• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.449-452
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• 1977

The effect of carbon number of hydrocarbon used as a carbon source in the production of cellular lipid of Rhodotorula sp. and its fatty acid composition were investigated. Using Rhodotorula sp. on n-tetradecane and n-hexadecane whose carbon numbers are even, fermentation was carried out in a jar fermentor of 2 liter-capacity at $28^{\circ}C$, with pH range of 4.0∼4.6 and at oxygen flowing rate of 0. 4 vvm and agitation velocity of 1000 rpm. Drying the produced cell after completion of fermentation, cellular lipid was extracted from the cell using soxhlet extractor and examined its fatty acid composition by gas-liquid chromatography. Cellular lipid content in the cell produced on n-tetradecane and n-hexadecane were 12.0 % and 25,8 % on the basis of dry cell weight, respectively and their fatty acids were mostly even numbered in carbon number.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.5 no.4 s.16
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• pp.40-48
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• 2001

For a Liquified Petroleum Gas(LPG) station, the reliability analysis, such as Fussell-Vesely importance, risk decrease factor and risk increase factor, was carried out and the risk ranks of events were determined. In order to confirm the degree of the risks identified in the reliability analysis, the quantitative risk analysis was done for the equipments which had the large values of risk ranks. As a result of the importance analysis for the LPG station, the external event was identified as the most riskful event. The defect of construction structure and the pipe corrosion were riskful as well. The result of quantitative risk analysis showed that the length of 46.3 meters were estimated to damage the process equipments by the thermal flux from the catastrophic rupture of storage tank in Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.47-52
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper analyzes and studies to seek the failure examples of electronic control actuators for engine in liquified petroleum gas vehicle. The first, it was verified phenomenon for intial starting damage and no-acceleration of engine because of occasionally fuel feeding interception by clogged of emergency cutting solenoid valve filter. The second, the contact resistance produced in the connecting part of engine control relay because of no fully surface contacting by processes and assembly badness. It was displayed phenomenon of re-starting badness. The actuator that idle speed control system was sticked inside because of intake-air decreasing by carbon deposit. As a result, it was verified the phenomenon of disharmony that repeated up and down the engine revolution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.15-21
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• 2011

With petroleum reserves dwindling, interest has been increasing worldwide in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FT) as a method of producing synthetic liquid fuels and chemicals from coal, natural gas or biomass. In general, FT synthesis is operated through the gas phase fixed-bed reaction system. Recently, there are lots of study in supercritical fluid due to unique characteristics such as the quick diffusion of reactant gas, effective removal of reaction heat, and the in-situ extraction of high molecular weight hydrocarbon, such as wax. In this study, our major aim is to obtain a deeper insight into the effect of the type of support on the reaction performance over a supported cobalt catalyst in a fixed bed reactor.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.326-331
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• 1979

압력배관에 대한 미국의 국가규준으로는 다음과 같은 것이 있다. Section 1. Power Piping ANSI B31.1 Section 2. Fuol Gas Piping ANSI B31.2 Section 3. Petroleum Refinery Piping ANSI B31.3 Section 4. Liquid Potroleum Transportation Piping ANSI B31.4 5. Section Refrigeration Piping ANSI 31.5 Section 6. Chemical Plant Piping ANSI B31.6 Section 7. Nuclear Power Piping ANSI B31.7 Section 8. Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems ANSI B31.8 이중에서 Power Piping ANSI B31.1은 1977년도에 공진청에서 제정한 "압력배관 기술 기준 (1) "의 기본이 되고 있다. 금반의 냉동배관 기술기준 제정에 있어서도 이것이 압력배관의 범주내에 포함되는 것이기 때문에 기준의 통일성을 기하기 위하여서는 압력 배관기술기준(1)에 준하여 ANSI B31.5 Refrigeration Piping을 기본으로 하여야 할 것으로 고려하였다. 현재 각국의 압력 배관에 대한 기술기준은 그 형식은 여하간에 기본적으로는 ANSI B31. 시리즈에 따르고 있고 또 이 규준이 국제적으로 인정 널리 시행되고 있으므로 본 냉동배관 기술기준도 ANSI B31.5에 따라 제정하는 것이 타당성이 있는 것으로 고려하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1073-1080
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• 2018

