• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.15 no.9
• /
• pp.599-605
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to evaluate suppressive effects of black rice aleurone layer extract (BRE) on body fat, serum lipid, and hormone levels in ovariectomized rats. The rats were divided into five groups (n=8/group): sham operated group (S); ovariectomized control group (OVX); ovariectomized group treated with isoflavone 10 mg/kg B.W. (IF); ovariectomized group treated with BRE 30 or 90mg/kg B.W. (BRE-30 or -90). High fat diet (45% calories from fat) was fed to all rats for 12 weeks. Body weight gain, body fat weight, and adiposity index increased in the OVX group, but they significantly decreased in IF or BRE supplementation. Serum triacylglycerol and leptin levels decreased in BRE groups while serum adiponectin level significantly increased compared to that of the OVX group. Hepatic total lipid, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels increased in the OVX group, but they decreased in BRE supplementation (p>0.05). These data suggest that black rice aleurone layer may be a useful food source to decrease obesity and its related diseases by modulating lipid metabolism in estrogen-deficiency model.

• Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society
• /
• v.59 no.12
• /
• pp.1103-1107
• /
• 2018

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical effect of intense regulated pulse light (IRPL) and changes in tear film thickness in dry eye patients. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 25 patients with Meibomian gland dysfunction who had subjective dry eye discomfort and whose tear film break-up time (TBUT) was < 10 seconds. All patients were treated with IRPL three times on days 1, 15, and 45. TBUT, Schirmer 1 test results, cornea staining score with fluorescein, ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and lipid layer thickness were measured and compared before and after the procedure. Results: TBUT was significantly increased from $3.7{\pm}1.2s$ to $4.4{\pm}2.1s$ after IRPL (p = 0.03). Schirmer 1 test and cornea staining scores changed significantly (p < 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively). OSDI also showed a statistically significant improvement from $39.5{\pm}17.5points$ to $30.4{\pm}18.7points$ (p = 0.01). However, no significant difference in lipid layer thickness was observed (p = 0.49). Conclusions: IRPL is an effective treatment modality to improve TBUT, Schirmer 1 test scores, cornea staining scores, and subjective dry eye symptoms.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.169-176
• /
• 1988

Lipid contents, fatty acid compositions and free sugar contents of dried ginsengs grown for different years were studied. The lipid and free sugar were separated and quantified by silicic acid column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, gas liquid chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Ginseng contained $1.07{\sim}67%$ crude lipid and the hightest lipid content was shown in 3 year old root. The lipid fractions obtained by silicic acid column chromatography were mainly composed of neutral lipid$(51.35{\sim}72.30%)$. The contents of phospholipid and glycolipid in total lipids were $15.03{\sim}34.59%$ and $11.83{\sim}20.72%$, respectively. As the ginseng grew, neutral lipid content increased gradually but glycolipid decreased to the half of the one year old root. Seven components of neutral lipid separated by thin layer chromatography were identified but the other two components were not able to be identified. Triglyceride content was $14.42{\sim}23.91%$, sterol ester and unidentified material(II) were $13.58{\sim}21.26%$ and $7.13{\sim}15.83%$ respectively. The major fatty acids were linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid. Linoleic acid content of total and neutral lipid was $61{\sim}65%$ palmitic acid content in phospholipid was $26{\sim}39%$ and one year old root showed the hightest contents. The fatty acid composition of neutral lipid was similar to the pattern of total lipid. Linolenic acid content of glycolipid decreased gradually. Free sugars were composed of rhamnose, fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose and an unidentified material. The content of sucrose was $92{\sim}94%$ of total free sugars. Two year old root showed the highest sugar content and it decreased since then.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.1577-1580
• /
• 2012

The orientational and dynamic behavior of liquid crystal molecules on the alignment layer surfaces of liquid crystal display (LCD) devices is crucial to their performance, but there are only a few methods of experimentally elucidating the interactions between the liquid crystals and the alignment layers. Inspired by the natural and technical similarities between membrane proteins in lipid bilayers and liquid crystals in LCDs, we employed solid-state NMR methodologies originally developed for the study of membrane proteins in lipid bilayers for the in-situ analysis of liquid crystal display panels. In this article, we present a home-built 500 MHz narrowbore (NB) The orientational and dynamic behavior of liquid crystal molecules on the alignment layer surfaces of liquid crystal display (LCD) devices is crucial to their performance, but there are only a few methods of experimentally elucidating the interactions between the liquid crystals and the alignment layers. Inspired by the natural and technical similarities between membrane proteins in lipid bilayers and liquid crystals in LCDs, we employed solid-state NMR methodologies originally developed for the study of membrane proteins in lipid bilayers for the in-situ analysis of liquid crystal display panels. In this article, we present a home-built 500 MHz narrowbore (NB) $^{19}F-^{13}C$ double resonance solid-state NMR probe with a flat-square coil and the first application of this probe for the in-situ analysis of LCD panel samples. double resonance solid-state NMR probe with a flat-square coil and the first application of this probe for the in-situ analysis of LCD panel samples.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.1043-1046
• /
• 2004

