• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 유체기계공업학회 2005년도 연구개발 발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.240-243
• /
• 2005

This study deals with the shape optimization of a wire spacer fuel assembly of Liquid Metal Reactors (LMRs). The Response Surface based optimization Method is used as an optimization technique with the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer using Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model as a turbulence closure. Two design variables namely, pitch to fuel rod diameter ratio and lead length to fuel rod diameter ratio are selected. The objective function is defined as a combination of the heat transfer rate and the inverse of friction loss with a weighting factor. Three level full-factorial method is used to determine the training points. In total, nine experiments have been performed numerically and the resulting datas have been analysed for optimization study. Also, a comparison has been made between the optimized surface and the reference one in this study.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.271-276
• /
• 1989

본 실험에서는 액체연료인 석유와 등유을 사용하여 전도, 복사, 대류, 연료의 표면유동 등이 각각 어느 정도 화염확장에 영향을 주는 가를 예측하기 위하여 위의 각각을 제어할 수 있는 장애물을 설치하였으며, 연료의 깊이에 의한 화염확장의 영향을 알아보기 위하여 3가지 종류의 깊이에 대하여 실험을 수행하였다.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.28-35
• /
• 2001

This study deals with the thermal characteristics of finned-tube heat exchanger having two rows used in the air-conditioning application. Pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient were measured by using the three times models of plain fin and compared with the theory. Also the temperature distribution and heat conduction in the fin was measured by using the liquid crystal method. The surface temperature of rear row was nearly constant, and heat conduction in the fin was stronger near the front row than the rear row.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.154-164
• /
• 2003

This paper has applied a simple model to the mass transfer mechanism of Cr(VI) with crownether in a batch-type, supported liquid membrane module. Concentration at pH 3 are as follows : 0.012 kmol/$m^3{\le}$18-crown-6${\le}$0.036 kmol/$m^3$ and 20 g/$m^3{\le}$ Cr(VI)${\le}$500 g/$m^3$. The measured values of forward- and backward-reaction rate constants between Cr(VI) and 18-crown-6 were used to simulate the model with the mass conservation equation and associated boundary conditions. Comparison between the experimental and simulated facilitated factor of Cr(VI) transport led to classification of reaction regions.

• 전기화학회지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.216-220
• /
• 2002

The effects of electrolytes on electrochemical behavior from an oil thin layer interposed between a graphite electrode and an aqueous solution phase were examined. A hydrophobic electroactive species, tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (TCQ), in a benzonitrile (EN) layer was employed to study ion transfer properties across the BN-water interface. Experimental results showed that hydrophobic cations as well as anions could be successfully used as ionic charge carriers. The addition of various salts into either the oil layers or the aqueous solutions offers deeper insight for the electrochemistry of the liquid thin layer system. When aqueous perchloric acid is interfaced with the BN films, the perchlorate ion of tetrahexylammonium perchlorate (THAP) substantially suppresses the dissociated proton concentration in the layer by the common ion effect while there is only a little change in the total acid concentration. Further approach by theoretical calculation makes it possible to quantitatively understand the effect of the electrolytes to the electrochemical responses of TCQ, which were previously reported (Anal. Chem. 73, 337 (2001)).

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.83-83
• /
• 2010

We report a new direct printing method, called liquid-mediated nanotransfer molding (LB-nTM), that uses a polar liquid-mediated transfer process. LB-nTM is based on the direct transfer of various materials from a stamp to a substrate via a liquid- bridge between the stamp and the substrate. This procedure can be adopted in automated printing machines that generate various material patterns with a wide range of feature sizes (as small as 60 nm) on diverse substrates. To demonstrate its usefulness, the LB-nTM method was applied to prepare ZnO-nanowire and TIPS-pentacene transistors.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2008

Flow and heat transfer characteristics of liquid nitrogen in narrow annular channels are very important for many practical applications. In the present study, the experimental investigation of flow boiling of liquid nitrogen in narrow annular channels with gap size of 0.2 and 0.5 mm is carried out. The pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients are experimentally measured. The comparison of the theoretical models for the pressure drop and the correlations of the flow boiling to the experimental results are carried out.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.9-12
• /
• 2017

Recently, DNA vaccination is attracting attentions as a new therapeutic method for lifestyle diseases and autoimmune diseases. However, its clinical applications are limited because a safe and efficient gene transfer method has not been established yet. In this study, a new method of gene transfer was proposed which utilizes the jet injection and the magnetic transfection. The jet injection is a method to inject medical liquid by momentary high pressure without needle. The injected liquid diffuses in the bio tissue and the endocytosis is considered to be improved by the diffusion. The magnetic transfection is a method to deliver the conjugates of plasmid DNA and magnetic particles to the desired site by external magnetic field. It is expected that jet injection of the conjugates causes slight membrane disruptions and the traction of the conjugates by magnetic field induces the efficient gene transfer. In conclusion, the possibility of improvement of the gene expression by the combination of jet injection and magnetic transfection was confirmed.

• 동력기계공학회지
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2000

This study concerns the performance of the heat transfer of the thermosyphon having 80 internal groove in which boiling and condensation occur. Distilled water has been used as a working fluid. The liquid filling as the ratio of working fluid volume to total volume of thermosyphon has been used as the experimental parameters. The heat flux and heat transfer coefficient at the condenser are estimated from the experimental results. The experimental results have been assessed and compared with the existing theories. As a result of the experimental investigation, the maximum heat flow rate in the thermosyphon is proved to be dependent upon the liquid fill quantity. relatively high rates of heat transfer have been achieved operating in the thermosyphon with the internal groove. Also, a thermosyphon with the internal groove can be used to achieve some inexpensive and compact heat exchangers in low temperature. In addition, overall heat transfer coefficients and the characteristics as an operating temperature are obtained for the practical applications.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.363-372
• /
• 2000

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the heat transfer enhancement and the pressure drop characteristics for liquid nitrogen using wire-coil-insert technique under horizontal two-phase conditions. The tube inner diameters were 8 mm and 15 mm, respectively and the tube length was 4.7 m. The helix angle of the wire coil insert was $50^{\circ}$ and its length was 4.7 m. Heat transfer coefficients for both the plain and the enhanced test tubes were calculated from the measurements of temperatures, flow rates and pressure drops. A correlation in a power-law relationship of the Nusselt number, Reynolds number and Prandtl number for the heat transfer was proposed which can be available for design of cryogenic heat exchangers. The correlation showed that heat transfer coefficients for the wire-coil inserts were much higher than those for plain tubes, increased by more than $1.8{\sim}2.0$ times depending upon the range of the equivalent Reynolds number. The correlation was compared with other various correlations in the turbulent flow conditions.