• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39A no.8
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• pp.459-466
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• 2014

Fading effect of old pictures and printings is shown up differently according to the ink property, temperature, humidity, illuminants, and so on. Faded image enhancement techniques based on illuminant estimation are proposed such as the gray world algorithm and white patch retinex methods. However, conventional simple operators are not suitable for enhancing faded images because partial fading effect is appeared differently. Thus, this paper presents a color enhancement algorithm based on integrating correction coefficients for faded images. First, the proposed method adopts local process by using multi-scale average mask. The coefficients for each multi-scale average mask are obtained to apply the gray world algorithm. Then, integrating the coefficients with weights is performed to calculate correction ratio for red and blue channels in the gray world assumption. Finally, the enhanced image is obtained by applying the integrated coefficients to the gray world algorithm. In the experimental results, the proposed method reproduces better colors for both wholly and partially faded images compared with the previous methods.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.168-176
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• 2014

Detecting moving objects from a video sequence is a fundamental and critical task in video surveillance, traffic monitoring and analysis, and human detection and tracking. It is very difficult to detect moving objects in a video sequence degraded by the environmental factor such as fog. In particular, the color of an object become similar to the neighbor and it reduces the saturation, thus making it very difficult to distinguish the object from the background. For such a reason, it is shown that the performance and reliability of object detection and tracking are poor in the foggy weather. In this paper, we propose a novel method to improve the performance of object detection, combining a haze removal algorithm and a local histogram-based object tracking method. For the quantitative evaluation of the proposed system, information retrieval measurements, recall and precision, are used to quantify how well the performance is improved before and after the haze removal. As a result, the visibility of the image is enhanced and the performance of objects detection is improved.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.3 no.2 s.6
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• pp.142-156
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• 1994

This paper aims to study on the periodical competition, the program, the jury organization, the reward, and copyright applied to the buildings which were constructed with architectural design competition performed in European and American region between 19c and 20c. The results of this study are as follows; 1. Befor 1900 Period, the type of buildings added to the competition program; between 1900 period and 1950 period, the works of strong nationality and rich local color were preferred; After 1950 period, the design drawings of high symbol and function were chosen 2. There are three types of design competitions: the open design competition, the invited and limited design competition, and the idea design competition. The open design competition has been most often made. 3. The juries were, most of all, composed of professional architects over 30 percent. 4. The program was written about building scale and appointments, described what form drawings, brief notes and air perspective wood have to be submitted. For instance, the use of colour was not permitted in the drawings, as this might possibly mislead the jurors. 5. The reward was given to the winners; the copyright was given to the first prize winner. 6. The standard of entry's qualification was mostly architect 7, Entry term was from a minimum month to a maximum year after annoncement of competition, it was approximetly 63% between 4 months and 8 months. I am convinced that architect gets freedom of pure creation and joy of society service through competition, architect justifies his profession and keep his useful and creative effort to society constantly, as long as the competition exists.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.199-208
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• 1995

In this paper, a neural network architecture which can extract map symbols by being based on the results of physiological and neuropsychological studies on pattern recognition is proposed. This network is composed of multi-layers and synaptic activities of combining layers are implemented by spatial filters which approximate receptive fields of optic nerve cells. In pattern recognition which is followed by color classification for extracting of map symbols from input image, this network is searching for candidatepoints in lower layers (layer 2, 3) by using local features such as lines and end-points and then processing symbols recognition on those points in upper layer(layer 4) by using global features.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.367-373
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• 2013

Background Breast-conserving surgery is widely accepted as an appropriate method in breast cancer, and the lateral thoracodorsal flap provides a simple, reliable technique, especially when a mass is located in the lateral breast. This study describes the usefulness of a lateral thoracodorsal flap after breast conserving surgery in laterally located breast cancer. Methods From September 2008 to February 2013, a lateral thoracodorsal flap was used in 20 patients with laterally located breast cancer treated at our institution. The technique involves a local medially based, wedge shaped, fasciocutaneous transposition flap from the lateral region of the thoracic area. Overall satisfaction and aesthetic satisfaction surveys were conducted with the patients during a 6-month postoperative follow-up period. Aesthetic results in terms of breast shape and symmetry were evaluated by plastic surgeons. Results The average specimen weight was 76.8 g. The locations of the masses were the upper lateral quadrant (n=15), the lower lateral quadrant (n=2), and the central lateral area (n=3). Complications developed in four of the cases, partial flap necrosis in one, wound dehiscence in one, and fat necrosis in two. The majority of the patients were satisfied with their cosmetic outcomes. Conclusions Partial breast reconstruction using a lateral thoracodorsal flap is well matched with breast color and texture, and the surgery is less aggressive than other techniques with few complications. Therefore, the lateral thoracodorsal flap can be a useful, reliable technique in correcting breast deformity after breast conserving surgery, especially in laterally located breast cancer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.281-281
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• 2017

