• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.123-126
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• 1998

The magneto-impedance (MI) has been measured in the annealed Co66Fe4Ni1B14Si15 amorphous ribbon for the evaluation of anisotropy field. MI at the frequency of 10 MHz is related to the transverse permeability from rotational magnetization depending on the local anisotropy field. MI varies sensitively with the annealing temperature, reflecting the change of anisotropy field distribution. The local anisotropy fields evaluated from MI Profiles are discussed in terms of the magnetic softness and microstructural change by the annealing.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.429-433
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• 2010

Objective : This prospective study evaluated the use of continuous sedation using propofol and remifentanil when carpal tunnel release (CTR) was performed under local anesthesia. Methods : We sedated 60 patients undergoing CTR using local anesthesia with remifentanil at loading and continuous doses of $0.5\;{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}$ and $0.05\;{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}min^{-1}$, respectively, and propofol, using a target controlled infusion (TCI) pump set to a target of $2\;{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ (group A), or with the same drug doses except that the continuous remifentanil dose was $0.07\;{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}min^{-1}$ (group B) or $0.1\;{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}min^{-1}$ (group C). Results : In group B, the levels of pain when local anesthetics were administered (p = 0.001), intraoperative pain (p < 0.001) and anxiety (p = 0.001) were significantly lower than those of group A. Furthermore, the incidence of adverse events, including desaturation (p < 0.001) and vomiting (p = 0.043), was significantly lower in group B than in group C. Conclusion : Continuous sedation using an appropriate dose of remifentanil and propofol can be used as safe, efficacious ambulatory anesthesia in cases of CTR under local anesthesia, performed using only 2 mL of local anesthetic, with a high degree of patient satisfaction.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.457-464
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• 2003

Given a Riemannian manifold (M, $\alpha$) with an almost Hermitian structure f and a non-vanishing covariant vector field b, consider the generalized Randers metric $L\;=\;{\alpha}+{\beta}$, where $\beta$ is a special singular Riemannian metric defined by b and f. This metric L is called an (a, b, f)-metric. We compute the inverse and the determinant of the fundamental tensor ($g_{ij}$) of an (a, b, f)-metric. Then we determine the maximal domain D of $TM{\backslash}O$ for an (a, b, f)-manifold where a y-local Finsler structure L is defined. And then we show that any (a, b, f)-manifold is quasi-C-reducible and find a condition under which an (a, b, f)-manifold is C-reducible.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.23 no.1 s.29
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• pp.57-64
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• 1990

Since the reservoir of leptospires organism is consisted of a broad spectrum of animals, the best method of prevention is vaccination. The clinical trial of leptospires vaccine conducted on human volunteer for its immunogenicity and safety. Summarized results are as following : 1. The Oral temperature among vaccinated group ranged from $36.7{\pm}0.46^{\circ}C\;to\;37.0{\pm}0.34^{\circ}C$, while in placebo injected group it ranged from $36.4{\pm}0.46^{\circ}C\;to\;36.7{\pm}0.53^{\circ}C$. There was no association between vaccination and fever (p>0.05) 2. Mild local reactions revealed in vaccinees were swelling (50-75% ), Redness($75{\sim}90%$), and induration ($25{\sim}40%$). Placebo injected group revealed only redness in 12.5% in 1st injection and 37.5% in second injection. The duration local reactions on injection site for th vaccinees and place groups disappeared within 48 hours. 3. Generalized Symptoms complained by the vaccinees were myalgia (25%), back pain(15%), headache (15%), pruritus(15%), and abdominal pain(10%), whereas placebo group complained of headache (25%), myalgia(12.5%), back pain(12.5%), pain in eyes(12.5%), abdominal pain(12.5%) pruritus (12.5%) and nausea(12.5%). 4. The serological test(MAT) of vaccinees showed geometric mean antibody titer as follows : a. L. icterohemorrhagiae lai 1 week after 1st vaccination : 22.45 1 week after 2nd vaccination : 111.23 3 week after 2nd vaccination : 266.64 b. L. canicola canicola 1 week after 1st vaccination : 24.62 1 week after 2nd vaccination : 123.92 3 week after 2nd vaccination : 276.55 c. L. icterohemorrhagiae copenhageni 1 week after 1st vaccination : 28.28 1 week after 2nd vaccination : 128.55 3 week after 2nd vaccination : 247.88 Whereas all of the place injected group showed below 1:20 titers. The sero-conversion rate of vaccinees were 100 percent.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.7-11
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• 2008

In order to enhance standardization and interoperability of local level systems, AHU control network was designed with basement(8 point) and basis story(15 point) and then the network was constructed by power line communication. Each devices of AHU system were programed with neuron C of $L_{ON}W_{ORKS}$ as an open protocol. As a result of a study, each devices of the network were controlled with self dispersion process by $L_{ON}W_{ORKS}$ protocol and wiring could be reduced by power line communication.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.94-95
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• 2003

Local cytosolic rises of $Ca^{2+}$ appears to be critical in the regulation of many cellular activities, including muscle contraction, neurotransmitter secretion, and cell death. Cardiac $Ca^{2+}$ signaling similarly begins with discrete and localized rises of $Ca^{2+}$($Ca^{2+}$ sparks) triggered by $Ca^{2+}$ current ($I_{Ca}$). The large local releases of $Ca^{2+}$ in turn modulate L-type $Ca_{v}$1.2( ${\alpha}_{1C}$ $Ca^{2+}$ channels, suggesting that discrete $Ca^{2+}$ cross-signaling may occur in the micro-domains of ${\alpha}_{1C}$/ryanodine receptors (RyRs). (omitted)

