• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2018

Objectives: Chronic diseases, including back pain, result in significant patient morbidity and societal burden. Overall improvement in physical fitness is recommended for prevention and treatment. Walking is a convenient modality for achieving initial gains. Our objective was to determine whether neighbourhood walkability, acting as a surrogate measure of physical fitness, was associated with the presence of chronic disease. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of prospectively collected data from a prior randomized cohort study of 227 patients referred for tertiary assessment of chronic back pain in Ottawa, ON, Canada. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was calculated from patient-completed questionnaires and medical record review. Using patients' postal codes, neighbourhood walkability was determined using the Walk Score, which awards points based on the distance to the closest amenities, yielding a score from 0 to 100 (0-50: car-dependent; 50-100: walkable). Results: Based on the Walk Score, 134 patients lived in car-dependent neighborhoods and 93 lived in walkable neighborhoods. A multivariate logistic regression model, adjusted for age, gender, rural postal code, body mass index, smoking, median household income, percent employment, pain, and disability, demonstrated an adjusted odds ratio of 2.75 (95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 6.53) times higher prevalence for having a chronic disease for patients living in a car-dependent neighborhood. There was also a significant dose-related association (p=0.01; Mantel-Haenszel chi-square=6.4) between living in car-dependent neighbourhoods and more severe CCI scores. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that advocating for improved neighbourhood planning to permit greater walkability may help offset the burden of chronic disease.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2045-2049
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• 2014

Background: Functional status is the ability to perform daily activities. Little is known about quality of life and health status of gynaecological cancer patients. The present study therefore aimed to evaluate the functional status of women receiving treatment for gynecological oncological disease while not hospitalised. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study covered 42 patients monitored by the Gynecological Oncology Unit in 2011. Data were collected using the Functional Living Index-Cancer and analysed with the chi square test, independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way ANOVA test and the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: Of the 42 cases, 66.7% had been diagnosed within the previous year and 90.5% were undergoing chemotherapy. The most severe symptoms experienced were pain (35.7%), fatigue-weakness (40.5%) and nausea and vomiting (56.5%). Daily activities where the most difficulty was experienced were housework (28.6%), average pace walking (31.0%), carrying more than 5 kg (28.6%). The mean Functional Living Index score was quite high ($103.5{\pm}24.1$). FLIC-C scale scores did not vary with the educational status, diagnosis duration, and family history of cancer (p>0.05). Conclusions: Evaluation of the functional status of gynecological cancer patients and how they cope with problems should indicate to healthcare professionals what help can be given to maintain quality of life.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.315-324
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• 1999

This study was carried out to evaluate high-school students' nutrient intakes according to the status of body mass index, and to analyze the Physical health status. The volunteers were 560 high school students in 8 provinces, but 511 students were analyzed. It was used questionnaire method as an instrument tool. The questions were composed with socio-demographic characteristics, physical health condition by CMI. and the evaluation of food consumption by 24 hours recall method. Anthrophometric measurement of height and weight was used the data of health chart of each school-class. The family situation of the subjects was mostly nuclear family(73%), agricultural work(53%), and normal living situation(75%). The students of the BMI range of 18-23 were 71%. but those of the overweight(over 23) were 15%. The individual characteristics were different in BMI. Female and third grade students were more of BMI scores. The overall nutrient intakes of students were low compared with Korean RDA of adolescent. especially iron. calcium. vitamin A, and riboflavin. The mean adequacy ratio(MAR) of nutrient intakes was 0.45$\pm$0.23 only. The energy nutrients, ash, and vitamin A intakes were significantly different according to the different BMI groups. But the other mineral and vitamin intakes were not different according to BMI. By the correlation of individual characters with BMI, height was negatively and weight and school grade were positively correlated, but sleeping time and study accomplishment were not correlated. By the correlation of nutrient intakes with BMI, there were negative correlation with the intakes of energy, carbohydrates, potassium, and thiamin. According to this results, We concluded that Korean high-school students living in rural were lower intake of nutrients(iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin) and unbalanced nutrient intakes(MAR of 0.45$\pm$0.23). The state of lower intakes of energy nutrients and vitamin A intakes in higher BMI group mean the students spend their effort to reduce BMI for avoiding obesity. But they need to balanced diet. and good nutrient intakes. These situations would be necessary for students to ameliorate quality of living in rural.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

