• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.94-109
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• 2005

Objectives: This paper investigated the effects of 8 Constitution Acupuncture on Heart Rate Variability(HRV) and is intended to find out 8 Constitutional difference on Autonomous Function after 8 Constitution Acupuncture stimulation. Methods: The subjects were comprised of 42 volunteers(11 men and 31 women). The volunteers had acupunctured by 8 Constitution Acupuncture Therapy. HRV and Mean Heart Rate(MHR) were measured by TAS9v2.0(IEMBIO & Saerom, Korea) on two times: before and immediately after acupuncture stimulation. The SPSS 13.0 for windows was used for statistical analysis: Mann-Whitney U-test, Paired Samples T -test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to verify the results. Results: 1. There was no statistically significant difference on HRV and MHR between Sympathicotonia and Vagotonia before acupuncture. 2. In the whole subject, immediately after acupuncture stimulation, MHR showed a significant decrease(p<0.01) and Ln(TP), Ln(LF) and Ln(HF) showed a significant increase(p<0.05). But there was no significant difference in LHR. 3. Immediately after acupuncture stimulation, MHR showed a significant decrease and Ln(TP), Ln(HF), showed a significant increase in Pulmotonia(p<0.05), Ln(TP) showed a significant increase in Pancretonia(p<0.05),MHR showed a significant decrease and Ln(TP) showed a significant increase in Hepatonia(p<0.05), and MHR showed a significant decrease and Ln(TP), Ln(HF), showed a significant increase in cholecystonia(p<0.05). But there were no significant difference on HRV and MHR in Colonotonia and vesicotonia. Conclusion: The results suggest that 8 Constitution Acupuncture is associated with changed activity in sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Further study is needed for investigating the effects of 8 Constitution Acupuncture on HRV and autonomic nervous system.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권2호통권70호
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• pp.80-92
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• 2007

Objectives : Functional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. Nevertheless, there are many unknown mechanisms of autonomic functioning in FD patients. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between FD and biosignals from heart rate variability (HRV) and Yangdorak diagnosis. Methods : 32 patients (22 female, 10 male; mean age 40) and 32 healthy volunteers (21 female, 11 malemean; age 38) participated in this study. First gastrointestinal symptoms rating scale (GSRS) was assessed by questionnaires in both groups to evaluate the types of gastrointestinal symptoms. Second, HRV and Yangdorak diagnosis were measured in both groups. Results : 1. The FD group in this study mainly had the complaint of 'bloating' symptoms. 2. There was statistically no significant difference between Yangdorak (total average and 24 acupoints) and HRV values except logarithmic low-frequency band (lnLF) and total power (TP) in frequency domain. 3. There was statistically no significant relationship between HRV and Yangdorak in either group. However, most Yangdorak values were positively related with some HRV values (low-frequency, low-frequency/high-frequency ratio and high-frequency, etc) in the control group. Conclusions : FD patients had relatively lesser sympathetic domain than healthy subjects, indicated by decreased lnLF and TP. Particularly, there were positive relationships and significant differences between Yangdorak and HRV in young healthy subjects. This suggests that biosignals from HRV may be a useful method that can differentiate FD from healthy state in those of young age.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2009

Objectives : We tried to investigate the effects of Panax Ginseng Radix pharmacopuncture and Zizyphi Spinosi Semen pharmacopuncture on human body with the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in adult man. As well as we tried to investigate how safe Panax Ginseng Radix and Zizyphi Spinosi Semen pharmacopuncture on the the human being. Methods : We investigated on 44 healthy volunteers consisted of 16 subjects in Panax Ginseng Radix pharmacopuncture group, 13 subjects in Zizyphi Spinosi Semen pharmacopuncture group and 15 subjects in Normal Saline. We ruled out subjects who wasn't stable by rest, with in the limit of normal heart beat(60-120cycle/min). Study form was a randomized, clinical trial. Each group was injected Panax Ginseng Radix pharmacopuncture, Zizyphi Spinosi Semen pharmacopuncture and Normal Saline $0.2m{\ell}$ at $GB_{21}$(Kyonjong). We measured HRV on 7 times : before and after injection per 5 minutes during 30 minutes. The SPSS 13.0 for windows was used to analyze the data by the paired t-test(in the group) and Anova test(among the groups) were used to verify the result. Results : 1. After Panax Ginseng Radix pharmacopuncture injection, SDNN was significantly high, pNN50 was significantly low, Ln(TP) was significantly high, Ln(VLF) was significantly high, Ln(LF) was significantly high at 30 minutes. 2. After Zizyphi Spinosi Semen pharmacopuncture injection, Complexity was significantly low, Ln(VLF) was significantly high at 30 minutes. 3. HRV-index made a significant difference between the Zizyphi Spinosi Semen pharmacopuncture and normal saline at 5 minutes(p=0.02). 4. There wasn's any pain the injected region and whole body, rubefaction, uredo, nausea, vomiting, colic, headache, dizziness within 24 hours. Measured data and mean value of Mean-HRV was within normal range. Conclusions : The results suggested that and Panax Ginseng Radix pharmacopuncture in healthy adult man tended to activate the vagus nervous system within normal range.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.199-213
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• 2007