Recently, global warming by greenhouse gas effect is getting danger and danger for human life and agriculture at present. In Indonesia, according to heavy rain in the agriculture land is often covered by excess water in result crop growth would be affected negative. This water stress triggers roots failure in anaerobic condition for upland crop because of limiting roots respiration. Chili pepper grows in upland sometimes in touch with waterlogging due to rainfall and /or over flow water from river in Indonesia. In this case, roots growing is inhibited by effect of shortage of oxygen at root cap. Therefore, the objective of this study is to observe the plant behavior in waterlogging using mahor local genotypes (Ferosa, Laris, Romario) in Sumatra. The experiment was kept by at 1cm depth water above the soil surface as a waterlogged treatment for ---days. As a result, waterlogging affected plant growth of chili negatively, especially for roots growth. Almost roots were getting bad and changed color for brown during waterlogging. A significant negative effect for nutrient absorption by roots was found in dry weight of all varieties during waterlogging. Dry weight of roots was decreased by 81.4% and 67.6%, and those of aerial part decreased by 74% and 67.2% compared with control in Ferosa and Romario at 1week after treatment. On the other hand, dry weight of roots was decreased only 35% in Laris. Therefore, Laris has a tolerance for waterlogging compared to with other varieties. Also, Laris in SPAD value was kept initial level during waterlogging however those of Ferosa and Romario decreased. Finally, due to impact of waterlogging, it may be the roots become failure because of less aerenchyma formation under anaerobic condition. We need confirm aerenchyma formation morphologically in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.162-162
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• 2017

Atractylodes japonica and Atractylodes macrocephala belongs to Atractylodes genus and theirs roots are used as 'Baek-chul'(White atractylodes rhizome) in Korea Pharmacopoeia. 'Baek-chul' widely used in traditional herbal remedies in Asia. Concurrently, the 'Baek-chul' demand enormously increased in the market due to the growing interest in favoring health benefits but it is depend on import from China. Thus we conducted breeding research to solve the problems associated with domestically cultivated 'Baek-chul' such as low productivity and low disease tolence. We crossed A. japonica (female parent) and A. macrocephala (male parent) in the greenhouse in September 2000. the next season 119 crossed line seeds were collected and germinated in the green house. Among them we selected the good lines in the same season. then conducted replicated yield trials (RYT) in 2014 to local adaptability test (LAT) in 2015-2016. The results showed that the 'AJM16' line has beneficial charactersitcs like, increased plant height, large rhizome diameter, narrow leaf width compared with a 'Sang-chul' (check cultivar) and varied flower color from A. japonica (female parent). The line 'AJM16' was also exhibited decreased anthracnose symptoms(Colletotrichum gloeosporides Penz.). Simultaneously the root yield of AJM16 was 2,409 kg per are, which was increased 130% higher yield compared to 'Sang-chul' (check cultivar) at three various regions from 2015 to 2016. Therefore, we named AJM16 as new cultivar 'Man-chul'. According the results, we have developed a new Atractylodes spp. hybrid cultivar 'Macn-chul' with high yielding and disease tolerance by National Institute of Horticulture and Herbal Science, RDA, in 2016.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.32-36
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• 2002

Occurrence and characteristics of infectious fungi and physiologically abnormal Paecilomyces tenuipes were examined. These unfavorable fungi are recently known to cause yield loss, decreased quality of products in artificial cultivation farms of P. tenuipes. Total 529 fungal isolates were collected from 22 farms of 7 provinces. These isolates were composed of physiologically abnormal P. tenuipes strains and other infectious fungal strains, which constituted 23.2% and 50.9%, respectively. Physiologically abnormal P. tenuipes strains showed irregular synemata, and absence of local color. They were divided into 4 types or C-l, C-2, C-3 and C-4. Other infectious fungal strains were identified to 5 species, Beauveria bassiana, Fusarium sp., P fumosoroseus, Tricothecium roseum, Aspergillus parasiticus, which were 22.1, 13.8, 7.6, 4.0 and 3.4%, respectively. All of them were hyphomycetous fungi, did not produce synemata, and revealed faster growth rate than that of P. tenuipes.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.33.1-33.1
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• 2018

The differential rotational properties of early-type galaxies (ETGs) revealed by integral field spectroscopy surveys is arguably one of the most exciting findings in the galaxy evolution study during the past decade. Numerical studies have shown that galaxy mergers under various configurations can reproduce the observed distribution of ETG spin. However, we suggest an alternative scenario for the spin evolution of a large fraction of ETGs. Using the Horizon-AGN simulation, we follow the spin evolution of 10037 color-selected ETGs more massive than 1010 Msun that are divided into four groups: cluster centrals (3%), cluster satellites (33%), group centrals(5%), and field ETGs (59%). We find a strong mass dependence of the slow rotator fraction, fSR, and the mean spin of massive ETGs. Although the environmental dependence is not clear in the fSR, it is visible in the mean value of the spin parameter. The environmental dependence is driven by the satellite ETGs whose spin gradually decreases as their environment becomes denser. Galaxy mergers appear to be the main cause of total spin changes in 94% of central ETGs of halos with Mvir > 1012.5 Msun, but only 22% of satellite and field ETGs. We find that non-merger induced tidal perturbations better correlate with the galaxy spin-down in satellite ETGs than mergers. Given that the majority of ETGs are not central in dense environments, we conclude that non-merger tidal perturbation effects played a key role in the spin evolution of ETGs observed in the local (z < 1) universe.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.54
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• pp.5-31
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• 2011

In this paper, the news coverage of Chosun Art Exhibition(鮮展) in the Japanese occupational era were analyzed by the discourse analysis technique. Japan was advocated the slogan of 'escape from the asia go to the west' and calls itself as western civilized nations during Japanese occupational era. Japan's colonial rule in Asia has created a Japanese orientalism that Japan is considered as developed, and the other Asian countries are considered underdeveloped countries. The media discourse of Chosun Art Exhibition make to believe that the 'backwardness' of Korean local color arts, unlike the 'colonial superiority' of Japanese arts. In the analysis of the newspapers, Maeil Shinbo and Donga Ilbo, Japan recognize Korean arts as the 'assimilation' of Japanese arts, but with the other hand recognize the 'exclusion' of Japanese arts had a dual-in. Especially, Donga Ilbo has a vision of orientalism on the one hand and has a nationalistic perspective on the other hand.