• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.9-21
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• 2002

Recently each domestic NPP has achieved zero release in liquid effluent activity. However, when looking back past experiences in world nuclear power operation, it is thought that another maximum activity reduction in the released liquid effluent just prior to falling it into environment, if possible, will bring a good effect in PA viewpoint. As the intent of applying the safety concept of diversity to conducting the above activity reduction measure, a scheme passing that effluent through the Deposition Bed just before discharging it into ocean environment was divised. Both Zeolite and ＂the mixed ＂Anthracite-sand＂ were derived as the main activity adsorption medium used in the Deposition Bed, and the schematic drawings of this Bed were presented.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.8
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• pp.65-70
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• 1988

The intensity of ultrasound in liquid is calculated by improved analytic method. Helmholtz equation or Rayleigh's proposition does not offer the analytic solution. Considering a bounded medium, the use of the image source method in electromagnetic thoery gives a new way of calculating the total ultrasonic intensity in liquid. Some methods of measuring the intensities are also mentioned.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2006

This study was made to investigate the difference of the shiitake productivity according to the use of sawdust, plug-shaped and liquid spawn. Contamination of medium was confirmed by eye. There was no contamination in the liquid spawn treatment. And, contamination rates in the sawdust spawn and plug-shaped spawn were 6.7%, respectively. Productivity of fruit-bodies was 725.1 g from sawdust spawn, 726.2 g from plug-shaped spawn and 573.9 g from liquid spawn until 3rd flushing of fruit-bodies. The number of fruit-bodies was 57.4 per medium of sawdust spawn, 64.3 plug-shaped spawn and 45.1 liquid spawn. At yield per medium, the percentage of media producing over 1,000 g was 13% in plug-shaped spawn and 7% in liquid spawn. However, there was no medium producing over 1,000 g of fruit-bodies in sawdust spawn. Fruit-bodies of $600{\sim}900g$ were yielded from 79% of sawdust spawn treatment, 53% plug-shaped spawn and 33% liquid spawn treatment. When compared the productivity of fruit-bodies, liquid spawn treatment appeared lower than sawdust spawn and plug-shaped spawn treatment at 1st flushing, but appeared higher than the others at 2nd and 3rd flushing.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.92-93
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• 2007

• KSBB Journal
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.301-307
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• 2012

The hyphal growth, production of color pigments and monacolin K by Monascus strains were investigated in liquid medium. Thirty five different strains were collected and cultured in potato dextrose yeast extract broth (PDYB), potato dextrose broth (PDB) and malt extract broth (MEB) medea at $25^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. The growth rates of most of strains were highest in PDYB medium. Growth rate as well as pigment production were influenced by suspension conditions of mycelia during liquid cultivation. Most of strains producing monacolin K corresponded to strains producing red pigment highly and showing more pH changes of liquid media. Monacolin K produced from strains was detected in culture broth as well as mycelia. Any citrinin was not detected in monacolin K producing strains. These results imply that the selection of the strains producing red pigment highly and showing more pH changes in liquid cultivation could be applied for primary screening of Monascus strains for preparation of red mold rice.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2021

Cryogenic vessels are special equipment that requires periodic evaluation of their thermal insulation performance. At the current standard, the test is considered as the loss product or heat leakage of cryogenic vessel, which takes over 72 h to evaluate; consequently, a large amount of working medium is discharged to the environment in the process. However, hydrogen is flammable and explosive, and the discharged gas may be dangerous. If liquid hydrogen is replaced with liquid nitrogen before testing, the operation then becomes complicated, and the loss product or heat leakage cannot respond to the thermal insulation performance of cryogenic vessels for liquid hydrogen. Therefore, a novel method is proposed to evaluate the heat leakage of cryogenic vessels for liquid hydrogen in self-pressurization. In contrast to the current testing methods, the method proposed in this study does not require discharge or exchange of working medium in all test processes. The proposed method is based on one-dimensional heat transfer analysis of cryogenic vessels, which is verified by experiment. When this method is used to predict the heat leakage, the comparison with the experimental data of the standard method shows that the maximum error of heat leakage is less than 5.0%.

• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2003

Effects of shaking, medium consistency and anther density on polyhaploid production in two wheat cultivars, Pavon and Chris, were studied using a modified 85D12 medium. Pavon produced more calli in shaking and more albino plants tban Chris. However, Chris produced threefold more green plants than Pavon in non-shaking treatment. More calli and green plants were derived from non-shaking treatment than those from shaking treatment. Anthers were cultured on both liquid and semi-solid 85D12 media, using two anther densities, 48 and 96 anthers per plate. Although Pavon generally produced more calli and albino plants than Chris, Chris produced more green plants than Pavon. More green plants were derived from semi-solid medium than those from liquid medium. A factor that may affect plant regeneration from anthers is the length of time on initiation medium. Most of the calli for both genotypes were transferred during the first two time periods. Fertility, as measured by seed set, was determined for all surviving regenerated plants. About 24% of Chris and Pavon anther-derived green plants in the experiment of medium consistency and anther density produced seed.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.65-69
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• 1988

This study was carried out to find the optimum condition for production of fusarin C, Known as a mutagenic and toxic agent. Three liquid media, Czapek-kox, MYRO, GYEP and microorganism, Fusarium moniliforme F84 isolated by Bjeldanes lab. in U.C. Berkeley, were used in this experiment. Fusarin C amounts were determined upon PH and fluctuating time/temperature. The results were obtained as follows; 1. The largest amounts of fusarin C were shown in Czapek-Dox medium and the amounts were about 1/10 of fusarin C amounts in corn culture. 2. In Czapek-Dox medium, the best condition for fusarin C production was at $28^{\circ}C$ for 2 weeks culture, and in corn culture, at $28^{\circ}C$ for l week culture. 3. The best initial PH for fusarin C production was 6.5 in Czapek-Dox medium and also at the initial pH 6.3, 5.9 the fusarin C amounts produced were much higher than other initial PH.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.346-351
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• 2007

An efficient somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration protocol was developed for Schisandra chinensis Baill, using embryogenic cell suspensions and optimized media conditions. Friable embryogenic callus was induced from cotyledonary leaf and hypocotyl explants of 7 days old seedlings on MS agar medium supplemented with 1.0 to $4.0\;mg\;l^{-1}$ of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Fast growing and well dispersed embryogenic cell suspensions were developed within two months when embryogenic calli were transferred to MS liquid medium containing $1.0\;mg\;l^{-1}\;2,4-D$. One third strength of MS medium was the best for both overall growth and development of somatic embryos in liquid culture. Over 3400 viable somatic embryos were produced from each 150 ml flask with an initial cell density of 30 mg in 30 ml medium. Germinated somatic embryos developed in liquid medium converted into plantlets after transferred to half-strength MS semi-solid medium. Approximately 90% of the converted plantlets were successfully transplanted to soil and grew into fertile plants.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.3-8
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• 2012

In this study, to produce Flammulina velutipes mushroom liquid spawn efficiently and effectively the effects of explosive aeration (supplying air with tiny bubbles) of the liquid culture medium on carbon dioxide concentration and residual sugar content in the medium on carbon dioxide concentration and residual sugar contentin the medium were measured. Carbon dioxide concentrations were measured at the outlet of the incubator. On the third day the explosive aeration greatly increased mycelial growth of the liquid spawn, and carbon dioxide concentration also greatly increased but decreased after 5 days. Free sugar contents in the liquid culture consistantly decreased up to 7 days and thereafter was not detected. The weight of the mycelia were maintained similar levels after 3 days. Total nitrogen content in the liquid medium constantly decreased during the 11days of explosive aeration. The content of free sugars in 7 days of culture was the lowest level, thus the inoculum incubated for 6~7 days was thought to be the most effective. Carbon dioxide concentration measurement at the outlet of the container during the liquid spawn incubation required low cost but was efficient to estimate the degree of mycelial growth to be used as a simple indicator.