Purpose : This research was designed to determine whether HRV can be used as an assessment index in weakly postpartum women. Methods : The subjects were 232 women who admitted for postpartum care in Oriental Hospital of Woosuk University from 19, December 2005 to 21, July 2006. They took the test of CBC and HRV. And then we selected 200 cases of postpartum women. The SPSS 10.0 for windows was used to analyse the data and the simple correlation coefficient and the independent samples t-test were used to verify the results. Results : The following results were obtained : 1. There were positive correlations between items of CBC(RBC, Hb, Hct) and SDSD, RMSSD, SDNN, and also between items of CBC and log-transformed index of spectral analysis. There were negative correlations between items of CBC and Mean-HRV, pNN50. 2. SDNN of anemic postpartum women group significantly decreased compared with that of normal postpartum women group. HRV-Index, RMSSD and SDSD of anemic postpartum women group significantly decreased compared with that of normal postpartum women group. pNN50 of anemic postpartum women group significantly increased compared with that of normal postpartum women group. 3. Ln(TP), Ln(VLF), Ln(LF) and Ln(HF) of anemic postpartum women group significantly decreased compared with that of normal postpartum women group. Conclusion : The results suggest that the function of heart of anemic postpartum women group significantly decreased compared with that of normal postpartum women group.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2008

Objectives : The 7-zonediagnostic system is a diagnostic device to predetermine bodily locations by measuring the energy of body. This study was to investigate the relation between the different patterns of Zone 4 of Factor AA in VEGA DFM 722 (VEGA, Germany), 7-zone-diagnositic system and heart rate variability. Methods : We made three groups according to the Factor AA patterns of VEGA DFM 722. The Factor AA pattern of Group A is that the red bar graph of zone 4 was higher than the normal range. The Factor AA patterns of Group B was that the red bar graph of zone 4 was located at the normal range. The Factor AA patterns of Group C was that the red bar graph of zone 4 was lower than the normal range. We investigated how to difference of the index of heart rate variability(HRV, LX-3202, LAXTHA, Korea) according to each groups. Results : Complexity, HRV-index, RMSSD, SDSD values of Group B were higher than other Groups. pNN50 values of Group B were lower than other groups. And Ln(TP), Ln(VLF), Ln(LF), Ln(HF) values of Group B were higher than other groups. Conclusions : We presumed that Group B was healthier than other groups for the stress.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.304-312
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• 2013

본 연구는 사료 내 총NDF 수준과 조사료에서 기인된 NDF 수준(fNDF)이 착유우에서의 영양소 섭취량과 유생산성에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 실시하였다. 분만우 36두를 대상으로 6개의 처리구를 나누어 $2{\times}3$ 요인실험으로 설계를 하였고, 각 처리구별 사료는 건물기준 NDF 38%에 1) fNDF 18%, 2) fNDF 15%, 3) fNDF 12% 와 건물기준 NDF 34%에 4) fNDF 18%, 5) fNDF 15%, 6) fNDF 12%로 구분하여 분만 후 3주부터 20주까지 급여하였으며 결과의 처리는 분만 4주부터 영양소 섭취량 및 산유성적을 분석하였다. 사료 내 총 NDF 함량과 fNDF 함량이 감소함에 따라 건물섭취량, NEl 섭취량 그리고 비구조탄수화물 섭취량이 유의적으로(p<0.01) 증가하였고, 통계적인 유의성은 없었으나 유생산량 또한 다소 증가하는 경향이었으며 유지방율은 감소하였다(p<0.01). 건물섭취량의 증가에 따른 NEl 섭취량의 증가가 유발되었고, NDF 섭취량은 감소하였음에도 불구하고 NDF 함량이 낮은 처리구와 높은 처리구간의 비교에서 유지방율에 대한 유의적인 차이를 나타내지는 않았다. 총 NDF와 조사료유래 NDF의 사료 내 함량변화는 유단백질율과 무지유고형분 함량에는 영향을 미치지 않았지만, 유단백질 함량과 무지유고형분 생산량에 있어서는 유량 증가에 의한 영향으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 조사료유래 NDF 섭취량과 유지방율 간의 상관관계는 저수준 NDF 함량에서 고수준 NDF 함량보다 높게 나타났으며 유량과 영양소 섭취량간의 상관관계 또한 저수준의 NDF 처리구에서 고수준 처리구보다 높게 나타났다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.147-157
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• 2010

