• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.230-240
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• 2018

The objective of this study is to observe the exclusive breastfeeding(EBF) rate and to identify factors which influence EBF by postpartum period. The data were obtained from the 2015 National Fertility Survey, Family Health and Welfare in Korea, and secondary data analysis were employed for 1,839 mothers who gave birth to baby between January 2013 and February 2015. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 program with descriptive statistics, chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The EBF rate at the 1st and 6th month of postpartum were 54.0%, 9.4% respectively. The significant influencing factors on the EBF at the 1st month of postpartum were age of mother, baby's birth rank, type of delivery, breastfeeding within 1 hour after delivery. The significant influencing factors on the EBF at the 6th month of postpartum were age of mother, living area, EBF in the first month. We found that the influencing factors on EBF differed by postpartum period. In order to improving the rate of EBF, it is recommended that taioed interventions is needed considering the factors affecting the EBF by postpartum period.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.47-56
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• 2017

As of 2017, there are 848 million households living in apartment and 55.87% of Aged apartments over 15 years old. The allowable standard for remodeling the apartment is more than 15 years and the market for remodeling the apartment will continue to increase. For the success of the remodeling project feasibility analysis is important but the existing feasibility analysis of new construction and reconstruction is being used for remodeling feasibility analysis. Therefore, it is necessary to study the feasibility analysis of customized remodeling without increasing the number of households according to the building law. Purpose of this paper is to develop a feasibility analysis methodology for customized remodeling projects by deriving the factors affecting the formation of land prices and building prices in apartment. According to the concept of price formation of the apartment, the analysis method of the customized remodeling of the old apartment using the factors affecting the Land Price Indexes, Officially Assessed Individual Land Price, House Price Indexes, and Officially Assessed Individual House Price was suggested. The Stair Price Algorithm developed in this research can be utilized at the stage of selecting remodeling contractors after the remodeling housing association is established.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.584-594
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• 2016

This research empirically analyzes, from an ecological perspective, whether socio-economic factors of the regions in which the elderly live have any actual influence on thoughts of suicide on the part of the elderly. Microscopic data either included outliers in part of the variables, including income and other variables of that type, from among source data from investigations into actual conditions of the elderly in 2014. Regarding macroscopic data, the indices that represent social and economic situations in each region, which were provided by KOSIS, were selected. Regarding the method of analysis, hierarchical or multi-level analysis models were applied by considering special hierarchical characteristics and heterogeneity at the personal and regional levels. The analyses showed that the following had statistically significant influences: 1. the cost-of-living index and the national basic supply and demand rate of the region; 2. the extent of natural disaster damage; and 3. the number of leisure and welfare facilities for the elderly, compared to the elderly population. Based on the results, proposals are made for systematic and practical endeavors in the community.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2000

Objectives：Present study developed the computerized ADHD Diagnostic System(ADS) in order to diagnose ADHD and evaluate treatment effect of it, and conducted a standardization study for ADS. Methods：The normative group was composed of 847 children and adolescents between the age of 5 and 15(boy 429, girl 418) living in the areas of Seoul, Kyunggi-do, and Kangwon-do. 30 ADHD children with age ranged 7 to 9 years were participated present study to evaluate the validity of ADS. To establish the norms for diagnosing ADHD, the means and standard deviations of normative group were used to calculate T-scores for each age group. Results：The reliability coefficient of ADS(Cronbach's ${\alpha}$) was .85. There were significant differences in the measures of ADS except commission error between the normal and the ADHD groups. Three factors were extracted through factor analysis of ADS, which were labelled 'inattention', 'slow information processing' and 'impulsivity'. Discriminant analysis showed that ADS significantly discriminate the normal and the ADHD groups. Percentage of correct classification by ADS variables was 96.7%. Conclusion：These results put together strongly support the reliability and validity of ADS as a diagnostic instrument for ADHD.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.73-83
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• 2007

