• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2020

Mitochondria was observed much around the nuclear membrane of liver tissue where the energy metabolism process is active. Testis tissue had a large number of undifferentiated cells, and cristae in Inner membrane of Mitochondria was not observed clearly. Morphological damage occurred first in Inner membrane rather than the outer membrane. The kidney tissue was clearly observed in the form of cristae. Radiation-induced damage occurred at the edges of both ends, and the membrane was observed bursting with the thickness of the outer membrane. Small intestine cells were observed in many mitochondria in the tissues around the villus, where bowel movements were active. Morphological damage occurred with the outer and inner membranes getting tangled. Mitochondria sensitivity to radiation was sensitized in testis and small intestine tissues, and kidney, ovary and liver tissues were found to be resistant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.471-476
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• 1999

The effects of total dietary restriction(100% restriction of energy intake) on thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) contents and intracellular antioxidant enzymes activities in the liver and kidney of young male Sprague Dawley rats were studied. The TBARS contents were reduced in both liver and kidney, up to 77% and 79% of the control rats, fed ad libitum, respectively at 7 days after dietary restriction . Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities in the liver and kidney of rats were increased significantly by total dietary restriction. However, the activity of catalase in kidney was decreased 27% at 6 days after dietary restriction, but this enzyme activity did not change in liver. The changes of glutathione peroxidae(GSHPx) and catalase activities in the liver and kidney of rats with dietary restriction were not significant. These result suggested that dietary restriction reduce the free radical induced by tissue damage, as determined by TBARS content, in both the liver and kidney but the changes of activities of antioxidant enzymes may not be a contributory factor in reducing oxidative damage to tissue.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.239-246
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• 1997

In the present study, liver regeneration rate (%) was increased up to 70% 3 days after partial hepatectomy (PH). Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in liver tissue as well as serum nitrite/ nitrate content had no timed response, revealing no significant difference between shamoperated and partially hepatectomized rat liver. Contents of free methylarginines in liver tissue were increased biphasically in a time-dependent manner after PH. However, those in serum did not exhibit the same patterns as in liver. Taken together, the results suggest that $N^{G}$-monomethyl-L-arginine (MMA) and $ N^{G}, N^{G}$-dimethylarginine (DMA) play a role in inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in regenerating rat liver because the increase of their contents was synchronized with NOS expression.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.244-249
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate effect of serum lipid and liver tissue in lectin from Viscum album on rats. The lectin was purified by sepharose 4B affinity chromatography and gel filtration using sephadex G-150 with plant material from Viscum album. After 72 h of $CCl_4$ injection, there was a significant increase in serum total cholesterol and triglycerige levels relative to the control group. However, treatment of both Viscum album and purified lectin were significantly decreased lipid parameters against the $CCl_4$-induced. Histological observation of the liver section of rats challenged with $CCl_4$ produced a marked increase of cytoplasmic vacuoles in number, while rats administered olive oil alone did not alter the normal hepatic architecture. Histological observation of the liver section in rats treated 72 h with either Viscum album purified lectin or $CCl_4$-induced liver lipogenesis showed decreased numbers of cytoplasmic vaculoes and necrotic cells. These results suggest that Viscum album lectin has a significantly decreased lipid in serum or histological observation of the liver section decreased in lipogenesis in rats.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-65
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• 1998

Holotrichia was tested for the effects on damages of liver tissue induced by bromobenzene. Holotrichia was treated firstly into samples, and then bromobenzene intoxicated animal models were set with them. In vitro, the level of lipid peroxide in tissue of liver proportinally decreased with the level of concentration of extract prepared from Holotrichia It was much more decreased, when lipid peroxidation was induced with ferrous iron ($Fe&{+2}$). In vivo, after the extract was administered to the animal model for twenty days, the level of lipid peroxide in liver decreased compared to that of bromobenzene-treated group. The enzyme activities of epoxide hydrolase and glutathione S-transferase in liver highly increased in Holotrichia pre-medicating group compare with the group treated with only bromobenzene. And we can get the same results in the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. The level of glutathione followed by Holotrichia pre-medicationg administration, increased as highly as normal group in compare with the group treated with only bromobenzene. Also, the enzyme activities of AL T, AST and $\{gammer}-GTP$ in liver considerably decreased. In conclusion, Holotrichia recovers the damage of liver due to bromobenzene intoxication by the increased activities of lipid peroxidation and bromobenzene scavenging enzymes.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2000