Objectives : The study is performed to investigate the influence of psychological stress on neck muscles tone and heart rate variability(HRV). Methods : This study was carried out with the data from stress response index score(SRI), surface electromyography(sEMG) and HRV. First subjects were divided into two group according to the SRI points. Subjects in group A had points of SRI in which lower than 30 points. Subjects in group B had points of SRI in which higher than 30 points. Then we investigated how to difference of the index of sEMG and HRV according to each groups. Results : In this study, the muscle contraction of both upper trapezius muscle in stress group were higher than non-stress group significantly. Complexity, root mean square of successive differences of R-R intervals(RMSSD), standard deviation difference between adjacent normal to normal intervals(SDSD), high frequency oscillation power(Ln(HF)), normalized HF(Norm HF) in stress group were lower than non-stress group significantly and normalized LF(Norm LF) was higher. Conclusions : This results show that the stress was associated with neck muscle condition and autonomic nervous system.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

Objectives : We designed this study to investigate difference of heart rate variability(HRV) according to sex, age, acute or chronic phase, category of stroke, national institute of health stroke scale(NIHSS), lesion of stroke. Methods : 64 subjects were recruited from the patients admitted to the department of oriental medicine at East-West Neo Medical Center, Kyung Hee University from 1 September 2009 to 31 August 2010. We compared heart rate(HR), standard deviation of all normal P-P intervals(SDNN), low frequency(LF), high frequency(HF), LF/HF ratio. Results and Conclusions : 1. LF/HF ratio is significantly different between over-70 and below-70 of age. 2. SDNN is significantly different between acute and chronic stroke patients. 3. In sex, category of stroke, national institute of health stroke scale(NIHSS), lesion of stroke, there are no significantly different among the any values of heart rate variability(HRV).

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2008

Objectives : We investigated the effects of distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture on autonomic nervous system with the Heart Rate Variability(HRV) in adult man. as well as we tried to observe how distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture on the balance of the autonomic nervous system. Methods : We investigated on 58 healthy volunteers consisted of 28 subjects in experiment(distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture) group and 30 subjects in control(Normal Saline) group. Study form was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. 28 subjects in experiment group were injected distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture at $GB_{21}$(Kyonjong) and 30 subjects in control group were injected Normal Saline at $G_{21}$(Kyonjong). except of 2 subjects(in control group) who can't be measured and 6 subjects(2 in experiment group and 4 in control group) who move or make unforceable error during measuring. Finally 26 subject in experiment group and 24 subject in control group are studied. We measured HRV by PolyG-I on 7 times : before and after injection per 5 minutes during 30 minutes. The SPSS 10.0 for windows was used to analyze the data and the paired t-test(in group) and Student t-test(between two groups) were used to verify the result. Results : 1. After distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture injection, Mean HRV is significantly low only for first 5 minute, SDNN is significantly high after 5 minute, Complexity is significantly low only from 20 minute to 25 minute. HRV index is significantly high for first 5minute and from 10 minute to after 10 minute. 2. HRV index of distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture Group significantly increased from 25 minute to 30 minute, and pNN50 of Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture Group significantly decreased from 20 minute to 30 minute compared with those of Normal Saline group. 3. After distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture injection, Ln(TP) and Ln(VLF) are significantly high after injection. Normalized LF is significantly high from 5 minute to 20 minute and from 25 minute and 30 minute. Normalized HF is significantly low from 5minute to 20 minute and from 25 minute and 30 minute. 4. Ln(TP) and Ln(VLF) of distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture Group significantly increased from 20 minute to 25 minute compared with those of Normal Saline group. Conclusions : The results suggest that Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture in healthy adult man tend to activate the autonomic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system compared to Normal Saline within normal range.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.157-169
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• 2003

Objective : The effects of electroacupuncture(EA) stimulation on heart rate variability(HRV) for healthy adults are investigated with power spectrum analysis(PSA) of HRV. Methods : The HRVs of every 10 minute for 22 healthy volunteers(13 men and 9 women) were measured for an hour with SA-3000P(Medicore Co., Ltd., Korea). The median age with arithmetic range of 13 men and 9 women was 26.00 years with 22.75~27.00 years. The initial 20 minutes were defined as baseline period(pre-EA period), the following 20 minutes as the EA period and the last 20 minutes as the post-EA period. In each EA periods, volunteers received EA(2Hz, 0.6~0.8ms duration, maximal tolerated stimulation without discomfort) on the right Zusanli(ST36), Shangjuxu(ST37) acupoints while supine, resting. Results : Heart rate of volunteers at post-EA period was significantly decreased compare to that of pre-EA period, while SDNN at post-EA period was significantly increased. Heart rate at EA period was significantly decreased compare to that of pre-EA period, but Ln(LF) and LF/HF at EA period were significantly increased. Ln(HF) at post-EA period was significantly decreased compare to that of EA period, while the other variables were not significantly changed. Conclusions : The results suggest that EA in healthy adults is associated with changed activity in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Further study is needed for investigating the effects of EA on HRV and autonomic nervous system.