• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.667-672
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• 2004

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics were treated with a silica particle and phosphate flame retardant to determine the optimum process condition of the digital textile printing(DTP) media. The treating conditions for the study were 6 conditions, from F1 to F6, in which F3, F4 and F5 were treated with mixture of both silica particle and phosphate compound in process of pad, dry and cure fixation. F6 was treated with phosphate compound only and silica particle coating successively. Xanthan gum was used to control the migration of liquid phosphate compound onto PET fabrics. The change in surface morphology of fabrics treated with silica particle and phosphate compound was observed by SEM and flame retardance was evaluated by limiting oxygen index(LOI). It was observed that F6 was the excellent flame retardance and low bleeding in printing, Collectively, the printing characteristics of silica to cyan, magenta, yellow and black ink and flame retardance of fabrics finished with phosphate compound were identified in this study.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.139-144
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• 2009

A microwave plasma torch at the atmospheric pressure by making use of magnetrons operated at the 2.45 GHz and used in a home microwave oven has been developed. This electrodeless torch can be used to various areas, including industrial, environmental and military applications. Although the microwave plasma torch has many applications, we in the present work focused on the microwave plasma torch operated in pure steam and several applications, which may be used in future and right now. For example, a high-temperature steam microwave plasma torch may have a potential application of the hydrocarbon fuel reforming at one atmospheric pressure. Moreover, the radicals including hydrogen, oxygen and hydroxide molecules are abundantly available in the steam torch, dramatically enhancing the reaction speed. Also, the microwave plasma torch can be used as a high-temperature, large-volume plasma burner by injecting hydrocarbon fuels in gas, liquid, and solid into the plasma flame. Finally, we briefly report treatment of soils contaminated with oils, volatile organic compounds, heavy metals, etc., which is an underway research in our group.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 1999

Wekk oriented $Bi_{2} Sr_{2} CaCu_{2} O_{8}$ suppercondcting thick films were fabricared on copper tape by LiReac-PreCu (liquid reaction between a Cu-free precousor and Cu tape) method. Cu-free precursor power which is composed of $Bi_{2}Sr_{2}Ca_{5}$ was printed on a copper tape by screen printing and was heat-treated. The speciment were partially in a molten state at the heat treatment temperature (85$0^{\circ}C$~87$0^{\circ}C$). The heat heat treatments for the reaction were performed in air or low oxygen pressure in several stages. XRD analyses of the resulting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 superconducting tapes show that the $Bi_{2} Sr_{2} CaCu_{2} O_{8}$ phase is dominant and a small amount of $Bi_{2} Sr_{2} Cu_{2} O_{6}$ phase is detected. Both phases are aligned in the c-axis direction.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity and Cryogenics Conference
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• 2003.02a
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• pp.129-132
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• 2003

Yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) buffer layers were deposited by a metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique using single liquid source for the application of YBa$_2$Cu$_3$$O_{7-x}$ (YBCO) coated conductor. Y:Zr mole ratio was 0.2:0.8, and tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used as a solvent. The (100) single crystal MgO substrate was used for searching deposition condition. Bi-axially oriented CeO$_2$ and NiO films were fabricated on {100}〈001〉 Ni substrate by the same method and used as templates. At a constant working pressure of 10 Torr, the deposition temperatures (660~80$0^{\circ}C$) and oxygen flow rates (100~500 sccm) were changed to find the optimum deposition condition. The best (100) oriented YSZ film on MgO was obtained at 74$0^{\circ}C$ and $O_2$ flow rate of 300 sccm. For YSZ buffer layer with this deposition condition on CeO$_2$/Ni template, full width half maximum (FWHM) values of the in-plane and out-of-plane alignments were 10.6$^{\circ}$ and 9.8$^{\circ}$, respectively. The SEM image of YSZ film on CeO$_2$/Ni showed surface morphologies without microcrack.k.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2017

In this work the optical fiber glucose and lactate biosensors were developed by using fluorescent dye and enzyme immobilized on the end tip of an optical fiber. 3-Glycidyloxypropyl)methyldiethoxysilane (GPTMS), (3-Aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTMS) and Methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) were used to immobilize glucose oxidase (GOD), lactate oxidase (LOD) and ruthenium(II) complex (tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) ruthenium(II), $Ru(dpp)_3^{2+}$) as oxygen sensitive fluorescent dye. MTMS sol-gel was an excellent supporting material for the immobilization of $Ru(dpp)_3^{2+}$, GOD, and LOD on the optical fiber. Storage stability of the optical fiber glucose sensor was kept constant over 20 days, while the optical fiber lactate sensor had constant storage stability over 17 days. The optical fiber glucose and lactate biosensors also maintained good operational stability for 20 hours and 14 hours, respectively. The activities of the immobilized enzymes were most excellent at pH 7 and at $25^{\circ}C$. On-line monitoring of glucose and lactate in a simulated process was performed with the optical fiber glucose and lactate biosensors. On-line monitoring results were agreed with those of off-line data measured with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 2014

