• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.37-75
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• 2001

Technological systems are defined as network(s) consisting of technological infrastructure, industrial organization, and institutional infrastructure. This paper reviews SEMATECH in the U.S. and VLSI Program in Korea as a technological system for semiconductor, which is an advanced technology. Several issues are addressed : how did they get started\ulcorner ; how have they been evolved\ulcorner ; how have the actors and institutions within the system interacted\ulcorner ; what role has the government played in that process\ulcorner Both systems were created by their government, respectively, and they have been evaluated as successful. However, while SEMATECH became complete eough in terms of technological infrastructure, industrial organization, and institutional infrastructure to generate sufficient increasing returns to develop in a self-reinforcing way, a series of VLSI program in Korea is still operated discontinuously under the government subsidy. SEMATECH is more flexible and stable than Korea's VLSI program in that the system has a centralized structure and has been managed and staffed by industry substantially. In addition, both cases show that a technological system may evolve having connections with foreign technological systems and local sub-systems beyond nations, regions and industries. Many other similarities, contrasts, and insights for technological policy from each country's experiences are presented.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.459-469
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• 2017

Recently, the third mission as the new role of the university is being emphasized as contributing to the local community through active participation in local and regional problems as well as an economic contribution as an entrepreneurial university. Thus, overseas universities started various university-industry collaboration activities targeting sustainable development based on local community and improve their roles for regional regeneration and innovation. Universities in Korea also tend to set up a cooperative governance with various agents in the local community via university financial support projects by the government and started to promote the university-industry collaboration project for solving the problem of the local community. Therefore, this research tries to find implications in order to expand the role and responsibility as local university and reinforce substantiality and enhancement of university-industry collaboration through a case analysis of university-industry collaboration to solve the problem in local communities in foreign countries. In order to solve the problem of local communities based on local agents-led small-sized projects, it is requested to improve the more active role of the university, local governments and university students.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.494-507
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• 2021

This study conducted a regression analysis on 312 local government officials in Gyeonggi-do to verify the hypothesis on the relationship between job autonomy and organizational citizenship behavior. Path analysis was conducted to analyze the mediating effect of organizational fairness recognition and the moderating effect of self-efficacy. Looking at the analysis results, first, it was confirmed that the higher the degree of job autonomy perceived by the members of the organization, the more positive (+) organizational citizenship behavior was. Second, the partial mediating effect of procedural justice was confirmed in the relationship between autonomy and organizational citizenship behavior. On the other hand, the mediating effect of distributional justice was rejected in the relationship between autonomy and organizational citizenship behavior. Third, self-efficacy controlled the mediating role between job autonomy and organizational citizenship behavior in recognition of procedural justice. Fourth, it was analyzed that self-efficacy plays a controlling role between job autonomy and organizational citizenship behavior. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of organizational behavior theory through preceding factors of organizational citizenship behavior to improve the organizational performance of local public officials.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.99-103
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• 2010

Integrated management systems (IMS) that control entire sewerage facilities in the upper reaches of multi-purpose dams are being constructed for their efficient operation and management. However, because the IMS installed in a watershed belong to several local government bodies, significant conflict would be expected between stakeholders in the process of deciding who should control the IMS after completion of the construction that was initially implemented under the support of central government. The objective of this study was to suggest a decision making to determine who should control the IMS for sewerage facilities in the upper reaches of multipurpose dams in Korea, using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Three alternatives were selected to determine who should control the IMS for sewerage facilities: commissioning to public corporations, commissioning to private corporations, and a role-sharing partnership. In using the AHP technique, the emphasis was on comparing public interests, economics, efficiency, sustainability, specialty, grievance mediation and receptiveness. As a result, building a role-sharing partnership received the highest score. Commissioning to a special institute was also suggested as an alternative as this showed a score similar to that of building a role-sharing partnership.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.235-246
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• 2003

Due to major disasters Korea has been damaged, and they caused lots of casualties: for last ten years natural disasters caused 1288 deaths including missing people; human disasters including industrial disasters brought as many as 4,512.148 casual ties (126,372 deaths with 4,385,400 injuries); and they cost 44.1 trillion property damage. However, even though major disasters have brought about tremendous human loss and property damage, Koreas National Disaster Medical System to rescue casualties is insufficient, and it has not been activated. Fortunately, through major disaster management process, the National Disaster Management System has been developed, increasing its own efficiency, and resulting in to organize an Office of Firefighting and Prevention of Disasters under the central government. Considering the value of human lives, the disaster medical part, in the U.S.A. as well as in Korea, must have an independent organization in the government, not as one sector of the government department. It will have its own organizational structure, such as disaster planning, operation, and logistics, and interact with central and local government or between local government agencies. So each agency will cooperate and supply resources interchangeably. Also, with the system of disaster management and restoration, the disaster medical system must be advanced in keeping step. Its role must be extended due to the possibility of biological terror or SARS around the world, resulting in severe casualties. Korea has the Emergency Medical Service System based on the regulation of emergency medical care, yet it is a part of the National Disaster Management System. It must be managed independently apart from it. As we see the emergency medical technicians playing as the backbone in disaster medical care in the US, we should have legal foundations for Koreas emergency medical technicians, emergency medical providers, to participate in rescue operation actively. At the same time, we need to have a national register system to classify disaster medical resources, and a total plan to place resources according to the impact of disaster, and how to organize teams. We also need to draw up a scheme to activate civil disaster medical resources, as integrating public and private or voluntary organizations.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.19-33
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• 2010

