish an identity for local residents, provide voluntary services, achieve higher value-added business, introduce new management strategies, and establish a local brand through the exportation of local specialties. The by-products of these goals when accomplished include: maintaining a consistent policy, securing governmental economic efficiency of the province, characterizing local culture and improving quality of life. In this study, I tried to find out whether a local logo which is associated with a city plays a core role in the city's identity by comparing each symbol's shape, color and other components which are ways of expressing its meaning. In this respect, I analyzed the type of the Chungcheongnam buk-Do's symbol marks (30) and tried to suggest the desirable direction in developing symbol marks.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.87-99
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• 2020

This study was conducted to analyze the current state and symbolic meanings of floral emblem designation in local governments of South Korea. The scope of local governments subject to analysis was limited to special city, metropolitan city, province, self-governing province, city, self-governing city, county and district based on their administrative divisions. The floral emblems of local governments and their symbolic meanings as of 2019 were examined. A total of 44 plant species were designated as floral emblems. Many plant species with high designation frequency were included in Rhododendron spp., Rosa spp., Camellia spp., Magnolia spp., and Prunus spp.. Plant species with higher designation frequency tended to have more symbolic meanings. A total of 155 terms were used for the symbolic meanings assigned to all the designated floral emblems. The major symbolic meanings were relevant to material affluence or economic growth, community spirit, and personality generally required from local residents. Most of the plant species linked to the top 10 most frequently assigned terms in symbolic meaning were those of the top 10 most frequently designated floral emblems. In the case of floral emblems with high designation frequency, it was shown that they were linked with various symbolic meanings in order to grant identity with regional distinctiveness and differentiation, regardless of the symbolic meaning that the designated flowers generally have. However, the floral emblems with low designation frequency seem to have relatively strong physical or emotional relevance with local governments and thus are expected to have high utilization in regional branding and tourism marketing.