There are several types of petroleum products used for the fuel oil, according to their respective quality standards, grades and usage. Depending on the degree of oil tax rate by country, even the same petroleum products will have price gap. The illegal mixing of cheap petroleum products, which are subject to the lower tax rate, with relatively expensive transportation fuel causes problems such as tax evasion, environmental pollution and vehicle breakdown. In order to prevent illicit production and mixing of these different petroleum products, a small amount of markers are legally added to specific petroleum products. In Korea, markers are introduced and used to prevent illegal activity that kerosene used as fuel for house and commercial boiler are mixed with automotive diesel fuels, and marker contents are analyzed to use UV-Vis spectrophotometer and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In this study, we have developed a method to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the marker added to petroleum products by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) without adding developing reagent or sample pre-treatments.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.4 no.4 s.12
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• pp.20-24
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• 2000

The electrostatic safety consciousness of safety manager were investigated through questionnaires sent to liquid petroleum gas stations in Korea. In addition, hazards of fire and explosion due to electrostatic on synthetic-polymer-wears and cotton-wears were estimated experimentally. The results of questionnaires indicate most workers wear their working clothes indiscreetly owing to lack of knowledge of preventing electrostatic hazards. The amounts of electrostatic charge generated in synthetic-polymer-wears were 1.79, 1.44 and 1.02 $\mu$C in winter, spring and autumn and summer, respectively. All these values exceed the limit of working wears of 0.60$\mu$C requested by Korea Standard(KS K-7807) for preventing electrostatic hazards, which means hazards may occur. While, the charge in cotton-wears were in the range of 0.42 to 0.52$\mu$C, which suggests that the cotton-wears investigated in this study have no problem of hazards. Therefore workers, visual and experiential education are necessary for elevating the standard of on electrostatics. It is also necessary to establish standards of wearing for preventing electrostatic hazards.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.146-151
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• 2011

LPG(Liquified Petroleum Gas) fuel for vehicles has lots of advantages such as low emission level, cheaper fuel cost and enough infrastructure. Therefore it arouses interest as an alternative engine to reduce emission of diesel engines. Especially MPI(Multi Point Injection) type LPLi(Liquid Phase LPG injection) system could have overcome the disadvantages of mixer types such as low engine performance, decreased charging efficiency and cold starting difficulty. However ice formation on the nozzle tip and intake port due to the freezing of moisture around the components is often observed in LPLi systems. This icing phenomenon is the direct cause of unstable engine combustion, resulting in engine emissions. Therefore in this research, a spray visualization test for LPG injection was carried out to obtain the basic information of an LPLi injector, then the effects of butane and propane mixing rates on ice formation at the intake port and nozzle tip was investigated. As a result, the icing characteristics of them showed contrary results according to the mixing rates.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.390-394
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• 2011

Vapor liquid equilibria were measured for the binary systems of ditetrahydrofurfurylpropane (DTHFP) and some solvents such as cyclohexane, n-heptane, tetrahydrofuran, and water. Binary vapor liquid equilibria were measured for the diluted concentration range of DTHFP. NRTL model was used to analyze the measured data. With the experimental data, binary interaction parameters of the NRTL model were regressed.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.545-549
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• 2013

Liquid paraffin is a mixture of heavier alkanes derived from petroleum. It can be used as a lubricant in processing machinery, as a coating agent, or as a releasing agent. The purpose of this study was to analyze liquid paraffins in foods by using a gas chromatography-flame ionized detector (GC-FID). Liquid paraffin was extracted from the food samples using n-hexane. Non-polar aromatic or olefinic co-extractives were removed by alkaline permanganate oxidation followed by clean up on an aluminium oxide SPE cartridge before the GC-FID analysis. The results of recovery tests were 91.5-103.2%. Based on this optimized method, we investigated the amount of liquid paraffin in various food samples purchased from domestic markets. The levels of liquid paraffin in bread were $95.5{\pm}156.0$ mg/kg (0.008%), those in capsules were $40.2{\pm}54.5$ mg/kg (0.001%), and those in dried fruits and vegetables were $3.0{\pm}18.1$ mg/kg (0.0001%). No liquid paraffin was detected in fresh fruits and vegetables. We propose that our method can be used to monitor and detect liquid paraffin in foods for food safety management.