The nitrogen solubility and nitride capacity of $CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO-CaF_2$ slag systems were measured by using gas-liquid equilibration at 1773K. The nitrogen solubility of this slag system decreased with increasing CO partial pressure, with the linear relationship between nitrogen contents and oxygen partial pressure being -3/4. This system was expected to show two types of nitride solution behavior. First, the nitrogen solubility decreased to a minimum value and then increased with the increase of CaO contents. These mechanisms were explained by considering that nitrogen can dissolve into slags as "free nitride" at high basicities and as "incorporated nitride" within the network at low basicities. Also, the basicity of slag and nitride capacity were explained by using optical basicity. The nitrogen contents exhibited temperature dependence, showing an increase in nitrogen contents with increasing temperature.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.254-261
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze oxidized methionines in the myosin isoforms of porcine longissimus thoracis, psoas major, and semimembranosus muscles by liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS). A total of 836 queries matched to four myosin isoforms (myosin-1, -2, -4, and -7) were analyzed and each myosin isoform was identified by its unique peptides (7.3-13.3). Forty-four peptides were observed from all three muscles. Seventeen peptides were unique to the myosin isoform and the others were common peptides expressed in two or more myosin isoforms. Five were identified as oxidized peptides with one or two methionine sulfoxides with 16 amu of mass modification. Methionines on residues 215 (215), 438 (438), 853 (851), 856 (854), 1071 (1069), and 1106 (1104) of myosin-1 (myosin-4) were oxidized by the addition of oxygen. Myosin-2 had two oxidized methionines on residues 215 and 438. No queries matched to myosin-7 were observed as oxidized peptides. LC-MS/MS allows analysis of the oxidation of specific amino acids on specific residue sites, as well as in specific proteins in the food system.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.356-365
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• 2020

The aqueous carbonation efficiencies of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) and ladle slags at various pressures, temperatures, and liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratios were investigated to determine optimum conditions. The maximum CO₂ carbonated concentrations in slag (0.584 mmol/g for BOF slag and 1.038 mmol/g for ladle slag) was obtained at 10 bars, 40℃, and L/S = 5 mL/g-dry. The L/S ratio was the most critical parameter for carbonation. The effect of carbonated slag amendment on the immobilization of heavy metals in two field-contaminated soils was also investigated. The immobilization efficiencies evaluated by using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme (SM&T) were above 90% for both raw and carbonated slags for all soils. The TCLP-extractable heavy metals concentrations were below the criteria (5.0, 1.0 and 5.0 g/L for Pb, Cd, and Cr, respectively) after immobilizations with both slags except for Pb in soil B. The SM&T analysis showed the decrease in the exchangeable phase but the increase in residual phase after immobilization with raw and carbonated slags. The results of this study imply the promising potential of the carbonated slags on the immobilization of heavy metals in the field-contaminated soils.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.555-560
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• 1990

High temperature superconducting films of $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x}$ were fabricated on the (100) single crystal faces of YSZ (yttria stabilized zirconia) and SrTi$O_3$ by aerosol spray using ultrasonic atomization. The superconducting phase was formed by a three-step process: (a) spraying of a stoichiometric solution of nitrates of yttrium, barium, and copper on heated substrates kept at 250$^{\circ}C$, (b) preheating of the sprayed films in air at 550$^{\circ}C$, and (e) sintering of the films in flowing oxygen at 950$^{\circ}C$, followed by furnace cooling. Resistances of the films were measured by the dc four-probe method and superconductivity was confirmed above the liquid nitrogen temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.5-8
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• 2010

The GCSC injectors studied in this paper are those applied to the combustion chamber of staged combustion engines. Liquid fuel is injected through tangential holes along the outer wall of the GCSC injector forming a swirling sheet and oxygen rich gas generated by a preburner enters axially through the center orifice of the injector to form a gaseous jet. The spray characteristics of GCSC injectors under ambient/high pressure conditions and the effect of recess on spray characteristics have been examined in this paper. These results are expected to be used as fundamental data to develop of a staged combustion engine.