In order to investigate the ecological factors affecting milk intake frequency of adolescents, the questionnaire survey was conducted with 929 middle and high school students living in Chungnam urban area through October and November 2004. The subjects consumed milk 8.6$\pm$6.7 times per week, other beverages 4.4$\pm$4.1 times per week and drinking water 3.7$\pm$2.1 cups per day. Of the students 77.3% took balanced meals, 72.8% ate regularly and 36.2% ate adequate amount. About 61% had breakfast everyday and nearly a half students snacked once a day. Nutritional knowledge scores about milk was 7.2$\pm$1.7 and milk attitude scores was 28.1$\pm$6.5. The subjects spent daily 1.8$\pm$1.1, 1.9$\pm$1.1, and 1.0$\pm$0.5 hours for computer use, TV watching and exercise, respectively. Milk intake frequencies were positively correlated with excercise, snack frequency, meal balance and regularity, breakfast frequency, food attitude score and milk preference, while showed negative correlationships with TV watching and computer use. Intake frequency of fruit-tasted and chocolate milk showed inverse correlation with nutritional knowledge. Subjects without either school store or vending machine took milk more frequently than those with one or both did. Of the correlated variables, milk preference was the most important influencing factor to milk intake frequency according to the stepwise linear regression analysis, which presented other 5 important influencing factors as food attitude, school vending facilities, excercise, snacking frequency and watching TV. In conclusion, the improvement of milk preference is the most important and effective way to promote milk consumption in adolescents. The favorite ways of drinking milk, nutritional benefit of milk, healthy beverage and good snacking should be taught in nutrition education. Also physical activities should be recommended to students rather than watching TV, computer use and vending facilities selling soft drinks should be limited to be established inside school.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.259-271
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• 2017

The present study was designed to examine the impact of socioeconomic, health-related, and health behavioral factors on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the Korean elderly by gender. The subjects comprised 688 men and 898 women aged 65 or more who had participated in the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2014. The associations of factors with the HRQoL as measured with the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) Index were examined in a general linear model. The most influential factor on the HRQoL was depression in both men and women. The perceived health status and walking activity were also associated with the HRQoL in both men and women. The living arrangement and educational status were associated with the HRQoL in women, while the body mass index was associated with the HRQOL in men. Depression management and the promotion of walking activity are essential to the HRQoL of the Korean elderly. Particular attention must be paid to the HRQoL of older women who live alone and have a lower level of education.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.128-148
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• 2019

Massive environmental monitoring has been conducted continuously since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power accident in March of 2011 by different monitoring methods that have different features together with migration studies of radiocesium in diverse environments. These results have clarified the characteristics of radiological environments and their temporal change around the Fukushima site. At three months after the accident, multiple radionuclides including radiostrontium and plutonium were detected in many locations; and it was confirmed that radiocesium was most important from the viewpoint of long-term exposure. Radiation levels around the Fukushima site have decreased greatly over time. The decreasing trend was found to change variously according to local conditions. The air dose rates in environments related to human living have decreased faster than expected from radioactive decay by a factor of 2-3 on average; those in pure forest have decreased more closely to physical decay. The main causes of air dose rate reduction were judged to be radioactive decay, movement of radiocesium in vertical and horizontal directions, and decontamination. Land-use categories and human activities have significantly affected the reduction tendency. Difference in the air dose rate reduction trends can be explained qualitatively according to the knowledge obtained in radiocesium migration studies; whereas, the quantitative explanation for individual sites is an important future challenge. The ecological half-lives of air dose rates have been evaluated by several researchers, and a short-term half-life within 1 year was commonly observed in the studies. An empirical model for predicting air dose rate distribution was developed based on statistical analysis of an extensive car-borne survey dataset, which enabled the prediction with confidence intervals. Different types of contamination maps were integrated to better quantify the spatial data. The obtained data were used for extended studies such as for identifying the main reactor that caused the contamination of arbitrary regions and developing standard procedures for environmental measurement and sampling. Annual external exposure doses for residents who intended to return to their homes were estimated as within a few millisieverts. Different forms of environmental data and knowledge have been provided for wide spectrum of people. Diverse aspects of lessons learned from the Fukushima accident, including practical ones, must be passed on to future generations.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.198-215
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• 1970