As one of the most traffic devices, bus has played a great role in Korea for the last years. However, a great many peoples in big cities have continually decreased with the increase of private car ownership. It causes lower quality of bus service and unstability of operation in many bus companies. In the several local government, the operation system of bus was changed to Bus Quasi-Public Operating System. The aim of this study is to assess the effects and to suggest improvement strategies of Bus QPOS. According to the results of the analysis, Bus QPOS has brought various positive effects, but it has occurred negative effects, especially a much increase of government subsidies to bus company. To resolve a negative effects, government should examine the whole condition of bus operations. This study suggests strategies to improve Bus QPOS, which is including transparency of management, fair assessment system, standard cost system for bus operations.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.127-138
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• 2001

I. introduction. A government goal at the present is established to make a welfare nation and to keep people's safe living, but it is criticised that when a large-scale disaster happens, the authority concerned could not deal with it, causing many people injured and material damage. Moreover, in these days, cities have many risk factors. extremely large and intelligent building, industrial facilities and underground equipment have many risk themselves along with scientific progress. The cope with disaster effectively, government must have efficient organization, skillful personnel, tool, facilities and so on. To reduce the damages, what's the most effective government organization\ulcorner II. Government organization for managing disaster In a few decades, a large-sized accidents broke out in korea, for example, collapse of Sampoong department store, break of Sungso bridge, explosion of Daegu city gas, gas explosion accident at Ahyon-dong etc. but government has not any adequate disaster response organization. Especially, after collapse of Sampoong department store broke out, Disaster Management Act is enacted to solve the past problem. According to Disaster management Act, disaster is limited in manmaid disaster. Therefore, in this thesis, disaster management is inspected theoretically, organization of disaster management for pattern of disaster, and role, duty of government organization, emergency relief organization system and actual conditions are analyzed. there are some problems. there are trials and errors. the government has changed the disaster management organization by the disaster management law. the organization consists of central and local government. but both of government do not work together harmoniously. in thesis, I would like to introduce the advanced nations disaster management organization, and study our central, local government organization. III. Conclusion Change and development of the government disaster management organization is the goal of this thesis. we have to increase public service in response and manage disaster. protecting civilian's life from the disaster is very important responsibility of government. there would be better way of government disaster management organization.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.65-70
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• 2024

The major challenge in promoting large-scale offshore wind power projects is securing local acceptance. Several recent studies have emphasized the crucial role of local governments in addressing this problem. However, local governments have difficulty in achieving clear results because of the lack of expertise and manpower in offshore wind power projects, making thempassive in promoting these initiatives. In this context, we briefly introduce the case of Shinan-gun, which recently successfully conducted a pre-feasibility study on a large-scale offshore wind power complex led by the local government.

• Architectural research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.85-95
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• 2020

While there has been a substantial amount of studies on public rental housing of Korea, most have focused on housing policy changes, international comparisons, and current characteristics and future prospects. This article aims to examine the evolving roles of the national and local governments, and the private sector in provision of Korea's public rental housing. The findings suggest that one, although the wave of neoliberalism and financial crisis have prompted the national government to reduce its role and to encourage engagement of other actors by utilizing incentivizing tools, it has continued to assume a central position in formulating and implementing housing supply plans. Two, local governments have played a marginal role throughout the history of public rental housing supply, although they have expanded their participation through redevelopment projects and utilization of existing housings. Three, private sector actors have expanded their role to delivering public benefits of making housing available for a wider range of populace leveraging various incentives that make projects financially more feasible. The study poses a question on how responsibilities and risks can appropriately be allocated among three key actors to achieve housing welfare going forward.

• 지역과문화
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-29
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to have an opportunity to enhance the role of cultural intermediaries in the region as interest in the cultural media sector increased with the implementation of the Law for Promotion of Regional Culture. First, I discussed the need to pay attention to the local Cultural Intermediaries group as the background of the discussion, confirming that the existing research on the cultural mediation sector was focused on cultural workers in public institutions and government projects. Next, for the theoretical discussion, I reviewed the role of cultural intermediaries contributing to the production of meaning via the concept of cultural intermediaries by Pierre Bourdieu, and described that the mediation of regions and cultures began to emerge as an alternative to the existing centralized structure of cultural production in the context of Korea after the late 1990s. It was found that practices that mediate the region and culture were developed around the group of public artists and cultural activists and the intermediary group played a role in revealing various aspects of the region and dynamically constructing the local public sphere through these cultural practices. Lastly, local curator's cases (Space Beam, Space Imsi, Incheon Spectacle) were studied. The actual cases of activity were analyzed through the cultural practices by focusing on what alternative meanings had been produced in the region and how the region was represented. Each case showed the mediating activity that attempts to change the environment of life while sharing local issues with communities, projects that reconstructs the local professional art sector into a public sphere, and mediating activity that represents local daily culture and form networks through independent publications.