The stability and electrochemical properties of a self-assembled layer of spinach ferredoxin on a quartz substrate and on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite electrode were investigated. To fabricate the ferredoxin self-assembly layer, dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine was first deposited onto a substrate for ferredoxin immobilization. Surface analysis of the ferredoxin layer was carried out by atomic force microscopy to verify the ferredoxin immobilization. To verify ferredoxin immobilization on the lipid layer and to confirm the maintenance of redox activity, absorption spectrum measurement was carried out. Finally, cyclic-voltammetry measurements were performed on the ferredoxin layers and the redox potentials were obtained. The redox potential of immobilized ferredoxin had a formal potential value of -540 mV. It is suggested that the redox-potential measurement of self-assembled ferredoxin molecules could be used to construct a biosensor and biodevice.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.87-98
• /
• 1998

Renal tissues of ICR mouse were intraperitoneally injeced with Monostroma nitidum extract(ME) after Triton WR-1339(TX) injection were observed to investigate the lipid accumulation suppressive effect of ME. The renal tissues were obtained at hour 24, 48, and 72 after TX injection that were fixed in fromol-calcium solution and were cryocut. The tissue stained by H&E for general morphology, sudan black B for lipid and perchloric acid-naphthoquinone method for cholesterol. The parietal layer of Bowman's capsule is swatted as cuboidal type at hour 48 after TX injection and the lipid blot and cholesterol particle were noticeably increased in glomerulus than control group and these appeared in convoluted tubule, collecting tubule, and Helen's loop. But the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule was shaped as squamous type that was looked like as normal morphology in ME treated group after TX injection and the lipid blot and cholesterol particle were considerably decreased in glomerulus than TX group. As results indicated that the accumulation of lipid including cholesterol caused by TX injection were mitigated in renal tissues by the antihyperlipidermic effect of ME.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.406-412
• /
• 1984

Total lipids (TL) from Korean pinenut (Pinuskoraiensis S & Z) were extracted, purified and fractionated into three lipid classes (neutral lipid: NL, glycolipid; GL, phospholipid; PL). Lipid contents(constituent components) and fatty acid composition of three lipid classes were determined by thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography. TL ranged from 69.0% to 69.8% in fresh pinenut and consisted of 95.9% to 96.7% NL, 3.2% to2.5% GL and 0.9% to 0.8% PL. In the NL, triglycerides were predominant (80.8%) with the smaller amounts of sterol, diglycerides, free fatty acids, sterol esters and hydrocarbons. Monogalactosyl diglycerides and esterified steryl glycosides (23.5%) were the major components of GL, but cerebrosides, steryl glycosides and digalactosyl diglycerides were also found as minor components. Of the PL, phosphatidyl choline (40.2%) and phosphatidyl ethanolamine (19.4%) were the major components, comprising over 60% of this class. Phosphatidyl inositol, lysophosphatidyl choline were also present in the PL. The major fatty acids in the NL were linoleic acid (48.6%), oleic acid (28.8%) and arachidic acid(14.4%), The fatty acid composition in the GL was similar to the pattern in the NL, but PL contained a higher percentage of palmitic acid (17.7%) and stearic acid (6.0%) than other lipid classes.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.71-82
• /
• 1995

The ultrastructure and storage reserves of the Capsicum annuum seeds were studied in order to identify structure and to localize storage components in the endosperm using light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The seed coat was composed of one cell layer which contained a large number of lipid bodies, while most of the endosperm cells did not showed many lipid bodies. During seed maturation, the endosperm cells were continuously degenerated by the autophagy. Various types of plastids were also distinguished in the endosperm cells. They contained starch grains surrounded by electron-dense tiny particles, plastoglobuli, and vasicular bodies.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2009

Lipids were extracted from marine rotifer, Brachionus rotundiformis in order to examine the functionality of lipid enzymatic modification. The fatty acids, palmitic, linoleic, oleic and stearic acids were the dominant forms accounting for approximately 35.8%, 21.5%, 15.9% and 7.7% of the total lipid content, respectively. Lipid fractions were categorized as neutral lipids (38.5%), glycolipids (45.9%) and phospholipids (17.6%), and after extraction from the rotifer were isolated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) as free fatty acids (FFA), monoacylglycerol (MAG), diacylglycerol (DAG) and triacylglycerol (TAG). The production of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrate from rotifer lipids was studied using lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis. In addition, rotifer lipids were modified by hydrolysis using lipases such as porcine pancreas, Candida rugosa and Rhizomucor miehei. The lipase from Rhizomucor miehei was effective in extracting linoleic acid (C 18:2), while the lipase from Candida rugosa was effective in palmitic acid (C16:0) extraction.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.11 no.12
• /
• pp.1115-1121
• /
• 1998

MLS capacitor with lipid ultra thin films were deposited by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method on the silicon wafer. The current versus voltage and capacitance versus voltage relationships are depend on the applied voltage, electrode area and electrode materials. LB films deposited were made of L-$\alhpa$-DLPC, the 1 layer’s thickness of 35${\AA}$ was measured by ellipsometer. And MLS capacitor with different electrode materials, the work function of these materials was investigated to increase the leakage current. The result indicated the lower leakage current and very high saturation value of capacitance was reached within 700-800 pF when the two electrode was Ag. And $\varepsilon$1, $\varepsilon$2 versus photon energy showed good film formation.