• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.543-551
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• 2011

Steam generator tubes for nuclear power plants contain the local shape transitions on their inner or outer surface such as dent, bulge, over-expansion, eccentricity, deflection, and so on by the application of physical force during the tube manufacturing and steam generator assembling and by the sludge (that is, corrosion products) produced during the plant operation. The structural integrity of tubes will be degraded by generating the corrosive crack at that location. The profilometry using the traditional bobbin probes which are currently applied for measuring the profile change of tubes gives us basic information such as axial locations and average magnitudes of deformations. However, the three-dimensional quantitative evaluation on circumferential locations, distributional angle, and size of deformations will have to be conducted to understand the effects of residual stresses increased by local deformations on corrosive cracking of tubes. Steam generator tubes of Korean standard nuclear power plants expanded within their tube-sheets by the explosive expansion method and suffered from corrosive cracks in the early stage of power operation. Thus, local deformations of steam generator tubes at the top of tube-sheet were measured with an advanced rotating probe and a laser profiling system for the two cases where the tubes expanded by the explosive expansion method and hydraulic expansion. Also, the trends of eccentricity, deflection, and over-expansion of tubes were evaluated. The advanced eddy current profilometry was confirmed to provide accurate information of local deformations compared with laser profilometry.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.81-93
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• 1989

본(本) 논문(論文)에서는 충돌(衝突)이나 중량물(重量物) 낙하(落下)등에 의한 사고하중(事故荷重)을 받는 해양구조물(海洋構造物)의 원통부재(圓筒部材)에 대한 손상변형거동(損傷變形擧動)을 실용적(實用的)으로 추정(推定)할 수 있는 새로운 손상예측(損傷豫測) 모델을 제안(提案)한다. 본(本) 논문(論文)은 하중속도(荷重速度)가 비교적(比較的) 느리고 준정적(準靜的) 문제(問題)로서 다룰수 있는 경우만을 대상(對象)으로 하고 있다. 본연구(本硏究)에서 취급하는 원통부재(圓筒部材)는 양단단순(兩端單純) 지지(支持)되어 있고 축방향(軸方向)의 변위(變位)는 구속(拘束)되어 있으며, 하중(荷重)은 부재(部材)의 중앙위치(中央位置)에서 횡방향(橫方向)으로 작용(作用)한다고 가정(假定)한다. 지금까지의 연구성과(硏究成果) 및 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 직접(直接) 수행(遂行)한 실험결과(實驗結果)를 바탕으로 사고하중작용시(事故荷重作用時)의 원통부재(圓筒部材)에 대한 손상변형거동(損傷變形擧動)을 상세(詳細)히 파악(把握)하고, 국부(局部) Dent 손상(損傷) 및 전체적(全體的)인 굽힘 처짐의 상관효과(相關效果)를 고려(考慮)한 하중-손상변형(荷重-損傷變形) 관계식(關係式)을 도출(導出)하였으며, 실제적(實際的)인 원통부재(圓筒部材)에 대한 실험결과(實驗結果)와 본연구(本硏究)에서 제안(提案)한 예측(豫測) 모델에 의한 추정결과(推定結果)는 잘 대응(對應)하고 있다는 것을 확인(確認)하였다. 특(特)히, 이 같은 하중상태하(荷重狀態下)에서의 실제부재(實際部材)의 손상변형거동(損傷變形擧動)에 대하여는 국부(局部) Dent 손상(損傷)과 전체적(全體的)인 굽힘처짐의 상관효과(相關效果)가 매우 크다는 것을 알았으며, 본예측(本豫測) 모델은 이들의 효과(效果)도 잘 나타내고 있다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제39권11호
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• pp.1005-1012
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 기하학적 비선형 후좌굴해석 및 전역-국지해석을 통하여 얇은 막재에서 주름이 파괴거동에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 해석에서 양단노치 및 일단노치를 가지는 사각형 인장시험 시편형상을 고려하였으며 주름이 발생한 경우와 억제된 경우에 대해 각각 해석을 수행하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. 해석결과의 분석을 통하여 주름의 발달에 따라 J-적분값의 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하였고, 컷 길이에 따른 영향 및 시편형상의 길이 효과에 대해 체계적으로 연구하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권
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• pp.107-123
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• 2002

This paper is intented to present a information of various aspects of quality related characteristics and standards for grades in maize. Maize is world's one of the three most popular cereal crops and a primary energy supplement and can contribute up to 30, 60, and 98% of the dairy diet's protein, net energy, and starch, respectively. Maize is also processed into industrial goods by wet or dry milling. Sweet corn is a leader among vegetable crops and its production for fresh or processing markets is a major industry in many countries. Over the years, the combined efforts of breeders and geneticists, biochemists, food scientists, and others have helped bring us to the point where we understand issues related to sweet corn quality. Traditional criteria for selecting corn hybrids have been based primarily on agronomic factors, including grain production, disease resistance, drought tolerance, and storage characteristics. Little emphasis has been placed on the quality and nutritional values of corn. Although there is widespread interest for value-enhanced corns have increased tremendously in the last five years, there is limited information available on the production and comparing the quality attributes of specialty grains with those of normal yellow dent corn. Most countries have developed national maize standards, aiming to provide a framework for trade, both internal and external. Where trading involves direct choice and price negotiation in front of the commodity, grading standards are rarely employed; quality is assessed visually and is influenced by end-use, and the price is determined more by local rather than national factors. The use of an agreed standard will provide an unambiguous description of the quality of the consignment and assist in the formation of a legally-binding contract. Standards can also be seen to protect consumers rights through setting limits to the amount of unsuitable or noxious material.