• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.171-174
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• 2008

The increasing price of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) has forced many households to shift to firewood/charcoal in the Philippines, causing tremendous pressure on the dwindling forest. This transition is more obvious in the rural area where firewood price is almost half of that in the cities. Both problems on big demand for firewood and the pressure on our forest can be partly solved by going into firewood plantation. After all, the country has vast track of idle lands, both private and government lands, waiting to be developed. What the government can do are: a) aggressive promotion of firewood plantation, b) simplify further the old technology on establishing firewood plantation to encourage more farmers, c) improve charcoal processing and d) promote the use of efficient stoves. This write up discusses the need for firewood plantation, areas available for planting, where to plant in farms, what species to plant in a particular soil type/location for optimum growth, planting methods, harvesting, marketing, and the side lights on the ecological benefits derived from plantation aside from wood.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.266-274
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• 2008

The need for more fuel-efficient and lower-emission vehicles has driven the technical development of alternative fuels such as Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG) which is able to meet the limits of better emission levels without many modifications to current engine design. LPG has a high vapor pressure and lower viscosity and surface tension than diesel and gasoline fuels. These different fuel characteristics make it difficult to apply it for the conventional gasoline or diesel fuel pump directly. In this study, experiments are performed to get performance and efficiency of the fuel pump at different condition as temperature, rotating speeds, composition of fuel. The characteristics of fuel pump is affected by cavitation due to the variation of temperature and composition.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2005

Fuel injection rate of an injector is affected by various injection conditions such as injection duration, fuel temperature, injection pressure, and voltage in LPG liquid injection systems for either a port-fuel-injection(PFI) or a direct injection(DI) in a cylinder. Even fuel injection conditions are changed, the air-fuel ratio should be accurately controlled to educe exhaust emissions. In this study, correction factor for the fuel injection rate of an injector is derived from the density ratio and the pressure difference ratio. A voltage correction factor is researched from injection test results on an LPG liquid injection engine. A compensation method of the fuel injection rate is proposed for a fuel injection control system. The experimental results for the LPG liquid injection system in a SI-engine show that this system works well on experimental range of engine speed and load conditions. And the fuel injection rate is accurately controlled by the proposed compensation method.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2010년도 춘계학술발표논문집 2부
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• pp.1045-1048
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• 2010

본 연구는 LPG 충전소 등에서 운용하는 저장탱크에 대하여 퓨방법을 통하여, 기존의 지상형과 지하형의 장점과 단점을 비교 판정하여 혁신시공법으로 고객만족을 실현시키기 위함이다. 자동차 연료로서 LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas)의 사용은 대기오염을 줄이는데 효과적으로 사용이 빠르게 확산되고 있다. 하지만 가스사용이 늘어나면서 폭발과 화재에 의한 인명피해가 해마다 발생하고 있으며, 특히 대규모 저장시설에서의 가스사고는 사회적으로 심각한 문제를 야기하고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 LPG를 대량으로 취급 저장하는 시설에서 운용하는 저장탱크의 설치방법을 개선하기 위하여 아이디어 판단기법중 하나인 퓨(Pugh) 방법으로 판단하면 기존의 지상형과 지하매몰형, 지하격납형에서 안전성과 토지이용률이 우수한 지하격납저장탱크가 가장 효과적임을 알 수 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2010년도 춘계학술발표논문집 2부
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• pp.1093-1096
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• 2010

자동차 연료로서 LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas)의 사용은 대기오염을 줄이는데 효과적으로 사용이 빠르게 확산되고 있다. 가스사용이 늘어나면서 폭발과 화재에 의한 인명피해가 해마다 발생하고 있으며, 특히 대규모 저장시설에서의 가스사고는 사회적으로 심각한 문제를 야기하고 있다. 이를 최소화하기 위한 방안으로 지하격납형 저장탱크를 대안으로 제시하고 있다. 본 연구는 LPG를 대량으로 취급 저장하는 시설에서 운용하는 저장탱크의 설치방법을 개선하기 위한 것으로, 지상형과 지하매몰형, 지하격납형에 대하여 누출가능성, 경제성, 토지이용률, 안전성, 점검편리성, 시공용이성을 인자로 다구찌(Taguchi) 실험계획법으로 분석하면 토지이용률, 경제성, 안전성순으로 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 최적의 시공법은 지하격납형 저장탱크인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2002

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) has been used as motor fuel due to its low emissions and low cost. This study addresses the analysis of the LPG spray behavior near injection nozzle. The LPG spray photographs are compared with sprays of diesel fuel at the same conditions. The LPG spray photos show that the dispersion characteristic depends very sensuously on the ambient pressure soon after injection. The spray angle is very wide in a low ambient pressure condition until the saturated pressure at this test condition, but the angle value is quickly reduced at the condition over the pressure.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.654-661
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• 1999

This is fundamental study to improve performance of the SI engine,. In this study a conven-tional kerosene engine was modified to LPG dedicated engine which can be operated with LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas) The modified model were tested in accordance with various compression ratios. Also the engine performance with modified model was compared with the conventional one. The results are sum-marized as follow; 1. In comparison with the conventional kerosene Gasoline engine and LPG dedicated engine can be operated with lower exhaust emission better fuel economy and better thermal efficiency. 2. But is produce a slightly lower brake horse power.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2002

The interaction between airflow and liquid phase LfG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) sprays was investigated in a steady flow system embodied in a wind tunnel to simulate the variety of flow inside intake port of LPG engines with liquid injection system. The spray developments in flowing fields with the mean velocities of 5.4, 21.5 and 42.4m/s were identified by spray visualization techniques such as Mie scattering and shadowgraph. The microscopic visualization using a telescopic lens system was performed to investigate the shape and size of liquid droplets in the spray. PDA measurement was used to get 1-dimensional velocity and diameter of liquid droplets. The fast co-flows make the spray field be compact and be lead upward to the injection direction. SMD of the spray was smaller at the fast flowing field. Spray width got bigger and SMD of the spray was smaller with higher injection pressure.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1196-1202
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• 2003

The concept of hydrogen enriched LPG fuelled engine can be essentially characterized as low emissions and reduction of backfire for hydrogen engine. The purpose of study is obtaining low-emission and high-efficiency in LPG engine with hydrogen enrichment. In order to determine the ideal compression ratio, a variable compression ratio single cylinder engine was developed. The objective of this paper is to clarify the effects of hydrogen enriched LPG fuelled engine on exhaust emission, thermal efficiency and performance. The compression ratio of 8 was selected to minimize abnormal combustion. To maintain equal heating value, the amount of LPG was decreased, and hydrogen was gradually added. In a similar manner, the relative air-fuel ratio was increased from 0.8 to 1.3 in increment of 0.1, and the ignition timing was controlled to be at MBT each case.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.201-205
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• 2008

For the prevention of Hanwoo calf diarrhea, the floor in a cattle shed was flamed using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in an attempt to substitute for the chemical disinfection method. Before flaming, litter on the floor was removed and cleaned. Outbreak rate of diarrhea in calves vaccinated with ScourGuard 3K^® was decreased from 70% to 30% and the effect of the flame disinfection lasted for three to four months.