• Advances in nano research
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.549-566
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• 2022

Mining of ore minerals (sfalerite, cinnabar, and chalcopyrite) from the old mine has led in significant environmental effects as contamination of soils and plants and acidification of water. Also, nanoparticles (NP) have obtained global importance because of their widespread usage in daily life, unique properties, and rapid development in the field of nanotechnology. Regarding their usage in various fields, it is suggested that soil is the final environmental sink for NPs. Nanoparticles with excessive reactivity and deliverability may be carried out as amendments to enhance soil quality, mitigate soil contaminations, make certain secure land-software of the traditional change substances and enhance soil erosion control. Meanwhile, there's no record on the usage of Nano superior substances for mine soil reclamation. In this study, five soil specimens have been tested at 4 sites inside the region of mine (<100 m) to study zeolites, and iron sulfide nanoparticles. Also, through using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), this study has tried to appropriately estimate the mechanical properties of soil under the effect of these Nano particles. Considering the RMSE and R2 values, Zeolite Nano materials could enhance the mine soil fine through increasing the clay-silt fractions, increasing the water holding capacity, removing toxins and improving nutrient levels. Also, adding iron sulfide minerals to the soils would possibly exacerbate the soil acidity problems at a mining site.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.550-557
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• 2005

Because each building is built in different time, there exists different equipment to meet the need for each age. Before the announcement of "Community Management Regulation", the old communities usually suffer the problem of lower requirement and living quality. This may bring some security problem that we should face. In this research, we construct "Building Administration System" to provide users a tool to perform a standard operation procedure in community management. This powerful tool will also help manager to effectively handle important tasks in property administrating by reducing unnecessary documentation. In the current regulation, all community committee members shall be voted each year. This will seriously affect the cumulative of management knowledge and cause a worse efficiency. In this research, we use Object Oriented concept and Visual Modeling techniques to combine with Interbase, ER/Studio, and Delphi to develop this management system for Building Property. Through the help of current computing technology, we can solve the problem that can not be inherited and the storing of the huge amount of data. In this system, we develop the modules such as Basic Data Module, Administrative Expense Calculation, Receipt Print, and Inquiring for Inheritance. In this system, we have integrated all houses, parking lots, and public equipments in it. Manager will only need to handle some basic accounting data; the system will automatically handle the rest. Through the help of this system, the community management staff can be easily accomplished and put more manpower on some needed aspect to improve the living quality.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.199-210
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• 2008

Backgrounds : Electroacupuncture(EA) is commonly used in treatment of various disease. Despite an extensive evidence-base guiding the selection of stimulation parameters, little methodologically robust research regarding the level of intensity and frequency in need to provide effective doses. Objectives : This study is evaluated effects of various intensities and frequencies of EA's stimulation at $ST_{36}$, Zusanli, with sex and age in rats. Methods : In this study, we measured the effects of EA treatment on transfer capability of small intestine in rats. Under anesthesia, two intensities, 1, 5mA with three different frequencies, 2, 50, 100Hz were applied to the groups divided with sex and age for 30minutes. Results : 1mA-2Hz, 5mA-2, 100Hz in male and 1mA-2, 50, 100Hz in female without distinction of age elicited an increasing trend in transfer capability of small intestine. In case of 2Hz in male, it showed the effects of EA without strength or weakness of stimulation and it need 100Hz stimulation additionally with age. In the groups of 1mA-2Hz, 5mA-2Hz in male and 1mA-2Hz, 1mA-100Hz, we elicited the decreasing trend with growing of weeks-old in male. Conclusions : With this result, it was suggested that we should consider a correlation of sex, age and EA's intensities, frequencies for the efficient EA.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.910-916
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• 2015

Scientists have recently shown an interest in the characteristics of Bacillus mojavensis strains because of their increasing use in plants as a defense against diseases and mycotoxins. We have shown here that B. mojavensis KJS-3 possesses the typical characteristics of B. mojavensis strains including a strong resistance to high temperatures (≤50℃), tolerance to high salt concentrations (7% NaCl), ethanol tolerance (40% ethanol), and pH range for growth (pH 5-9). B. mojavensis KJS-3 has been used for the production of cyclic lipopeptides including important antifungal substances such as surfactin, iturin, and fengycin. Polymerase chain reaction analysis in this study showed that B. mojavensis KJS-3 can be used for the production of fengycin and the findings of LC-MS/MS analyses suggest that B. mojavensis KJS-3 can be used to produce iturin and surfactin. Antifungal activity analys is confirmed that B. mojavensis KJS-3 has antifungal effects on Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani AG-4, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Colletotricum goeosporioides. A microscopy assessment of the roots of wild ginseng plants planted together with B. mojavensis KJS-3 revealed that the roots contained B. mojavensis KJS-3, confirming the bacteria to be a plant growth promoting endophyte (PGPE) which acts against plant diseases and mycotoxins. Our findings lead us to conclude that B. mojavensis KJS-3 can be produced at an industrial level as a microbial pesticide or microbial fertilizer.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.1150-1156
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• 2014