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.188-189
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• 2016

ITER AC/DC Converter Local Controller는 플라즈마 제어 시스템에서 요구하는 전압 전류 명령에 따라 초전도 코일에 전류를 공급하고 컨버터 System 자체 보호 기능, 초전도 코일시스템 이상 시 Bypass 및 코일 에너지를 계통에 회생하여 에너지를 방전하여야 한다. 코일 별로 플라즈마 제어에 필요한 높은 전압 전류는 전원 장치의 직렬 접속이 요구되고(2직렬, 4직렬, 6직렬) 제어적으로 이들 제어 시스템들은 신뢰도가 높은 디지털 설계를 요구 한다. 본 논문은 다 직렬 전원 장치 제어를 위한 Local Controller의 설계 내용을 논의하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.557-578
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• 2013

For an ideal $\mathcal{I}$ of a preadditive category $\mathcal{A}$, we study when the canonical functor $\mathcal{C}:\mathcal{A}{\rightarrow}\mathcal{A}/\mathcal{I}$ is local. We prove that there exists a largest full subcategory $\mathcal{C}$ of $\mathcal{A}$, for which the canonical functor $\mathcal{C}:\mathcal{C}{\rightarrow}\mathcal{C}/\mathcal{I}$ is local. Under this condition, the functor $\mathcal{C}$, turns out to be a weak equivalence between $\mathcal{C}$, and $\mathcal{C}/\mathcal{I}$. If $\mathcal{A}$ is additive (with splitting idempotents), then $\mathcal{C}$ is additive (with splitting idempotents). The category $\mathcal{C}$ is ample in several cases, such as the case when $\mathcal{A}$=Mod-R and $\mathcal{I}$ is the ideal ${\Delta}$ of all morphisms with essential kernel. In this case, the category $\mathcal{C}$ contains, for instance, the full subcategory $\mathcal{F}$ of Mod-R whose objects are all the continuous modules. The advantage in passing from the category $\mathcal{F}$ to the category $\mathcal{F}/\mathcal{I}$ lies in the fact that, although the two categories $\mathcal{F}$ and $\mathcal{F}/\mathcal{I}$ are weakly equivalent, every endomorphism has a kernel and a cokernel in $\mathcal{F}/{\Delta}$, which is not true in $\mathcal{F}$. In the final section, we extend our theory from the case of one ideal$\mathcal{I}$ to the case of $n$ ideals $\mathcal{I}_$, ${\ldots}$, $\mathca{l}_n$.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.55.2-55.2
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• 2010

최근 태양전지에 대한 연구가 본격적으로 진행 중인 가운데 Local back contact 태양전지에 대한 연구가 새로운 이슈로 떠오르고 있다. LBC 구조의 태양전지는 후면 passivation에 대한 최적화 공정이 가장 중요하다. 후면 passivation으로 사용되는 물질로는 $SiO_2$, SiNx, $Al_2O_3$ 등의 산화막이 대표적이다. 본 연구에서는 LBC 구조 태양전지의 후면 passivation 박막으로 사용되는 $SiO_2$ 산화막의 공정가변에 따른 박막의 특성을 비교 분석하였다. $SiO_2$ 성장은 RTP를 사용하였다. 성장 온도 $850^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 진행하였으며, 4L/min의 $O_2$분위기에서 진행하였다. 공정 시간 5분 일 때 12.5nm, 15분 일 때 21.7nm의 두께의 박막을 성장 시킬 수 있었다. Carrier lifetime 확인 결과 박막의 두께가 얇을수록 lifetime이 향상함을 확인 할 수 있었고, C-V 측정을 통한 charge 비교를 통해 두께가 얇은 박막 일수록 더 적은 positive charge를 갖고있는 것을 확인 할 수 있었으며 이를 통해 passivation 효과가 우수함을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.104-114
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• 2023

In this study, the distribution, bait preference, hosts, symbionts, habitat status, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences of the ant Linepithema humile were analyzed. This species habitat comprised approximately 1.5 km along stone crevices, flower gardens, roadsides, and container yards in the vicinity of Busan station, Korea. Feeding activity of this species was confirmed in 9 species of 7 families of plants. Which was approximately 14% of total flora (63 species of 37 families) in the studied area. Particularly, it was observed that Dendranthema indicum and Camellia japonica were the most frequently visited. Further, we verified that they interacted with four species of aphids. We identified 22 species of ants (17 genera, 4 subfamilies) inhabiting the Busan station area, including L. humile, Tetramorium tsushimae, Nylanderia flavipes and the alien species Paratrechina longicornis. In areas where L. humile was the dominant species, the habitat of local native ants was reduced by approximately 30%. Bait preference was ranked in the following order: jelly, water with glucose (25%), and yogurt, with the highest preference for baits containing sugar and protein. The 630-bp cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences of the local L. humile populations were 99% identical to those of L. humile in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, and the Argentine ants that invaded Korea had a sequence identical to that of other invasive populations from China, Japan, and New Zealand. As L. humile rapidly increases due to domestic adaptation, continuous monitoring and control strategy for eradication are needed to protect domestic biodiversity.