Purpose : The aim of this study was to investigate Activities of Daily Living(ADL) function recovery of repeated measurement of stroke who received ADL training. Method : Twenty stroke patients were treated by ADL program therapy from May to June. All of in twenty stroke patients, 10 stroke patients take part in Occupational Therapy and 10 stroke patients take part in ADL training for 30 min five times a week during four weeks in M- hospital occupational Therapy treatment room, local in Changwon and Geoje. We used two assessment on is Motor Free Visual Perception Test-Third Edition(MVPT-3) for visual perception the other is Modified Barthel Index(MBI) for ADL. Result : First, Visual Short Term Memory(VSTM) score was changed statistical significance OT intervention group than compare with ADL training group(p<.05). Second, Visaul Closure(VC) score was changed statistical significance OT intervention group than compare with ADL training group(p<.05). Third, Spatial Orientation(SO) score was changed statistical significance OT intervention group than compare with ADL training group(p<.05). The fourth Motor Free Visual Perception Test-Third Edition(MVPT-3) score was changed statistical significance OT intervention group than compare with ADL training group(p<.05). The fifth Modified Barthel Index(MBI total) score was changed statistical significance OT intervention group than compare with ADL training group(p<.05). Conclusion : Therefore, ADL training can be on method the visual perception of stroke patients.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2019

PURPOSE: To investigate the validity of a smartphone application for post-stroke daily living activity management based on an evaluation by users and experts. METHODS: The study design adhered to the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation ADDIE (Analysis-Design-Development-Implement-Evaluation) model. We downloaded the application onto the smartphones of 33 users and 30 experts, taught them how to use it, and asked them to use the application for four weeks. The users' daily lives before and after using the application were compared based on the K-MBI (Korean Version of Modified Barthel Index) to evaluate the usability of the application. For the expert group, we investigated the content validity and reliability of the application and evaluated the usability of the application. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 software. Users' general characteristics and experts' evaluation scores were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Content validity was tested using the content validity index (CVI), and reliability was tested with Cronbach's alpha. Users' K-MBI scores before and after using the application were compared with the paired sample t-test. RESULTS: Users gave an average rating of 2.93 out of 4 for the application for managing the daily lives of stroke patients, while experts gave an average score of 3.14. With regard to the K-MBI scores, only the dressing score improved significantly (p<.005) after using the application, and scores for other categories slightly improved but not to significant levels. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that the STROKECARE application is usable and could help stroke patients manage their daily lives.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.217-232
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• 2018

This study analyzes the determining factors of the digital divide index in married female immigrants based on panel data from the National Information Society Agency (2016). There were 287 participants, all of whom owned a smartphone. The study divided the consumer groups into three age groups: 20-29, 30-39, and 40-49 years. SPSS 19.0 was used to statistically analyze the results. The findings of the analysis were described using frequency, descriptive, cross-tab, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The findings of this research are as follows. First, nationality, acquisition of Korean nationality, and duration of living in Korea were significantly different among the three groups. Second, digital competency and online service usage were also significantly different among the three groups. Third, PC usage ability, mobile usage ability, and diversity of online usage significantly influenced the digital divide index in all age groups. Fourth, residential duration in Korea significantly decreased the digital divide index for groups in their 30s and 40s. Fifth, Loneliness significantly increased the digital divide index for groups in their 20s. Sixth, depression significantly increased the digital divide index for groups in their 30s. The study will help to further understand age-related differences and the digital divide of married female immigrants.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.99-118
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parenting efficacy, parenting behavior, and parenting stress on children's problematic behavior in Korea and China. The subjects were 292 children and their mothers who are caring for their 3-5 years old children in Korea and China. Data was collected using a parenting efficacy index, parenting behavior index, parenting stress index and child behavior check list. The data were statistically analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA (Scheff$\acute{e}$ test), correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study showed that there were no significant differences in parenting efficacy, parenting behavior, parenting stress and children's problematic behavior in Korea and China. There were some significant differences in children's problematic behavior according to the socio-demographic variables, that is the gender of the child, the mother's education, the father's education, in Korea and China. Correlation analysis indicated that the parenting efficacy, parenting behavior, parenting stress and children's problematic behavior in Korea and China had significant correlations in some sub-variables. It was also found that the gender of the child, the mother's education, the father's education, the frustration and uneasiness of the parents, the control behavior, and the stress of parent-child dysfunctional interaction, were all significant predictors of the preschool children's problematic behavior in Korea, and the mother's education, the family income, the affection behavior, the rejection behavior, and the control behavior, were all significant predictors of the preschool children's problematic behavior in China.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.427-439
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• 2010

