• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.287-294
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• 2018

Mandibular third molar extraction is commonly performed in dental clinics. However, the optimal method of anesthesia has not been established for this procedure. The conventional inferior alveolar nerve block is the most widely used method. However, its success rate is not high and it may lead to complications, such as aspiration and nerve injury. Therefore, various anesthesia methods are being investigated. Articaine has been proven to be efficacious in a number of studies and is being used with increasing frequency in clinical practice. In this review article, we will briefly review various local anesthesia techniques, anesthetics, and a computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) system, which reduces pain by controlling the speed of drug injection, for mandibular third molar extraction.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 1990

The solid and protein yields and extraction properties of color pigments were compared for 7 varieties of soybeans during soaking in water at $4-100^{\circ}C$. The varieties investigated were Paldal, Danyeob, Jangbaek, Baegun, Jangyeob and 2 cultivars of Local 1 and Local 2. The Hunter values showed that Jangbaek was the highest in 'L' value while other varieties except Local 1 and Local 2 were comparatively high in 'L' value. Local 1 and Local 2 were low in 'b' value. The yields of solid and protein during water extraction showed that most of solids and proteins were recovered with three consecutive extractions. The cumulated yields were 73.2 % for solid and 83.2 % for protein. Extraction of color pigments of seed coats in $4-100^{\circ}C$ water showed that the extraction rate was very much dependent on extraction time and temperature. A linear relationship of A=aT+b was obtained for equilibrated absorbance(A) and extraction temperature(T). The activation energy calculated from initial extraction rate of cole. pigments and temperature had two different values of low($4-60^{\circ}C$) and high($60-100^{\circ}C$) temperature range.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07e
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• pp.2108-2111
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• 2003

This paper introduces a new local feature extraction method and image matching method for the localization and classification of targets. Proposed method is based on the block-by-block projection associated with directional pattern of blocks. Each pattern has its own eigen-vertors called as CEBs(Classified Eigen-Blocks). Also proposed block-based image matching method is robust to translation and occlusion. Performance of proposed feature extraction and matching method is verified by the face localization and FLIR-vehicle-image classification test.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) after tooth extraction in patients with osteoporosis on oral bisphosphonates in Korea and to evaluate local factors affecting the development of BRONJ. Materials and Methods: The clinical records of 320 patients who underwent dental extraction while receiving oral bisphosphonates were reviewed. All patients had a healing period of more than 6 months following the extractions. Each patient's clinical record was used to assess the incidence of BRONJ; if BRONJ occurred, a further radiographic investigation was carried out to obtain a more definitive diagnosis. Various local factors including age, gender, extraction site, drug type, duration of administration, and C-terminal telopeptide (CTx) level were retrieved from the patients' clinical records for evaluating their effect on the incidence of BRONJ. Results: Among the 320 osteoporotic patients who underwent tooth extraction, 11 developed BRONJ, reflecting an incidence rate of 3.44%. Out of the local factors that may affect the incidence of BRONJ, gender, drug type, and CTx level showed no statistically significant effects, while statistically significant associations were found for age, extraction site, and duration of administration. The incidence of BRONJ increased with age, was greater in the mandible than the maxilla, and was associated with a duration of administration of more than 3 years. Conclusion: Tooth extraction in patients on oral bisphosphonates requires careful consideration of their age, the extraction site, and the duration of administration, and close postoperative follow-up should be carried out to facilitate effective early management.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.311-317
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• 2009

An automatic control system is proposed and implemented for a miniaturized DNA extraction system using magnetic bead. A host-local system is employed for the accommodation of the graphical user interface and the basic control function. The functional partitioning into the local and the host system is discussed. The control functions are classified and formalized for the flexible control scenario, which is the input of the proposed system. As the proposed scenario is consists of the sequence of the user-centric actions, the user goal can be easily programmed and modified. The DNA extraction performance of the implemented system was compared with the existing silica-membrane-based method, resulting in the comparable concentration and purity of the extracted DNA. The proposed system is currently being utilized for the development of the DNA extraction system only changing scenario, without any alteration of the system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.31B no.2
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• pp.28-34
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• 1994

