• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.50-63
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• 2014

Eco-tourism has been recognized as a form of sustainable development that simultaneously satisfies the need for environmental preservation and the activation of local economies. Although some research findings relating to its positive environmental and social effects have been published, there is still controversy regarding its pros and cons in terms of its actual economic benefits, and little research about how they can be increased. Thus, the following research analyzes how the tour activities, attitudes and satisfaction of 314 actual visitors was related with their consumption behaviors, by surveying tourists to Suncheon Bay, a highly popular destination with a large number of visitors. The results are as follows. First, if the tourists were involved in a link-up tour, had prior eco-tourism experience, or had researched information on SunCheon bay eco-tourism before their visit, these were all positively correlated with consumption behaviors, and increased the amount of money they spent. In particular, among tour spending activities, accommodation cost is shown to be highly correlated with tour activities. Second, Free Independent Tourist(FIT) tended to show more positive tour attitudes than package tourists, spending more on accommodation and experience programs. The visitors to SunCheon Bay showed strong environmental attitudes, followed by social and cultural attitudes, and economic attitudes, in that order, and tourists with positive attitudes had a high rate of participation in experience programs. In addition, program participants showed a willingness to donate, and high satisfaction. Therefore, the following thesis proposes that Free Independent Tourist(FIT) should be induced to increase their contribution to the local eco-tourism economy, and highlights the need to develop various experience programs, aggressive advertisements and educational activities.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.3-11
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• 2017

The non-mandatory guidance and illogical ordinance of local government generate complicated and vague regulations and procedures. These cause inconvenience in building administration, and give rise to unnecessary social and administrative expenses. The purpose of this study is to suggest the improvement of building administration by local government from an institutional point of view through the literature review and the specialist survey focusing on the problems arising from the building ordinances and non-mandatory guidance. The results of this study are as follows; In the first place, the connection between law and ordinance should be improved in a systematic, definitude manner and high-degree of completion. Second, the monitoring management system should be arranged in order to excavate and improve the non-mandatory guidance. Third, the effort should go into improving ability and disposition of building official. Fourth, it is necessary to materialize and clarify the regulatory contents and adjust them to fit the legal system. Lastly, it is important to reinforce incentives and procedures of verification in order to manage building ordinances of legal government's own free will. In order to improve of building administration by local government, it is necessary to make the structure of sustainable improvement and discuss not only institutional aspect but also elements of building administration in later study.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.983-994
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• 2000

We consider the problem of determining the circle of best fit to a set of data points in the plane. In [1] and [2] several algorithms already have been given for fitting a circle in least squares sense of minimizing the geometric distances to the given data points. In this paper we present another new descent algorithm which computes a parametric represented circle in order to minimize the sum of the squares of the distances to the given points. For any choice of starting values our algorithm has the advantage of ensuring convergence to a local minimum. Numerical examples are given.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.652-658
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• 1998

We introduce the concept of a bi-population scheme for real-coded GAs consisting of an explorer sub-Ga and an exploiter sub-GA. The explorer sub-GA mainly performs global exploration of the search space, and incorporates a restart mechanism to help avoid being trapped at local optima. The exploiter sub-GA performs exploitation of fit local areas of the search space around the neighborhood of the best-so-far solution. Thus the search function of the algorithm is divided. the proposed technique exhibits performance significantly superior to standard GAs on two complex highly multimodal problems.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.611-622
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• 2019

This paper considers the estimation of the long memory parameter in nonparametric regression with strongly correlated errors. The key idea is to minimize a unified mean squared error of long memory parameter to select both kernel bandwidth and the number of frequencies used in exact local Whittle estimation. A unified mean squared error framework is more natural because it provides both goodness of fit and measure of strong dependence. The block bootstrap is applied to evaluate the mean squared error. Finite sample performance using Monte Carlo simulations shows the closest performance to the oracle. The proposed method outperforms existing methods especially when dependency and sample size increase. The proposed method is also illustreated to the volatility of exchange rate between Korean Won for US dollar.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2002

The five space density distribution D(z) wish distance perpendicular to the Galactic plane were combined. The scale heights and the local densities at z = 0 of the thin disk, thick disk, and the halo components were estimated from the nonlinear least square fits of exponential law. The scale heights of the thin disk, thick disk, and the halo components were estimated to be $260{\pm}90$ pc, $660{\pm}220$ pc, and $3.6{\pm}1.4$ kpc, respectively. The density ratio of each components to the thin disk component at the galactic plane, i.e., z = 0.0, were also derived as 1 :0.07:0.002. Our model fit suggests that the thick disk component has a local density of 6.9% relative to the thin disk.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.12A
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• pp.1349-1355
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• 2004

In tile wireless communication networks although the modulation and demodulation structure with proposed BOWLIS algorithm is a little confusing but we certified that it is fit structure in fast operation processing and high speed wireless LAM system that is more strong on frequence and electro magnetic interference because it process the inputted data within 2.8Us that is faster 0.4Us than 3.2Us in standard form. Also we certified that in the sigtlt of consuming power it is better than pipe-lined structure because of reducing the processing step to 4.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.61.3-61.3
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• 2017

We have studied the high-resolution $H{\alpha}$ and Ca II $8542{\AA}$ line profiles of Ellerman Bombs (EBs) obtained with the Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph (FISS) installed on the 1.6m Goode Solar Telescope (GST) in Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO). The FISS spectra of EBs are compared with synthetic profiles computed using RH non-LTE radiative transfer code and a set of 1D atmospheric models with local transient heating, the latter of which is modeled by varying local temperature enhancement in magnitude and height. We could reproduce each of the observed $H{\alpha}$ and Ca II line profiles separately with different atmospheric models, but not with a single atmospheric model. To fit the observed $H{\alpha}$ lines we often need much higher temperature enhancements than those needed for fitting Ca II lines. Possible causes for this temperature mismatch are briefly discussed.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-64
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• 2000

The purposes of the study were to identify the present status of the agricultural extension services in Korea and its surrounding environment, and to search the desirable ways of improvement under the serious restructuring period occurred by the nation-wide localization, globalization and development of information technology. Agricultural extension services have made great accomplishment in the education for rural people and agricultural technology diffusion, but agricultural extension service system no longer well fits in the changed environment. Agricultural extension services in Korea should restructure the system, function and methods in order to cope with the changing technology and rural society. The objectives of the extension services should be clear and simplified so that the extension workers can understand their role and duty more clearly. The local governments should encourage the extension workers to carry out their services diligently and with the pride. Also, the extension workers should change their mind to fit in the changing world and should improve their capability for their services.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.219-222
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• 2001

The planning of the central green space (residential park) in a residential quarter is an effective way of increasing public space in the process of urban development and urban renewal. It is regarded as an important technical project in the detail plan of a residential quarter in order to create a better environment in the residential quarters. The scale of a residential park, normally not less than 5000㎡, is defined according to the land-use conditions and the local population. The site should have easy access for the residents, and fit into the surrounding landscape and Fengshui whenever possible. It should also satisfy various leisure needs of the local residents at all ages. The design of the park should be friendly to the residents'interests, hobbies and aspirations. The artistic style of the landscape is to emphasize on delightfulness, harmony and warmness.