The basic purpose of this study is to explore the household economic effects on home administration. The major goals of home administration is to promote mental and physical welfare of the family members. In order to realize mental and physical welfare, the stability and satisfaction is needed. And to promote stability and satisfaction, the efficiency must be accomplished and the efforts is required. So the four variables to measure home administration situation are as follows. 1) The degree of the stability 2) The degree of the efficiency 3) The degree of the efforts 4) The degree of the satisfaction. The factor of Household economic level is the size of the family's money income. Although size of income is not the bases for either standard of living or Socioeconomic status, it is closely related to both. To solve this problem. Some hypotheses are specified as follows. Hypotheses I The degree of the stability is different among the groups by income level. The group which is high income level will be more stable than low income level. Hypothesis II The degree of the efficiencies different among the groups by income level. The group which is high income level will be more efficient than low income level. Hypothesis III The degree of the efforts is different among the groups by income level. The group which is high income level will more effort than low income level. Hypothesis IV The degree of the satisfaction is different among the groups by income level. The group which is high income level will feel more satisfaction than low income level. In order to test those hypotheses random selection of 190 subjects from the four girls high schools in Seoul was made, and the parents of the students reported their home administration situation. The results of this study show that; 1) the group which is high income level revealed more stability than low income level. The differences of each group are revealed very significant. 2) The differences of the degree of the efficiency among the groups are unsignificant. 3) the group which is high income level revealed more effort than low income level. The differences of each group are revealed significant. 4) The group which is high income level revealed more satisfaction than low income level. The differences of each group are particularly significant. So the conclusion can be drawn from this study. Every group by income level revealed significant differences in home administration. So the household economy greatly effects on home administration.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.407-429
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• 2013

Although rural areas account for more than 80% of the total land area of South Korea, most of them are deteriorated and living environment is inconvenient. In addition, the migration of young generation to urban areas and ageing have reduced the population and caused not only cavitation phenomena of villages but also stagnant communities. As for one of the rural areas, the seat of Myeon Office located in Oesan-myeon, Buyeo-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, this study presented not a plan only for strengthening hub functions but the methodology of the complex development plan in consideration of the regional characteristics in the comprehensive improvement project in seat of Myeon Office. From the perspective of enhancing the function of the seat of Myeon Office, it is inevitable to establish plans based on hardware. However, empowerment of the residents in the targeted areas also works as an important factor. In other words, each project promoted by the plan will be mainly operated by the local residents. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a management system of this. The success or failure of the established plan is based on the accurate survey of the issues of the targeted areas and demand, and this depends on participation and positive response of the residents of the targeted areas. That is, the method as a 'local community network' is required in order to increase the effect of resident participation in the planning area.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2005

In order to investigate the structures and dynamics of phytoplankton communities, each physicochemical environmental factor, species composition, standing crop, and dominant species were examined in the marine ranching ground of Tongyeong coastal waters from April to October, 2000. During the studies, mean water temperature and salinity were $18.8^{\circ}C$ and 33.1 psu, respectively. DO, SS and transparency varied from 5.43 to 11.39 mg/l, 14.6 to 32.4mg/l and 3.5 to 9.0m, respectively. Light intensities varied from 0.02 to $966{\mu}E/m^2/s$, which decreased with depth. $NH_4-N,\;NO_3-N,\;NO_2-N,\;PO_4-P,\;and\;SiO_2-Si$ were fluctuated from 0.059 to 0.332 mg/l, 0.040 to 0.800 mg/l, 0.001 to 0.468 mg/l, 2.3 to $143.0{\mu}g/l$, and 0.007 to 0.600 mg/l, respectively. chlorophyll a concentrations were fluctuated from 0.7 to $8.9{\mu}g/l$. Among 130 taxa of phytoplankton communities observed. diatoms occupied more than 81.54% of the total species, and the others were dinoflagellates and silicoflagellates. Phytoplankton standing crops ranged from $4.6{\times}10^4\;to\;2.6{\times}10^6cells/l$. In October, the standing crops were at bloom level showing more than $10^6cells/lat$ all stations. Dominant species changed by month and station. Leptocylindrus danicus occupied 59.84% in April and 22.03% in June. Pseudo-nitzschia pungens in August and Chaetoceros socialis and Skeletonema costatum in October were predominant species. In order to investigate factors influencing the total phytoplankton standing crops the correlations between the standing crops of diatoms, dinoflagellates, all phytoplanktons occurred and environmental factors were calculated using a multiple regression analysis. The coefficient of determination $(R^2)$ for total standing crops was 0.63 which explained 63% of variance and that of $R^2$ for diatom was 0.82. In statistical analysis, the results showed that the environmental factors influencing the size of the communities were predominantly water temperature, salinity and silicate.