In this paper, a new time-domain parameter extraction method for speech recognition is proposed. The suggested emthod is based on the fact that the local peak-to-peak interval, i.e., the interval between maxima and minima of speech waveform is closely related to the frequency component of the speech signal. The parameterization is achieved by a sort of filter bank technique in the time domain. To test the proposed parameter extraction emthod, an isolated word recognizer based on Vector Quantization and Hidden Markov Model was constructed. As a test material, 22 words spoken by ten males were used and the recognition rate of 92.9% was obtained. This result leads to the conclusion that the new parameter extraction method can be used for speech recognition system. Since the proposed method is processed in the time domain, the real-time parameter extraction can be implemented in the class of personal computer equipped onlu with an A/D converter without any DSP board.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.147-150
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of single antiplatelet treatment on delayed bleeding, in patients undergoing dental extraction. A total of 154 teeth were extracted in 94 patients with ongoing antiplatelet treatment, who were taking single antiplatelet of either aspirin or clopidogrel. All patients underwent simple dental extraction; local hemostasis was performed with gauze-biting, suturing, and/or application of a local hemostatic agent. Delayed bleeding was recorded in 5 teeth out of a total of 154 teeth after extraction, the incidence of postoperative delayed bleeding being 3.2%. The bleeding was controlled by the patients themselves, through application of pressure with additional gauze-biting. No one visited the doctor or emergency room for hemostasis. These results confirmed that patients taking single antiplatelet drugs may have teeth extracted safely without interruption of the antiplatelet treatment.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2016

Regarding global and local factors of a set of features, a given single image or multiple images is a common approach in image processing. This paper introduces an application of an adaptive version of non-local filter whose original version searches non-local similarity for removing noise. Since most images involve texture partner in both foreground and background, extraction of signified regions with texture is a challenging task. Aiming to the detection of visual attention regions for images with texture, we present the contrast analysis of image patches located in a whole image but not nearby with assistance of the adaptive filter for estimation of non-local divergence. The method allows extraction of signified regions with texture of images of wild life. Experimental results for a benchmark demonstrate the ability of the proposed method to deal with the mentioned challenge.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.58 no.7
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• pp.404-411
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• 2020

This study reports the unusual complications of 22-year-old male who presented with sudden hearing loss after the right mandibular third molar extraction under local anesthesia with 3.6 ml of 2 % lidocaine. Total 8.75 mg of oral dexamethasone for 1 week immediately after extraction was prescribed in department of oral and maxillofacial surgery but hearing did not improve after 1 week. As referral to otolaryngology, total 600 mg of oral methylon and hyperbaric oxygen therapies were operated for 2 weeks. The hearing of patient was improved at 6 weeks after extraction but tinnitus was persisted even after 12 months. The reason and treatment were discussed with literature review, searching with the keywords ['hearing loss' AND ('dental' OR 'tooth extraction'OR'teeth extraction')] in PubMed and Google scholar at October 2019. Total five cases were reported after tooth extraction with local anesthesia. The sudden hearing loss could be associated with local anesthesia containing vasoconstrictors. Early steroid (extensive medication and intra-tympanic injection) and hyperbaric oxygen therapies were recommended within 2 weeks. As a proper treatment, hearing could be improved but other additional symptoms, such as tinnitus, dizziness, might be remained.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.233-240
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• 2020

Background: Palatal injection of local anesthetics is the most painful injection. To obviate the need for palatal injections, local anesthetic agents with diffusibility are being investigated. Hence the present study was designed to analyze the anesthetic efficacy of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride (HCl) with 1:100,000 adrenaline and 4% articaine hydrochloride (HCl) with 1:100,000 adrenaline using single buccal infiltration for the extraction of maxillary premolars. Methods: A prospective, double-blind, crossover, randomized clinical study was performed on 60 consecutive systemically healthy patients with an age range of 15-30 years, requiring extraction of asymptomatic bilateral maxillary premolars for orthodontic purposes. They received 1ml buccal infiltration of 4% articaine HCl with 1:100,000 adrenaline on one side and 2% lidocaine HCl with 1:100,000 adrenaline on the other side. The extraction procedure on either side was scheduled 14 days apart. Parameters assessed were the time of onset of anesthesia, intraoperative discomfort, hemodynamic parameters, and the duration of analgesia. Analysis of the data was done using the Mann-Whitney test, the Wilcoxon test, the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test, and the chi-square test. Statistical significance was established at P < 0.05. Results: Articaine showed a faster time of onset and longer duration of analgesia than lidocaine. However, the difference in the intraoperative discomfort and hemodynamic parameters was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that the extraction of maxillary premolars can be performed with a single buccal infiltration of 2% lidocaine HCl with 1:100,000 adrenaline, which is one of the most commonly used local anesthetic agent.