This trail was conducted to study the effect of L-proline on the growth performance, and blood parameter in the weaned lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged pigs. Thirty six pigs ($9.13{\pm}0.85$ kg) were assigned randomly to dietary treatments in a $2{\times}3$ factorial arrangement in a 20-d growth assay. Factors were intraperitoneal injection with saline or LPS, and three dietary L-proline supplement levels (0%, 0.5%, or 1.0%). On d 10, blood samples were collected at 3 h after LPS (100 ${\mu}g$ LPS/kg body weight [BW]) or saline injection. On d 20 of the trial, all pigs were orally administrated D-xylose (0.1 g/kg BW) at 2 h, and blood samples were collected at 3 h after LPS or saline injection. As a result, dietary supplementation with 0.5% proline had a tendency to increase average daily gain (ADG) in piglets during d 10 to 20 (p = 0.088). Without LPS challenge, dietary supplementation with 1.0% proline had no effect on growth hormone (GH) concentrations on d 10 (p>0.05), but decreased it after LPS challenge (p<0.05). There was LPS challenge${\times}$proline interaction for GH concentrations on d 10 (p<0.05). Dietary supplementation with 1.0% proline decreased glucagon concentration on d 10 after LPS challenge (p<0.05). In addition, dietary supplementation with proline increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity significantly on d 10 and 20 (p<0.05), and 1.0% proline increased heat shock proteins-70 concentration on d 10 (p<0.05). Moreover, proline supplementation increased diamine oxidase (DAO) concentrations after LPS challenge (p<0.05). There was LPS challenge${\times}$proline interaction for DAO (p<0.05). Furthermore, dietary supplementation with 1.0% proline increased the D-xylose level when no LPS challenge (p<0.05). These results indicate that proline supplementation could improve growth performance, increase SOD activities, and has a positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract digestibility in early weaned pigs.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.151-163
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• 2020

Grouting method is an effective way of reinforcing cracked rock masses and plugging water gushing. Current grouting diffusion models are generally developed for horizontal cracks, which is contradictory to the fact that the crack generally occurs in rock masses with irregular spatial distribution characteristics in real underground environments. To solve this problem, this study selected a cement-sodium silicate slurry (C-S slurry) generally used in engineering as a fast-curing grouting material and regarded the C-S slurry as a Bingham fluid with time-varying viscosity for analysis. Based on the theory of fluid mechanics, and by simultaneously considering the deadweight of slurry and characteristics of non-uniform spatial distribution of viscosity of fast-curing grouts, a theoretical model of slurry diffusion in an oblique crack in rock masses at constant grouting rate was established. Moreover, the viscosity and pressure distribution equations in the slurry diffusion zone were deduced, thus quantifying the relationship between grouting pressure, grouting time, and slurry diffusion distance. On this basis, by using a 3-d finite element program in multi-field coupled software Comsol, the numerical simulation results were compared with theoretical calculation values, further verifying the effectiveness of the theoretical model. In addition, through the analysis of two engineering case studies, the theoretical calculations and measured slurry diffusion radius were compared, to evaluate the application effects of the model in engineering practice. Finally, by using the established theoretical model, the influence of cracking in rock masses on the diffusion characteristics of slurry was analysed. The results demonstrate that the inclination angle of the crack in rock masses and azimuth angle of slurry diffusion affect slurry diffusion characteristics. More attention should be paid to the actual grouting process. The results can provide references for determining grouting parameters of fast-curing grouts in engineering practice.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2016

A test meju (meju 1) was prepared by inoculating two strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (EMD17, MJ1-4), Pichia farinosa SY80, and Rhizopus oryzae into cooked soybeans. A control (meju 2) was prepared by inoculating Bacillus subtilis KACC16450 and Aspergillus oryzae. Another control (meju 3) was prepared using rice straw as the source of microorganisms. Three different mejus were fermented for 56 days outdoors. Meju 1 and meju 2 showed higher pH values than meju 3, whereas meju 3 showed higher titratable acidity than meju 1 and meju 2. Meju 1 showed the highest fibrinolytic activity. Bacillus cereus was not detected in any mejus, but various microorganisms were detected in meju 2 and 3. Histamine was detected in meju 2 and tyramine in meju 3 at lower concentration, which were not detected in meju 1. It was concluded that microbially safe, fermented soybean products could be produced from meju fermented with starters such as B. amyloliquefaciens EMD17 and B. amyloliquefaciens MJ1-4.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.197-210
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• 2018