This study aimed to investigate the potential of Art Therapy to be part of Liberal Arts programs for university students. The study is based on the examination of the effect after the program. The program was combined with Art Therapy theory and with a practical part for students to have a psychological understanding of self development(ego-identity, self-esteem and interpersonal relationship). The subjects were 38 students who were registered in the Art Therapy course at N university. It was a two hour-course and was offered every week. The first 40 minutes of the class were used for explaining Art Therapy theory, and the last 80 minutes were given for practice. To analyze the effect of the program, the index of ego-identity, the index of self-esteem and the index of interpersonal relationship were used. Frequency, percentage and standard deviation were calculated with SPSS 12.0, and a paired t-test was followed. According to the results, this art therapy program has an effect on the subjectivity and future-confidence of students, which includes the sub-categories of self-identity. However, there was no effect found in the category of self-esteem. Comprehension, which is under the interpersonal relationships category, showed statistically meaningful differences after the program was done. Based on this study, it was revealed that Art Therapy as a part of the Liberal Arts programs, which incorporates a large number of students, can have a similar effect on people compared to the Group Art Therapy, which incorporates a relatively smaller number of people.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2017

Background Simulation training is becoming an increasingly important component of skills acquisition in surgical specialties, including Plastic Surgery. Non-living simulation models have an established place in Plastic Surgical microsurgery training, and support the principles of replacement, reduction and refinement of animal use. A more sophisticated version of the basic chicken thigh microsurgery model has been developed to include dissection of a type 1-muscle flap and is described and validated here. Methods A step-by-step dissection guide on how to perform the chicken thigh adductor profundus free muscle flap is demonstrated. Forty trainees performed the novel simulation muscle flap on the last day of a 5-day microsurgery course. Pre- and post-course microvascular anastomosis assessment, along with micro dissection and end product (anastomosis lapse index) assessment, demonstrated skills acquisition. Results The average time to dissect the flap by novice trainees was $82{\pm}24$ minutes, by core trainees $90{\pm}24$ minutes, and by higher trainees $64{\pm}21$ minutes (P=0.013). There was a statistically significant difference in the time to complete the anastomosis between the three levels of training (P=0.001) and there was a significant decrease in the time taken to perform the anastomosis following course completion (P<0.001). Anastomosis lapse index scores improved for all cohorts with post-test average anastomosis lapse index score of $3{\pm}1.4$ (P<0.001). Conclusions The novel chicken thigh adductor profundus free muscle flap model demonstrates face and construct validity for the introduction of the principles of free tissue transfer. The low cost, constant, and reproducible anatomy makes this simulation model a recommended addition to any microsurgical training curriculum.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 1999

Body mass index(BMI) is recognized as one of the most useful indexes for adiposity in children and adults. This study was conducted to provide information on BMI distribution by age and sex in Korean children, and to identify sociodemographic factors that affected BMI among children. The study was conducted on 2376 children(boys 1184, girls 1192) living in a middle-size city in Korea. Subjects were selected from the primary schoolchildren in grades 1-6 using the two-stage sampling method. Their mean age was 9.4 years. The percentile of BMI tended to increase as age increased in both sexes. The 85th percentile for boys, aged 6-12 years, was 19.8kg/㎡, and the 95th percentile was 22.5kg/㎡. The 85th percentile for girls, aged 6-12 years, was 18.9kg/㎡, and the 95th percentile was 21.5kg/㎡. Multiple regression analysis was carried out to predict BMI from percent ideal body weight (PIBW), age and sex. After adjusting PIBW and age, BMI for boys was 0.062kg/㎡ lower than that for girls. One year of age increased BIM by 0.55kg/㎡. The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity based on PIBW was 15.8% and 15.0% for boys, and 14.0% and 11.0% for girls, respectively. Demographic factors such as sex, age, and parents' obesity influenced children's BMI. After adjusting for sex, age and parents' BMI, the presence of another children in family, and mother's employment status showed a strong effect on children's BMI. The results suggest an age-sex specific BMI distribution of Korean children. The present study also provides direct evidence of a correlation between early life environmental factors, such as presence of siblings or mother's employment, and BMI level in Korean children.