This study was intended to examine whether dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dietary fat level or source could modulate glutathione utilizing detoxifying system activity and the cytosolic NADPH generation in rat liver. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed semipurifed diet containing either 2%(w/w) corn oil (low level of corn oil diet: 5 ca% of fat) 15% corn oil (high level of corn oil diet: 31 cal% of fat) or 13% sardine oil plus 2% corn oil(high level of fish oil diet: 31 cal% of fat) for 9 weeks. Half of the rats in each diet group were fed a diet supplemented with 0.2% DHEA (w/w). DHEA administration increased plasma total cholesterol level in low corn oil diet-fed rats. The high fish oil diet significantly decreased plasma total cholesterol level compared to the high corn oil diet. Plasma triglyceride level was not significantly changed by DHEA administration and dietary fat level and source. Fasting plasma glucose level was increased by DHEA administration and fish oil diet. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in liver tissue was significantly increased by DHEA administration and high fat diet, especially fish oil diet. Malic enzyme activity in liver tissue was significantly increased by DHEA administration and high fat diet, especially fish oil diet. Malic enzyme activity in liver tissue was significantly increased by DHEA administration. DHEA suppressed the glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-dependent enzymes compared to the low corn oil diet, while fish oil diet elevated the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase compared to corn oil diet. These results suggest that DHEA administration and high level of corn oil diet may suppress the cellular detoxifying system activity through reduction of glutathione utilization, while the fish oil diet did not show these effects.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.213-219
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• 2003

Experiments were carried out to investigate the accumulation and elimination changes in the tissue of juvenile rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) after sub-chronic dietary Cu (0, 50, 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg) exposure for 60 days and depuration for 30 days. The profile of Cu accumulation in the tissue of rockfish was dependent on the exposure periods and Cu concentration. Liver of rockfish is a more important storage tissue than other tissues, and the order of Cu accumulation in tissues was liver > intestine > kidney > gill > muscle. The accumulation factors were increased with the exposure period in gill, intestine, liver, kidney and muscle. An inverse relationship was observed between the accumulation factor and the exposure concentrations in the gill, kidney and muscle. Cu elimination in tissues of rockfish were decreased with periods for the 30 days of depuration except kidney and muscle. The order of Cu elimination in organs during depuration was intestine > liver > gill.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.23 no.4 s.32
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• pp.371-390
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• 1990

Production of free radicals of superoxide anion in tissues by cadmium, activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase to protect tissue damages caused by the free radicals and ATPase that plays an important role in energy metabolism at cellular level were investigated. Experiments in vivo were conducted with liver, kidney and testicle tissue homogenates of rats adding $0.05{\sim}0.50mM$ cadmium chloride, and in vivo experiments administering single dose of 5 mg of cadmium/kg of body weight in 0.1% cadmium chloride solution intraperitoneally 48 hours prior to evisceration. Production of superoxide radicals in liver and testicle increased with addition of cadmium in vitro, but not in kidney. In vivo experiments, however, superoxide radicals slightly increased in liver and kidney but not in testicle. Superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD), catalase and ATPase (total, $Mg^{++}-\;&\;Na^+,\;K^+-$) activity decreased in the presence of cadimium in dose dependent manner. Reduction of these enzyme activities varied not only with dosage of cadmium but also with type of tissue and between in vitro and in vivo experiment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.1653-1658
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• 2000

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA levels in the eyes, heart, liver and breast muscle removed from dwarf egg-type, normal egg-type and normal meat-type chicken embryos at 7, 14 and 20 days of incubation were measured. There was no influence of chicken strain on IGF-I gene expression in the eyes and liver. The IGF-I gene expression in eyes increased significantly along with the incubation period. In the liver, IGF-I gene expression at 20 days of incubation was significantly higher than that at 14 days of incubation. In the muscle, the lowest value for IGF-I gene expression was observed in meat-type chicken embryos. Regression analysis revealed that IGF-I gene expression was significantly correlated to the weights of the eyes and liver, but not the muscle. We conclude that there is little influence of strain on tissue IGF-I gene expression in chicken embryos during incubation but that tissue development in chicken embryos is nevertheless at least partly regulated by the change in IGF-I gene expression.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.20-24
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• 1961

The present experiment was conducted to investigate the rate of oxygen consumption in relation to the several amino acids in the Mang-Kong frog ,Gallula tornieri VOGT. 1. When the liver tissue was suspended in the Ringer's solution (0.85% NaCl), the amount of oxygen consumption per hour was 0.043$\mu$l/mg , whereas when it was suspended in M/15, pH 5.8 phosphate buffer the oxygen consumption reached 0.93$\mu$l/mg. 2. When 0.5ml of 1% alanine and 0.5ml of 0.5% arginine were used as respiratory material the amount of oxygen consumption increased remarkably, while on the other hand glycine showed little influence on the amount of oxygen consumption. 3. When 0.5ml of 0.1% , 0.5% alanine-arginine mixture, 0.5ml of 0.1% , 0.5% alanine-glycine mixture and 0.5ml of 1 % arginine-glycine were added the oxygen consumption in the liver tissue increased somewhat in comparison to the case in which single amino acid was used. 4. Glycine appeared to have influence on the respiration of the liver tissue but the amount of oxygen consumption increased as the concentration of arginine-glycine mixture increased, whereas the rate of oxygen consumption increased remarkably as alaninie-glycine mixture decreased. It was evidenced that in the combination of alanine-arginine the rate of oxygen consumption increased as the concentration of the mixture decreased and vice versa.