In order to clarify spatial meaning of Meridian and Collateral theory(經絡學說) within the human body. Meridian Divergence(經別) was studied mainly on "Miraculous Pivot(靈樞) - Meridian Divergence section(經別篇)". Furthermore, the meaning of Meridian Divergence(經別) was investigated based on Symbolic Mathematical Study(象數學). Firstly, Meridian divergence(經別) is associated with brain and Viscera and Bowels(臟腑) which are located in the Central Palace(中宮, Zhong Gong). It draws that Meridian Divergence(經別) is a theory based on Nine Palace(九宮, Jiugong), the spatial theory of Symbolic Mathematical Study(象數學). In this system, Viscera and Bowels(臟腑) were included in Meridian and Collateral(經絡). Secondly, the Central Palace(中宮, Zhong Gong) imparts functionality to Nine Palace(九宮, Jiu Gong). Therefore, brain and Viscera and Bowels(臟腑) in Central Palace(中宮, Zhong Gong) supply Qi and Blood(氣血) to whole Meridian and Collateral(經絡) and also control each Meridian and Collateral(經絡) through Twelve Meridian Divergences(十二經別). Meridian and Collateral Theory(經絡學說) is the theory of Body space. The basic theory of Twelve Meridian Vessels(十二經脈), Three Yin and Three Yang(三陰三陽) signifies six areas of human body space. And Fifteen Collateral Vessels(十五絡脈) connect the six areas of the Twelve Meridian Vessles(十二經脈) through Six Harmonies(六合, liu He). In addition, Meridian Divergence(經別) is also based on Nine Palace(九宮, Jiu Gong). Thus, Meridian and Collateral(經絡) classifies and organically integrates the human body space that is filled with Qi and Blood(氣血) by applying the theories of Symbolic Mathematical Study(象數學). Recently presented Morphogenetic field hypothesis resembles Meridian and Collateral theory(經絡學說). However Meridian and Collateral theory(經絡學說) is considered to be the substantive concept that has relation to treatments based on Meridian points(經穴) which contain the spatial information of Meridian and Collateral theory(經絡學說).

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.194-199
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• 2002

Extracted genomic DNA from 16 accessions of Codonopsis lanceolata collected from South Korea and the Baekdoo Mt. areas of China were analyzed for their genetic relationships by RAPD. Twenty 10-mer-oligonucleotide primers having reproductive polymorphism were selected for the RAPD analysis. The size of amplified DNA was almost between 125 bp and 2.0 kbp. Sixteen collected Codonopsis lanceolata were analyzed with 20 primers which generated 73(49.3%) polymorphic bands among 148 PCR products. The mean number of polymorphic bands were 7.4 and varied $1{\sim}9$ per primer. It was, thus, demonstrated that RAPD was useful for detecting polymorphism in Codonopsis lanceolata. The range of 1-F value(genetic similarity) was from 0.682 to 0.959. These results indicate variable genetic similarities. By UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method using an Arithmetic average) cluster analysis based on 1-F value, genetic distance among the 16 collected Codonopsis lanceolata was $0.133{\sim}0.400$. It was certainly classified into two groups between collected accessions from Korea and China, and the genetic distance was about 0.281. Both accessions collected from Korea and China showed miner differences, while the genetic relationships of Tonghua Xian and Liuhe Xian from China was farthest with other accessions collected.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2016

Two Bacillus strains, CJW15 and SSD8, with strong antibacterial activities were isolated from cheonggukjang. Both were identified as B. amyloliquefaciens strains after gene sequencing of rRNA and recA. CJW15 strongly inhibited the growth of B. cereus (ATCC14579), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC19111), and Lactococcus lactis (ATCC11454). In comparison, SSD8 inhibited the growth of B. cereus (ATCC14579) and Enterococcus faecium (ATCC19953). The antibacterial activities of the two strains were not affected when exposed to a temperature of $100^{\circ}C$ for 15 min and were quite stable in acidic (pH 3) and alkaline (pH 12) pH conditions. Enzymatic treatments (trypsin, pepsin, proteinase K, and protease) had no effect on the activity of CJW15, but reduced the activity of SSD8 by half. Both isolates possess genes involved in the synthesis of lipopeptides (e.g. surfactin, fengycin, iturin, and iturin A), and genes encoding subtilin, a bacteriocin. Moreover, both isolates have fibrinolytic activities as well.