• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study were to examine the effects of abdominal breathing on preoperative anxiety and blood pressure. Methods: The research was a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 60 patients that operated on under local anesthetic. Thirty subjects in the experimental group and 30 subjects in the control group. Data on anxiety and blood pressure for this study were collected from them. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, $X^2$-test, paird t-test. Results: After abdominal breathing, there was a statistically significant decline in the psychological anxiety level of the experimental group. With regard to the physical anxiety level, no statistically significant drop was detected in blood pressure. Conclusion: The findings of the study confirmed that abdominal breathing reduced preoperative anxiety of upper and lower limbs surgical patients.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2009

Fossil power plants firing lower grade coals or equipped with modified system for $NO_x$ controls are challenged with maintaining good combustion conditions while maximizing generation and minimizing emissions. In many cases significant derate, availability losses and increase in unburned carbon levels can be attributed to poor combustion conditions as a result of poorly controlled local fuel and air distribution within the boiler furnace. In order to develop a on-line combustion tuning system, field test was conducted at operating power boiler. During the field test the exhaust gases' $O_2,\;NO_x$ and CO was monitored by using a spatially distributed monitoring grid located in the boiler's high temperature vestibule and upper convective rear pass region. At these locations, the flue gas flow is still significantly stratified, and air in-leakage is minimal which enables tracing of poor combustion zones to specific burners and over-fire air ports. using these monitored information we can improving combustion at every point within the furnace, therefore the boiler can operate at reduced excess $O_2$ and gas temperature deviation, reduced furnace exit gas temperature levels while also reducing localized hot spots, corrosive gas conditions, slag or clinker formation and UBC. Benefits include improving efficiency, reducing $NO_x$ emissions, increasing output and maximizing availability. Discussion concerning the reduction of greenhouse gases is prevalent in the world. When taking a practical approach to addressing this problem, the best way and short-term solution to reduce greenhouse gases on coal-fired power plants is to improve efficiency. From this point of view the real time optimized combustion tuning approach is the most effective and implemented with minimal cost.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2003

High temperature air combustion technology has been utilized by using preheated air over 1100 K and excessive exhaust gas recirculation. Numerical analysis was performed to investigate the combustion characteristics with high temperature deficient oxygen air combustion by adopting a counterflow as a model problem accounting for detailed chemical kinetics. Methane($CH_4$) was used as a test fuel and calculated oxidizer conditions were low temperature high oxygen (300K, $X_{O2}=0.21$) and high temperature low oxygen (1300K, $X_{O2}=0.04$) conditions. The latter case showed that the flame temperature is lower than the former case and its profile showed monotonic decrease from oxidizer to fuel side, without having local maximum flame temperature at high stretch rate. Also, heat release rate was one order lower and it has one peak profile because of low oxygen concentration and heat release rate integral is almost same for stretch rate. High temperature low oxygen air combustion shows low NO emission characteristics.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.279-284
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• 2011

This research was focused on collecting and analyzing the data about the preference and awareness about elderly housing among middle aged women. A questionnaire survey was adopted in this study. The data were collected from 120 people between 30~60years old middle aged women living in the city of Seoul from October, 1, 2010 to October, 19, 2010 and 105 cases were used for data analysis. To observe the preference differentiation of elderly housing, by the SPSS Win 18.0 program, $x^2$-test, t-test and ANOVA were utilized. The results of the research were as followings. First, respondents preferred middle scale and single-detached dwelling in suburban areas. Second, for the reason of considering elderly housing, respondents said that they consider the elderly housing as a safe and comfortable place. Third, they preferred that elderly housing should be supplied by local authority or the government. In conclusion, the government and local authorities need to provide elderly housing which can improve the older people's residential welfare in the future aged society and develop a model of the elderly housing which reflects the preference of the middle aged women.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.97-113
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• 2001

At the opening of a new millennium and a new century, health promotion and education services in Korea are in the early developmental stage. The National Health Promotion Act legislated in 1995 was a milestone for initiating a national and local health promotion program in Korea. And since then local governments and health centers have been developing and providing health promotion program for the community populations. The short history of health promotion and education in Korea has meant that local governments and health centers have a limited experience and organizational capacity for health promotion and education planing and practice. This study was attempted to measure health education need of rural community and to analyze the factors for health education need assessment. Surveyors interviewed 1250 subjects randomly selected. Subjects were 2.17% of men and women in Changnyung county and older then 20 years old. Data were collected from April 17, 2000 through April 27, 2000. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics, health educational experiences, health educational method, health educational content and health educational needs for rural community residents. The questions on the health educational needs of content consist of 36 questions in 8 fields. The statistical methods used for the analysis were $X^2$-test, t-test, F-ratio and ANOVA using SPSS program. In conclusion, despite more needs to the respondents who are in the low education level and socioeconomic state, in the old age, in the low health knowledge, they required less health education. To enjoy a more healthy life after more community residents actively understand and are interested in health education and health promotion, we certainly require a designed and systemic health education. The resources of health department in Korea are limited and the investment involved in health promotion and health education is severely reduced. Particularly this situation is more severe in the rural community. To select and perform an effective health education methods that the nature and reality of the rural community are considered, well use the resources to invest in health promotion affairs as effectively as possible and then they will take the responsibility of healthy community.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.313-323
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• 2017

본 연구는 후기 노인의 허약정도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보기 위하여 시행된 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구는 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 2013년 12월 1일부터 31일까지 경상북도 M시에 거주하는 70세 이상 후기 노인 301명으로부터 자료를 수집하였으며, $x^2$ test, t-test, ANOVA를 이용하여 자료를 분석하였고, 노인의 허약에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴보기 위하여 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 70세 이상 지역사회 거주 노인들 중 허약노인으로 분류된 노인은 15.3%이었다. 노인의 허약정도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 성별(p<.01), 영양상태(p<.01), 인지기능(p<.01), ADL(p<.01), IADL(p<.05), 청력(p<.05), 저작불편감(p<.05)이었으며, 남자보다 여자일 경우, 영양상태가 불량할수록, 일상생활수행능력에 장애가 있을수록, 수단적 일상생활수행능력에 장애가 있을수록, 청력이 나쁠수록, 저작불편감을 느낄수록 허약점수가 높았다. 본 연구를 통하여 70세 이상 지역사회 거주노인의 허약수준을 파악하고, 이에 영향을 미치는 건강차원의 변수를 파악할 수 있었다. 이를 근거로 향후 허약으로의 진행을 예방하기 위한 포괄적인 건강증진 방법이 모색되어야 할 것이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.153-165
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and test a structural model on cardiovascular disease risk factors among male manufacturing workers. Methods: Data were collected through questionnaires and health exams from 201 workers in a local electronic company during September 2004. Data analysis was done with SAS 9.1 for descriptive statistics and PC-LISREL 8.54 for covariance structural analysis Results: The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate, it was modified by deleting five paths. The modified model had a better fit to the data($x^2=504.23$(p<001, df: 180), $x^2/df=2.80$, GFI=.95, RMR=.07, NFI=.90, PGFI=.64). Health behaviors and psychosocial distress were found to have significant direct effects on the cardiovascular disease risk factors. Self-concept had direct effect on psychosocial distress or health behaviors. Self-concept, work environment, and work condition had direct effect on social support. Work environment had indirect effect on psychosocial distress. Social support had indirect effect on health behaviors. But work environment and work condition were found to have little direct effect on health behaviors, psychosocial distress or cardiovascular disease risk factors. Conclusion: A cardiovascular health promotion program should therefore include psycho-social factors as well as health behavioral determinants in worksites.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.93-106
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• 2003

The main purpose of this research was to study and analyze the actual utilization of traditional knowledge resources and to search for methods to activate local communities through utilization of traditional knowledge resources best suited for us. For this study, data listed on the internal web sites during August 2002 to October 2002 were searched and analyzed. In terms of statistical analysis, frequency, percentage, and x$^2$-test were operated using the SPSS 10.0 program. The major results of this study are as follows: 1) Traditional knowledge resources utilized throughout the nation totaled to 8,906 cases. These utilized resources composed of 48.0% of tangible resources, 32.3% of environmental resources, and 19.8% of intangible resources and such utilized resources were in order of life-skill, scenery, ruins and relics, community activity, exhibition, and folklores. 2) Tourism, merchandising, and festival were the major types of utilization of traditional knowledge resources, while education was the relatively minor portion in utilization type. 3) Compound linking of traditional knowledge resources, utilization type, and utilizing body showed links such as life skill-merchandising-civilian, ruins and relics-tourism-government, folklore-festival-civilian, scenery-tourism-government, and exhibition-education-civilian.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.120-134
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influence the outbuying behavior of the consumers reside in middle sized cities adjacent to Kwangju. a metropolitan city of Korea. Data were collected by using questionnaire from 570 female consumers in Suncheon and Yeosu city from 8 September to 16. 1999. Data from 513 respondents were analyzed. Factor analysis. t-text. $x^2$test and cross analysis were used. Respondents were divided by two groups, outbuying group/resident purchasing group, based on the frequency of purchasing and intention of purchasing in local stores. and the differences between two groups were analyzed. The results were as follows : 1. There were significant differences in the residence. levels of education and Income. age. job. automobile possession, numbers of children, clothing expenditure Per month between outbuying group and resident purchasing group(p<.001, respectively) . 2. Outbuying group had significant higher tendency toward pursuing fashionability and pleasure, and symbolism in clothing than resident purchasing group(p<.001. respectively) 3. Outbuying group considered store services. assortments. shopping convenience significantly more important than resident purchasing group(p<.001. respectively) 4. Outbuying group obtained information from media sources and non-media sources significantly more often than resident purchasing group(p<.001, respectively) .

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.398-405
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop spaced retrieval training as a nursing intervention for patients having an mild alzheimer's disease and to determine the effects of the program on their memory and cognitive function across training sessions. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pre test-post test design was used in this study. Participants were recruited from a local community: 14 patients were allocated into experimental group and 12 patients were allocated into control group. The experimental group was asked to participate in spaced retrieval training over 4 weeks, with seven times a week and 1 hour a session based. The study was conducted from June 20, 2011 to July 17, 2011. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, $x^2$-test and t-test using the SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Results: After spaced retrieval training, the experimental group showed significant increases in scores for memory (t=12.40, p<.001) and cognitive function (t=7.69, p<.001) in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: Spaced retrieval training was effective in increasing cognitive function and memory of patients having mild alzheimer's disease. Therefore spaced retrieval training could be benefit the mild alzheimer's disease.